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Circinaria arida

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Species of lichen

Circinaria arida
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Pertusariales
Family: Megasporaceae
Genus: Circinaria
Species: C. arida
Binomial name
Circinaria arida
Owe-Larss., A.Nordin & Tibell (2011)

Circinaria arida (pebble ball lichen) is a 0.5–6 cm, light olive-brown crustose lichen that grows on rock, often like a cluster of little light brown to olive balls growing on pebbles, in the southwestern deserts of North America. It is also found in Eurasia, and arid parts of North America from the southern Great Plains and Midwest to California. It is warty (verrucose) with the warts sometimes cracking apart areolate. The warts or areolas have angular to rounded sides. The 0.2-2.3 mm, convex to flat-topped areolas are separated by deep fissures that may be as deep (0.1–2 mm) as the areola is wide, so the lichen often appears to be made of clusters of little balls crammed up next to each other, although the areolas are sometimes isolated. In California it is commonly found growing on pebbles. Each areola has a single sunken black, dust covered (pruinose) fruiting body (apothecium) with a white rim. A thin strip of prothallus sometimes is at the outer edge, forming a narrow dark zone (fimbriate). The similar Aspicilia desertorum has a white pruina (dusty coating) on the apothecia. It is negative for lichen spot tests, I−, K−, P−, C−.

References

  1. ^ Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-19500-2, p. 255
  2. ^ Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 3, Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bugartz, F., (eds.) 2001,
Taxon identifiers
Circinaria arida


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  • The HMS Barham (1811) was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on May 8, 1811. Here are some facts about the ship:

    1. Design and Construction: The Barham was designed by Sir Joseph Banks, one of the most renowned shipbuilders of the time. She was constructed at the Chatham Dockyard and was built with a length of 184 feet 6 inches (56.25m), a beam of 49 feet 6 inches (15.08m), and a depth of 21 feet 9 inches (6.63m).
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    4. Service history: The HMS Barham spent most of her career serving as a summarized escort and dispatch vessel. She played a crucial role in the Napoleonic Wars, especially during the Battle of Trafalgar on October 21, 1805, when she accompanied Vice-Admiral Horatio Nelson's fleet.
    5. Fate: The HMS Barham was broken up in 1816 at Portsmouth Royal Dockyard, likely due to being outdated and outgunned compared to newer ships.

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    @XMJ3 researching the topic HMS Barham (1811)
@XMJ3: The HMS Barham (1811) was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on May 8, 1811. Here are some facts about the ship: 1. Design and Construction: The Barham was designed by Sir Joseph Banks, one of the most renowned shipbuilders of the time. She was constructed at the ...
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