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Abbé (from Latin abbas, in turn from Greek ἀββᾶς, abbas, from Aramaic abba, a title of honour, literally meaning "the father, my father", emphatic state of abh, "father") is the French word for an abbot. It is also the title used for lower-ranking Catholic clergy in France who are not members of religious orders.

History

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A concordat between Pope Leo X and King François I of France (1516) gave the monarchs of France the right to nominate 255 commendatory abbots (abbés commendataires) for almost all French abbeys, who received income from a monastery without needing to render service, creating, in essence, a sinecure.

From the mid-16th century, the title of abbé has been used in France for all young clergy, with or without consecration. Their clothes consisted of black or dark violet robes with a small collar, and they were tonsured.

Since such abbés only rarely commanded an abbey, they often worked in upper-class families as tutors, spiritual directors, etc.; some (such as Gabriel Bonnot de Mably) became writers.

Clerical oblates and seminarians of the Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest also have the honorific title of abbé.

See also

• Abbot#Modern abbots not as superior
• Abbé Pierre
• Abbé Faria
• Abbé Sieyès
• Abbé Franz Liszt
• Abbé Edgeworth de Firmont

Notes

1. Harper, Douglas. "abbot". Online Etymology Dictionary.
2. ^ A'Becket 1913.
3. A'Becket 1913 cites Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Abbot" . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. III under Kinds of Abbot
4. ^ Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920). "Abbé" . Encyclopedia Americana.

References

• A'Becket, John J (1913). "Abbé" . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.

External links

• "Abbé" . The Nuttall Encyclopædia. 1907.
• "Abbé" . Collier's New Encyclopedia. 1921.

• Abbés