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List of Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross recipients (V)

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Knight's Cross recipients
A silver framed black cross that has arms which are narrow at the center, and broader at the perimeter. In the middle of the cross is a swastika, an equilateral cross with its arms bent at right angles. On the lower arm of the cross are the number 1939 engraved. The cross is connected to a ribbon with a silver clip. The ribbon has a red central stripe, flanked in white and with a black edge stripe.
All
grades		Grand Cross
Golden Oak Leaves, Swords
and Diamonds
Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds
Oak Leaves and Swords
Oak
Leaves
Knight's
Cross
 Knight's Cross

The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (German: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes) and its variants were the highest awards in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded for a wide range of reasons and across all ranks, from a senior commander for skilled leadership of his troops in battle to a low-ranking soldier for a single act of extreme gallantry. A total of 7,321 awards were made between its first presentation on 30 September 1939 and its last bestowal on 17 June 1945. This number is based on the analysis and acceptance of the order commission of the Association of Knight's Cross Recipients (AKCR). Presentations were made to members of the three military branches of the Wehrmacht—the Heer (Army), Kriegsmarine (Navy) and Luftwaffe (Air Force)—as well as the Waffen-SS, the Reichsarbeitsdienst (RAD—Reich Labour Service) and the Volkssturm (German national militia). There were also 43 recipients in the military forces of allies of the Third Reich.

These recipients are listed in the 1986 edition of Walther-Peer Fellgiebel's book, Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 . Fellgiebel was the former chairman and head of the order commission of the AKCR. In 1996, the second edition of this book was published with an addendum delisting 11 of these original recipients. Author Veit Scherzer has cast doubt on a further 193 of these listings. The majority of the disputed recipients had been nominated for the award in 1945, when the deteriorating situation of Germany during the final days of World War II left a number of nominations incomplete and pending in various stages of the approval process.

Listed here are the 92 Knight's Cross recipients whose last name starts with "V". Scherzer has challenged the validity of five of these listings. The recipients are ordered alphabetically by last name. The rank listed is the recipient's rank at the time the Knight's Cross was awarded.

Background

The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grades were based on four separate enactments. The first enactment, Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 1573 of 1 September 1939 instituted the Iron Cross (Eisernes Kreuz), the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross (Großkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes). Article 2 of the enactment mandated that the award of a higher class be preceded by the award of all preceding classes. As the war progressed, some of the recipients of the Knight's Cross distinguished themselves further and a higher grade, the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub), was instituted. The Oak Leaves, as they were commonly referred to, were based on the enactment Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 849 of 3 June 1940. In 1941, two higher grades of the Knight's Cross were instituted. The enactment Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 613 of 28 September 1941 introduced the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub und Schwertern) and the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub, Schwertern und Brillanten). At the end of 1944 the final grade, the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Golden Oak Leaves, Swords, and Diamonds (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit goldenem Eichenlaub, Schwertern und Brillanten), based on the enactment Reichsgesetzblatt 1945 I S. 11 of 29 December 1944, became the final variant of the Knight's Cross authorized.

Recipients

Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (V)
Service   Number of presentations Posthumous presentations
Heer 68 5
Kriegsmarine 1 0
Luftwaffe 17 1
Waffen-SS 6 1

The Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (Supreme Command of the Armed Forces) kept separate Knight's Cross lists for the Heer (Army), Kriegsmarine (Navy), Luftwaffe (Air Force) and Waffen-SS. Within each of these lists a unique sequential number was assigned to each recipient. The same numbering paradigm was applied to the higher grades of the Knight's Cross, one list per grade. Of the 92 awards made to servicemen whose last name starts with "V", seven were later awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and seven presentations were made posthumously. Heer members received 68 of the medals, one went to the Kriegsmarine, 17 to the Luftwaffe, and six to the Waffen-SS.

