Dou (Chinese: 斗; pinyin: dǒu), called to in Japan and du in Korea, is a unit of volume in East Asia. It originated in China and later spread to Japan, Korean and other places. One dou equals 10 sheng or 1/10 dan, is 10 liters in China, 18.039 liters in Japan and 18 liters in Korea.
Dou is one of the traditional Chinese units of measurement used to measure cereal grains, among other things.
China
Pinyin | Character | Relative value | Metric value | US value | Imperial value | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
cuō | 撮 | 1⁄1000 | 1 mL | 0.0338 fl oz | 0.0352 fl oz | millilitre |
sháo | 勺 | 1⁄100 | 10 mL | 0.3381 fl oz | 0.3520 fl oz | centilitre |
gě | 合 | 1⁄10 | 100 mL | 3.381 fl oz | 3.520 fl oz | decilitre |
shēng | 市升 | 1 | 1 L | 2.113 pt | 1.760 pt | litre |
dǒu | 市斗 | 10 | 10 L | 21.13 pt 2.64 gal |
17.60 pt 2.20 gal |
decalitre |
dàn | 市石 | 100 | 100 L | 26.41 gal | 22.0 gal | hectolitre |
Japan
Unit | Shō | Metric | US | Imperial | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Romanized | Kanji | Exact | Approx. | Exact | Approx. | Exact | Approx. | |||||
Sai | 才 | 1⁄1000 | 2401/1,331,000 L | 1.804 mL | 37,515,625/15,900,351,812,136 cu yd | 29.28 min | 240,100/605,084,579 gal | 30.47 min | ||||
0.1101 cu in | ||||||||||||
Shaku | 勺 | 1⁄100 | 2401/133,100 L | 18.04 mL | 187,578,125/7,950,175,906,068 cu yd | 0.6100 fl oz | 2,401,000/605,084,579 gal | 0.6349 fl oz | ||||
1.101 cu in | ||||||||||||
Gō | 合 | 1⁄10 | 2401/13,310 L | 180.4 mL | 937,890,625/3,975,087,953,034 cu yd | 0.3812 pt | 24,010,000/605,084,579 gal | 0.3174 pt | ||||
0.3276 dry pt | ||||||||||||
Shō | 升 | 1 | 2401/1331 L | 1.804 L | 4,689,453,125/1,987,543,976,517 cu yd | 1.906 qt | 240,100,000/605,084,579 gal | 1.587 qt | ||||
1.638 dry qt | ||||||||||||
To | 斗 | 10 | 24,010/1331 L | 18.04 L | 46,894,531,250/1,987,543,976,517 cu yd | 4.765 gal | 2,401,000,000/605,084,579 gal | 3.968 gal | ||||
2.048 pk | ||||||||||||
Koku | 石 | 100 | 240,100/1331 L | 180.4 L | 468,945,312,500/1,987,543,976,517 cu yd | 47.65 gal | 24,010,000,000/605,084,579 gal | 39.680 gal | ||||
5.119 bu | ||||||||||||
Notes:
|
Korea
Romanization | Korean | English | Equivalents | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RR | MR[9] | Other | Doe | Other countries | Global | ||
Jak | Chak | 작(勺) | 1⁄100 | 18 mL (0.63 imp fl oz; 0.61 US fl oz) | |||
Hop | Hop | 홉 | 1⁄10 | Ge | 180 mL (6.3 imp fl oz; 6.1 US fl oz) | ||
Doe | Toe | Doi Dwe |
되 | Korean Peck | 1 | 1.8 L (0.40 imp gal; 0.48 US gal) | |
Seung | Sŭng | 승(升) | |||||
Mal | Mal | 말 | Korean Bushel | 10 | 18 L (4.0 imp gal; 4.8 US gal) | ||
Du | Tu | 두(斗) | |||||
Seom | Sŏm | 섬 | Korean Picul | 100 | Picul | 180 L (40 imp gal; 48 US gal) | |
Seok | Sŏk | Suk | 석(石) | ||||
Jeom | Chŏm | 점(苫) | |||||
Sogok | Sogok | 소곡(小斛) | 150 | 270 L (59 imp gal; 71 US gal) | |||
Pyeongseok | P'yŏngsŏk | 평석(平石) | |||||
Daegok | Taegok | 대곡(大斛) | 200 | 360 L (79 imp gal; 95 US gal) | |||
Jeonseok | Chŏnsŏk | 전석(全石) |
For more details, please see Sheng (volume)
Words
See also
Notes
- The variant figures in Fessley and the UN reports are based on the imperial measuring system.
- imp
- imp
- imp
References
- ^ "The Weights and Measures Act (1929)" (in Chinese). Legislative Yuan. Archived from the original on 2014-04-25.
- Language Institute, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (2016). 现代汉语词典 (附錄:計量單位表) [Contemporary Chinese Dictionary (Appendix: Measure units)] (in Chinese) (7th ed.). Beijing: Commercial Press. p. 1790. ISBN 978-7-100-12450-8.
- ^ Iwata, Shigeo. "Weights and Measures in Japan"
- ^ Kim (2007).
- ^ Language Institute 2016, p. 316.
- World Weights and Measures: Handbook for Statisticians, ST/STAT/SER. M/21, UN Publication No. 1955.XVII.2, New York, NY: Statistical Office of the United Nations, 1955
- Kim, Jun Hee (March 2007), "Taking Measure", Invest Korea Journal, vol. 25, Seoul: Korea Trade–Investment Promotion Agency
- Fessley, Susanna (2009), "Weights and Measures in East Asian Studies" (PDF), Albany: State University of New York
- ^ Fessley (2009), p. 9.
- ^ UN (1955), III-59.
- NIKH (2017).
- "Glossary of Korean History", Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty, Seoul: National Institute of Korean History, 2017