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Chhattisgarhi
छत्तीसगढ़ी
The word "Chhattisgarhi" written in Devanagari script
Native to	India
Region	Chhattisgarh and a minority of speakers in Odisha and Maharashtra
Native speakers	16.2 million, partial count (2011 census) (additional speakers counted under Hindi)
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Indo-Aryan Central Zone Eastern Hindi Chhattisgarhi
Dialects	Surgujia
Writing system	Devanagari, Odia
Official status
Official language in	India Chhattisgarh (additional)
Language codes
ISO 639-3	Either: hne – Chhattisgarhi sgj – Surgujia
Glottolog	chha1249
Linguasphere	59-AAF-ta

Chhattisgarhi (छत्तीसगढ़ी) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by approximately 16.25 million people from Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra in India. It is the official language of Chhattisgarh. It is grouped within the Eastern Hindi languages and is counted by the Indian national census as a dialect of Hindi.

Phonology

Consonants

• /r/ can also be heard as a tap .

Vowels

• /ə/ can also be heard as back , .
• Nasalization is also phonemically distinctive.

Sample text

The following is a sample text in Chhattisgarhi, of Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, with a transliteration (IAST) and transcription (IPA).

Chhattisgarhi in Devanagari Script

सबो लोगन मन के गौरव अऊ अधिकार मन के मामला म जनम ले मिले स्वतंत्रता अऊ बरोबरी मिले हे। ओमन ल बुद्धि अऊ अन्तरात्मा के देन मिले हे अऊ ओमन ल एक दूसर ल परेम भाईचारा के भाव ले बेवहार करना चाही।

Transliteration (ISO)

Sabo loɡan man ke ɡaurav aū adhikār man ke māmlā ma janam le mile svatantratā aū barobari mile he. Oman la buddhi aū antarātmā ke den mile he aū oman la ek dūsar la parem bhāīcārā ke bhāv le bevahār karnā cāhī.

Transcription (IPA)

səbo loɡən mən ke ɡɔrəʋ əuː əd̪ʰikaːr mən ke maːmlaː mə dʒənəm le mile sʋət̪ənt̪rət̪aː auː bərobəri mile he. omən lə bud̪d̪ʰi auː ant̪əraːt̪maː ke d̪en mile he auː omən lə ek d̪uːsər lə pərem bʰaːiːtʃaːraː ke bʰaːʋ le beʋəhaːr kərnaː tʃaːhiː

Translation (grammatical)

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

See also

• Languages of India
• Languages with official status in India
• List of Indian languages by total speakers

Bibliography

• G. A. Zograph: Languages of South Asia, 1960 (translated by G.L. Campbell, 1982), Routledge, London.
• H. L. Kavyopadhyaya, G. A. Grierson and L. P. Kavya-Vinod. 1921. A grammar of the Chhattisgarhi dialect of Eastern Hindi.
• Masica, Colin P. 1993. The Indo-Aryan languages. (Cambridge Language Surveys.) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Boehm, Kelly Kilgo. 2022. A Preliminary Sociolinguistic Survey of the Chhattisgarhi-Speaking Peoples of India. SIL International.
• C. K. Chandrakar, "Chhattisgarhi Shabadkosh"
• C. K. Chandrakar, "Manak Chhattisgarhi Vyakaran"
• C. K. Chandrakar, "Chhattisgarhi Muhawara Kosh"
• Chhattisgarh Rajbhasha Aayog, "Prashashnik Shabdkosh Vol. I & II"

References

1. "Census of India 2011" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. 2011. p. 8. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
2. "The Chhattisgarh Official Language (Amendment) Act, 2007" (PDF). indiacode.nic.in. 2008. Retrieved 25 December 2022.
3. "Languages of Chhattisgarh". Chhattisgarh Tourism. Archived from the original on 2018-04-12. Retrieved 2021-10-14.
4. "Chhattisgarhi (छत्तीसगढ़ी)". Omniglot. Retrieved 2023-11-09.

Chhattisgarhi Language

External links

v t e State of Chhattisgarh
Capital: Raipur (Current) Nava Raipur (Future)
State Symbols	Emblem: Emblem of Chhattisgarh Anthem: Arpa Pairi Ke Dhar Animal: Wild water buffalo Bird: Common hill myna Fish: Walking catfish Flower: Marigold Tree: Sal tree Fruit: Jackfruit
History	Jogimara and Sitabenga Caves Dakshina Kosala Panduvanshi dynasty Chindaka Nagavanshi dynasty Kalachuri dynasty (Ratnapura - Raipur) Bastar Kingdom Nagpur Kingdom (Maratha invasion) Chhattisgarh Division Sonakhan rebellion Bhumkal rebellion Formation of Chhattisgarh state Naxal insurgency
Geography	Bailadila Range Maikal Hills Teerathgarh Falls Chitrakote Falls Upper Mahanadi basin
Governance	Legislature Chief Ministers Governors High Court Police Human Rights Commission
Topics	Education Election Language Music Tourism Highest point
Divisions	Raipur Bilaspur Durg Bastar Sarguja
Districts	Balod Baloda Bazar Balrampur Bastar Bemetara Bijapur Bilaspur Dantewada Dhamtari Durg Gariaban Gaurela-Pendra-Marwahi Janjgir–Champa Jashpur Kawardha Kanker Kondagaon Korba Koriya Manendragarh-Chirmiri-Bharatpur Mahasamund Mohla-Manpur-Ambagarh Chowki Mungeli Narayanpur Raigarh Raipur Rajnandgaon Sarangarh-Bilaigarh Sakti Sukma Surajpur Surguja
Cities	Ambikapur Bhilai Bilaspur Charoda Dhamtari Durg Jagdalpur Korba Nava Raipur Raipur Raigarh Rajnandgaon
Chhattisgarh

• Central Indo-Aryan languages
• Languages of India
• Eastern Indo-Aryan languages
• Culture of Chhattisgarh
• Languages written in Devanagari
• Languages listed as Hindi dialects in latest census