  This along with the + (plus) indicates that a higher grade of Knight's Cross was awarded as well.   This along with the * (asterisk) indicates that the Knight's Cross was awarded posthumously.   This along with the ? (question mark) indicates that author Veit Scherzer has expressed doubt regarding the veracity and formal correctness of the listing.
Name Service Rank Role and unit Date of award Notes Image
Gustav von Värst Heer 17-HOberst Commander of the 2. Schützen-Brigade 30 July 1940 —
Herbert-Ernst Vahl Waffen-SS 17-WSS-Oberführer Leader of 2. SS-Panzergrenadier-Division "Das Reich" 31 March 1943 — —
Hans-Joachim Valet Luftwaffe 12-LLeutnant Pilot in the 3./Transportgeschwader 2 20 April 1944 — —
Hermann Valle Heer 13-HOberleutnant of the Reserves Chief of the 4./Schützen-Regiment 112 31 December 1941 — —
Helmuth Valtiner Heer 03-HGefreiter Reconnaissance troop leader in the 1./Gebirgsjäger-Regiment 143 13 June 1941 — —
Anton Vandieken Waffen-SS 14-WSS-Hauptsturmführer of the Reserves Leader of a Kampfgruppe in SS-Kavallerie-Regiment 15 26 December 1944 — —
Eugène Vaulot Waffen-SS 06-WWaffen-Unterscharführer Group leader in the 33. SS-Freiwilligen-Division "Charlemagne" (franz. Nr. 1) in the combat area Groß Berlin (greater Berlin) 29 April 1945 — —
Bernhard Vechtel Luftwaffe 10-LFahnenjunker-Oberfeldwebel Pilot in the 10./Jagdgeschwader 51 "Mölders" 27 July 1944 — —
Peter Veeser Heer 10-HOberfeldwebel Shock troops leader in the 7./Infanterie-Regiment 125 14 May 1941 — —
Fritz Vehse Heer 03-HGefreiter Deputy group leader in the 3./Pionier-Bataillon 342 4 October 1944 — —
Rudolf Veiel Heer 19-HGeneralleutnant Commander of the 2. Panzer-Division 3 June 1940 —
Voldemārs Veiss Waffen-SS 17-WWaffen-Standartenführer Commander of lett. SS-Freiwilligen-Grenadier-Regiment 48 9 February 1944 —
Alfred Veith Luftwaffe 13-LOberleutnant Observer in the 5./Kampfgeschwader 55 24 October 1944 — —
Johann Veith Waffen-SS 13-WSS-Obersturmführer Leader of the 3./SS-Panzer-Regiment 2 "Das Reich" 14 February 1945* Killed in action 7 January 1945 —
Martin Veldkamp Heer 06-HUnteroffizier Group leader in the 6./Grenadier-Regiment 76 (motorized) 28 November 1943 — —
Paul Velke Heer 16-HOberstleutnant Commander of Pionier-Bataillon 45 15 August 1940 — —
Otto Velten Heer 09-HFeldwebel Leader of Infanterie-Pionier-Zug/Grenadier-Regiment 436 5 April 1945 — —
Theodor Velten Heer 12-HLeutnant Leader of the 3./Panzer-Aufklärungs-Abteilung 14 4 October 1944 — —
Siegfried Verhein Heer 18-HGeneralmajor Leader of Kampfgruppe 551. Volksgrenadier-Division 28 February 1945 — —
Josef Vernhold Heer 06-HUnteroffizier In the 8./Infanterie-Regiment 60 (motorized) 22 February 1942 — —
Kurt Versock Heer 17-HOberst Commander of Infanterie-Regiment 31 25 August 1942 —
Dr.-agrar. Hans Vesenmayer Luftwaffe 13-LOberleutnant Chief of the 2./leichte Flak-Abteilung 77 (self-motorized) 18 November 1944 — —
Kurt Veth Luftwaffe 14-LHauptmann Commander of the II./Fallschirmjäger-Regiment 3 30 September 1944 — —
Alfred Vetter Kriegsmarine 12-MLeutnant Group leader in the Marine-Kleinkampfmittel-Flottille 211 12 August 1944 Along with Iron Cross (1939) 2nd and 1st Class —
Johann Vetter Heer 03-HGefreiter PaK gunner in the 14.(Panzerjäger)/Grenadier-Regiment 147 15 June 1944* Killed on active service 4 June 1944 —
Martin Vetter Luftwaffe 15-LMajor Gruppenkommandeur of the II./Kampfgeschwader 26 16 May 1940 — —
Max Vetter Heer 06-HUnteroffizier Zugführer (platoon leader) in the 1./Grenadier-Regiment 380 7 February 1944 — —
Alexander Vial Heer 17-HOberst Commander of Grenadier-Regiment 60 (motorized) 18 December 1942 — —
Hermann Vicinius Heer 14-HHauptmann of the Reserves Commander of the I./Grenadier-Regiment 866 16 September 1943 — —
