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Hypothetical language family including Nivkh and Chukotko-Kamchatkan
The Chukotko-Kamchatko-Amuric or Chukotko-Kamchatkan-Amuric languages form a hypothetical language family including Nivkh and Chukotko-Kamchatkan. A relationship between these two language groups was proposed by Michael Fortescue in a 2011 paper. He theorized that their common ancestor might have been spoken around 4000 years ago. However Glottolog says that the evidence is insufficient to conclude a genealogical relationship between Nivkh and Chukotko-Kamchatkan.
Evidence
Phonological
Proposed sound correspondences
Nivkh
CK
p, t, c, k, q
p’, t’, c’, k’, q’
p’, t’, c’, k’, q’
v, r/z, γ, R
m, n, n, ŋ
m, n, n’, ŋ
w, j
w, j
ə
æ
Some cognates which include a sound change of Nivkh /ə/ and CK /æ/ are: t’əkə ‘edge of sleeping platform’ and CK tæγən 'near the edge of'' and Nivkh ərŋ 'mouth of a river' and CK ær 'flow out'.
Lexical
Proposed Nivkh-Chukotko-Kamchatkan cognates
Nivkh
CK
aui 'mouth'
æw 'get a hole'
kama 'run'
kame 'move around'
juty 'pour'
jit 'drip'
poju 'smoke' (verb)
pujæ 'cook on hot stones in pit'
t'am 'stay calm'
təmɣə 'stay still, calm'
uige 'no'
ujŋæ 'no'
Morphological
Chukotko-Kamchatkan and Nivkh have dual/plural distinction, however it has been lost in Chukchi.
Chukotko-Kamchatkan also has a "singulative" ending, and traces of a singulative ending in Nivkh might be seen.