Willi Vickendey Heer 04-HObergefreiter Group leader of the 7./Skijäger-Regiment 1 17 September 1944 — —
Hans Viebig Heer 17-HOberst Commander of Grenadier-Regiment 258 21 February 1944 — —
Korbinian Viechter Heer 12-HLeutnant of the Reserves Leader of the 4./Grenadier-Regiment 42 20 October 1944 — —
Helmut Viedebantt Luftwaffe 13-LOberleutnant Staffelkapitän in the II./Zerstörergeschwader 1 30 December 1942 —
Wilhelm Viehmann Heer 16-HOberstleutnant Commander of Grenadier-Regiment 453 17 April 1945 — —
Gottfried Viehweg Heer 13-HOberleutnant of the Reserves Chief of the 3./Grenadier-Regiment 456 13 January 1944 — —
Ernst Vielhauer Heer 15-HMajor Commander of the II./Grenadier-Regiment 461 21 May 1943 — —
Wilhelm-August Vielwerth Heer 10-HOberfeldwebel Zugführer (platoon leader) in the 1./Infanterie-Regiment 87 (motorized) 18 October 1941 — —
Fritz Vierecker? Heer 14-HHauptmann Leader of an alarm unit at the Oder sector 28 April 1945 — —
Erwin Vierow Heer 20-HGeneral der Infanterie Commanding general of the LV. Armeekorps 15 November 1941 —
Willi Viertel Luftwaffe 13-LOberleutnant Staffelkapitän of the 7./Sturzkampfgeschwader 1 5 February 1944* Killed in action 31 August 1943 —
Heinrich von Vietinghoff+ called von Scheel Heer 20-HGeneral der Panzertruppe Commanding general of the XIII. Armeekorps 24 June 1940 Awarded 456th Oak Leaves 16 April 1944
Günther Viezenz Heer 13-HOberleutnant Chief of the 10./Grenadier-Regiment 7 7 January 1944 — —
Heinrich Villinger Heer 12-HLeutnant Leader of the 6./Gebirgsjäger-Regiment 99 1 February 1945* Killed in action 12 December 1944 —
Otto Vincon+ Heer 14-HHauptmann of the Reserves Deputy leader of the I./Grenadier-Regiment 460 3 December 1943 Awarded 728th Oak Leaves 5 February 1945 —
Heinz Vinke+ Luftwaffe 09-LFeldwebel Pilot in the 11./Nachtjagdgeschwader 1 19 September 1943 Awarded 465th Oak Leaves 25 April 1944 Smiling man wearing life jacket and a military decoration in shape of an Iron Cross at his neck.
Gerhard Virkus Heer 10-HOberfeldwebel Company troop leader in the 2./Panzergrenadier-Regiment 25 7 September 1943 — —
Kurt Vischer Heer 04-HObergefreiter Group leader in the 6./Jäger-Regiment 40 (L) 18 December 1944 — —
Viktor Vitali? Luftwaffe 12-LLeutnant Zugführer (platoon leader) in the 5./Fallschirmjäger-Regiment 4 30 April 1945 — —
Helmut Vocke Heer 14-HHauptmann Commander of the II./Panzergrenadier-Regiment 40 26 March 1943 — —
Georg Vögerl Luftwaffe 12-LLeutnant In Fallschirmjäger-Regiment 26 28 March 1945 — —
Helmut Vögtle? Heer 14-HHauptmann of the Reserves Commander of the II./Gebirgsjäger-Regiment 99 1 June 1945 — —
Paul Völckers Heer 19-HGeneralleutnant Commander of the 78. Infanterie-Division 11 December 1942 — —
Hermann Völk Heer 14-HHauptmann Commander of Panzer-Jäger-Abteilung 92 26 March 1944 — —
Helmut Völkel Heer 09-HFeldwebel Zugführer (platoon leader) of the 6./Gebirgsjäger-Regiment 91 13 November 1942* Died of wounds 26 October 1942 —
Dr.-jur. Gerhard Völker Heer 13-HOberleutnant of the Reserves Leader of the II./Panzergrenadier-Regiment 25 26 November 1944 — —
Emil Vogel+ Heer 19-HGeneralleutnant Commander of the 101. Jäger-Division 7 August 1943 Awarded 475th Oak Leaves 14 May 1944 —
Robert Vogel Heer 09-HFeldwebel Zugführer (platoon leader) in the 7./Grenadier-Regiment 119 (motorized) 26 August 1943 — —
Walter Vogel Heer 15-HMajor Commander of the I./Grenadier-Regiment 6 29 August 1943 — —
Friedrich Vogelsang Heer 10-HOberfeldwebel Zugführer (platoon leader) in the 12./Infanerie-Regiment 78 4 September 1942 — —
Dr. med. dent. Friedrich Vogelsang Heer 16-HOberstleutnant Commander of Grenadier-Regiment 505 14 December 1943 — —
Karl Vogelsang Heer 15-HMajor of the Reserves Commander of the II./Artillerie-Regiment 157 14 January 1945 — —
Emil Vogler Heer 06-HUnteroffizier Kradmeldestaffel (motorcycle halftrack messenger squadron) in the Stab I./Panzergrenadier-Regiment 93 24 January 1944 — —
Adolf Vogt Heer 13-HOberleutnant Chief of the 12./Grenadier-Regiment 1054 16 October 1944 — —
Emil Vogt Heer 10-HOberschirrmeister In the Stabskompanie/Panzergrenadier-Regiment 101 26 March 1943 — —
Fritz Vogt+ Waffen-SS 13-WSS-Obersturmführer Zugführer (platoon leader) in the 2./SS-Aufklärungs-Abteilung of the SS-Verfügungs-Division 4 September 1940 Awarded 785th Oak Leaves 16 March 1945 —
Heinz-Gerhard Vogt Luftwaffe 12-LLeutnant Staffelführer of the 5./Jagdgeschwader 26 "Schlageter" 25 November 1944 — —
Ludwig Vogt Heer 12-HLeutnant of the Reserves Leader of the 4.(MG)/Grenadier-Regiment 915 17 February 1945 — —
Hans Vohburger Heer 13-HOberleutnant Chief of the 7./Infanterie-Regiment 19 "List" 14 December 1941 — —
Gerhard Voigt Heer 13-HOberleutnant Chief of the 2./Pionier-Bataillon 18 25 June 1940 — —
Hans Voigt? Heer 18-HGeneralmajor Commander of fortress Arnswalde (Pommern) 28 April 1945 — —
Hans-Günther Voigt Heer 13-HOberleutnant Chief of the 5./Grenadier-Regiment 154 29 February 1944* Killed in action 12 January 1944 —
Walter Voigt Heer 10-HOberfeldwebel Zugführer (platoon leader) in the 14.(Panzerjäger)/Grenadier-Regiment 31 16 October 1944 — —
Heinrich Voigtsberger+ Heer 15-HMajor Commander of MG-Bataillon 2 9 July 1941 Awarded 351st Oak Leaves 9 December 1943 —
Friedrich-Jobst Volckamer von Kirchensittenbach Heer 19-HGeneralleutnant Commander of the 8. Jäger-Division 26 March 1944 — —
Hennecke Volckens Heer 14-HHauptmann Chief of the 7./Panzer-Regiment 6 17 December 1942* Died of wounds 16 December 1942 —
Kurt Volk Heer 06-HUnteroffizier Gun leader in the 2./Panzer-Jäger-Abteilung 9 10 May 1943 — —
Herbert Volke Heer 10-HOberwachtmeister Zugführer (platoon leader) in the 1./Panzer-Aufklärungs-Abteilung 5 16 November 1944 — —
Heinrich Volker Heer 14-HHauptmann Chief of the Stabskompanie/Panzergrenadier-Regiment 73 19 January 1943 — —
Heinz Volkmann Heer 12-HLeutnant of the Reserves Battery officer in the 2./Artillerie-Regiment 240 8 February 1943 — —
Friedrich Vollbracht Luftwaffe 16-LOberstleutnant Geschwaderkommodore of Zerstörergeschwader 2 13 October 1940 — —
Götzpeter Vollmer Luftwaffe 13-LOberleutnant Staffelkapitän of the 1./Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 "Immelmann" 22 June 1941 — —
Günter Vollmer Heer 13-HOberleutnant of the Reserves Leader of the 3./Grenadier-Regiment 411 20 April 1943 — —
Heinrich Vonhoff Heer 13-HOberleutnant of the Reserves Chief of the 12./Infanterie-Regiment 408 25 September 1942 — —
Klaus Voormann Heer 13-HOberleutnant Chief of the 10./Infanterie-Regiment 134 10 September 1942 — —
Oskar Vorbrugg Luftwaffe 17-LOberst Commander of Flak-Regiment 21 (motorized) 3 June 1944 — —
Nikolaus von Vormann Heer 19-HGeneralleutnant Commander of the 23. Panzer-Division 22 August 1943 — —
Werner Voshage? Heer 15-HMajor Commander of Heeres-Flak-Abteilung "Brandenburg" 8 May 1945 — —
Ernst Voß+ Heer 16-HOberstleutnant Commander of Grenadier-Regiment 585 18 April 1943 Awarded 314th Oak Leaves 28 October 1943 —
Herbert Voß Luftwaffe 15-LMajor Gruppenkommandeur of the II./Kampfgeschwader 51 5 February 1944 — —
Johann-Joachim Voß Heer 13-HOberleutnant of the Reserves Leader of the 5./Schützen-Regiment 93 27 May 1942 — —
Reimer Voß Luftwaffe 13-LOberleutnant Staffelkapitän of the 4./Kampfgeschwader 26 12 March 1945 — —
Heinrich Voutta Heer 14-HHauptmann Leader of Panzer-Aufklärungs-Abteilung 9 23 March 1945 — —

Notes

  1. Großadmiral and President of Germany Karl Dönitz, Hitler's successor as Head of State (Staatsoberhaupt) and Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces, had ordered the cessation of all promotions and awards as of 11 May 1945 (Dönitz-decree). Consequently the last Knight's Cross awarded to Oberleutnant zur See of the Reserves Georg-Wolfgang Feller on 17 June 1945 must therefore be considered a de facto but not de jure hand-out.
  2. For an explanation of the various naming schemes used by the Luftwaffe, Heer, Kriegsmarine and Waffen-SS refer to nomenclature used by the Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS.
  3. According to Scherzer as chief of the 6./SS-Kavallerie-Regiment 15 and leader of a Kampfgruppe.
  4. According to Scherzer as commander of SS-Freiwilligen-Grenadier-Regiment 42 (lett. Nr. 4).
  5. According to Scherzer as chief of the 2./leichte Flak-Abteilung 77 (Selbstfahrlafette).
  6. According to Scherzer as Hauptmann of the Reserves.
  7. According to Scherzer as gunner in the 14./Grenadier-Regiment 147.
  8. According to Scherzer as Major of the Reserves.
  9. No evidence of the award can be found in the German Federal Archives. Fellgiebel assumes a presentation via the chief of the Heerespersonalamt (HPA—Army Staff Office) Wilhelm Burgdorf in Berlin. This scenario is very unlikely since the commanding Oder corps, and most likely also Fritz Vierecker's emergency unit, had both been deployed south of Stettin under the command of the Army Group Vistula. His nomination should therefore have been submitted via the command chain of the Army Group Vistula. Additionally the radio connection to the Führerbunker was down since 5:00 on 28 April 1945. Vierecker is not mentioned anywhere in the proceedings of the Order Commission of the Association of Knight's Cross Recipients (AKCR). His family holds a portrait picture of Vierecker wearing the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. The Knight's Cross at his neck evidently is not a photomontage. Noteworthy is the fact that Vierecker wears his peace time uniform of Pionier-Battalion 12 (12th pioneer battalion) on this picture.
  10. According to Scherzer as Leutnant of the Reserves.
  11. According to Scherzer as leader of I./Grenadier-Regiment 460.
  12. No evidence of the award can be found in the German Federal Archives. The award was unlawfully presented by the commanding general of the I. Falschirmkorps, General der Fallschirmtruppe Richard Heidrich.
  13. No evidence of the award can be found in the German Federal Archives. According to Fellgiebel presented on 1 June 1945 by the AOK 6, which was not authorized. Helmut Vögtle is member of the Association of Knight's Cross Recipients.
  14. According to Scherzer on 27 August 1943.
  15. According to Scherzer as leader of the 4./Grenadier-Regiment 915.
  16. No evidence of the award can be found in the German Federal Archives. The Order Commission of the Association of Knight's Cross Recipients (AKCR) stated: "...Generalmajor Hans Voigt has to be considered a bearer of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, even though the formalities are not 100 percent correct." because the presentation was an "authorized presentation by Himmler" as commander-in-chief of Army Group Vistula from the end of February or early March. Himmler was not authorized to make this presentation, a fact known to the AKCR, however the AKCR wanted to affiliate Voigt immediately. The AKCR therefore assigned the unsuspicious presentation date of 28 April 1945 and claimed its approval was made by the chief of the Heerespersonalamt (HPA—Army Staff Office) Wilhelm Burgdorf in Berlin. His listing by Fellgiebel contains a footnote stating "It has to be assumed that a few presentations have been made by the chief of the HPA General Burgdorf in the timeframe 20 April to 30 April." Voigt was a member of the AKCR.
  17. According to Scherzer as Zugführer (platoon leader) in the 14./Grenadier-Regiment 31.
  18. According to Scherzer as Zugführer (platoon leader) in the 1./Aufklärungs-Abteilung 5.
  19. According to Scherzer on 24 June 1941.
  20. ^ According to Scherzer on 9 June 1944 as commander of Flak-Regiment 21.
  21. No evidence of the award can be found in the German Federal Archives. Werner Voshage is also not mentioned in the activity reports of the Association of Knight's Cross Recipients (AKCR). The only indication can be found in a letter of the AKCR to Friedrich Müller-Rochholz dated from 16 June 1980 which claims that Voshage may have been nominated in mid-March. According to the AKCR the award was presented in accordance with the Dönitz-decree. This is illegal according to the Deutsche Dienststelle (WASt) and lacks legal justification. The presentation date is an assumption of the AKCR.

References

Citations

  1. Williamson & Bujeiro 2004, pp. 3–4.
  2. Fellgiebel 2000, p. 4.
  3. Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 113–460, 483, 485–487, 492, 494, 498–499, 501, 503, 509.
  4. Scherzer 2007, pp. 117–186.
  5. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 429–433.
  6. Scherzer 2007, pp. 181–182.
  7. "Reichsgesetzblatt Teil I S. 1573; 1 September 1939" (PDF). ALEX Österreichische Nationalbibliothek (in German). Reichsministerium des Inneren (Ministry of the Interior). Retrieved 21 February 2008.
  8. "Reichsgesetzblatt Teil I S. 849; 3 June 1940" (PDF). ALEX Österreichische Nationalbibliothek (in German). Reichsministerium des Inneren (Ministry of the Interior). Retrieved 21 February 2008.
  9. "Reichsgesetzblatt Teil I S. 613; 28 September 1941" (PDF). ALEX Österreichische Nationalbibliothek (in German). Reichsministerium des Inneren (Ministry of the Interior). Retrieved 21 February 2008.
  10. "Reichsgesetzblatt 1945 I S. 11; 29 December 1944" (PDF). ALEX Österreichische Nationalbibliothek (in German). Reichsministerium des Inneren (Ministry of the Interior). Retrieved 21 February 2008.
  11. Fellgiebel 2000, p. 112.
  12. ^ Scherzer 2007, p. 755.
  13. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 429.
  14. ^ Scherzer 2007, p. 756.
  15. Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 429, 507.
  16. Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 430, 507.
  17. ^ Scherzer 2007, p. 757.
  18. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 430.
  19. ^ Scherzer 2007, p. 758.
  20. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 431.
  21. ^ Scherzer 2007, p. 759.
  22. ^ Scherzer 2007, p. 181.
  23. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 431, 507.
  24. ^ Scherzer 2007, p. 182.
  25. ^ Scherzer 2007, p. 760.
  26. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 432.
  27. ^ Scherzer 2007, p. 761.
  28. Fellgiebel 2000, p. 26.
  29. ^ Scherzer 2007, p. 762.
  30. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 433.
  31. ^ Scherzer 2007, p. 763.

Bibliography

  • Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer (2000). Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile [The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches] (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.
  • Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives [The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Miltaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2.
  • Williamson, Gordon; Bujeiro, Ramiro (2004). Knight's Cross and Oak Leaves Recipients 1939–40. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84176-641-6.

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