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Kazan Governorate

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(Redirected from Governorate of Kazan) 1708–1920 unit of Russia
Kazan GovernorateКазанская губерния (Russian)
Governorate of the Russian Empire
1708–1920
Coat of arms of Coat of arms

Location in the Russian Empire
CapitalKazan
Area 
• 63,618 km (24,563 sq mi)
Population 
• 1913 2,850,000
History 
• Established 1708
• Disestablished 1920
Preceded by Succeeded by
Kazan Viceroyalty
Tatar ASSR
Chuvash Autonomous Oblast

Kazan Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Tsardom of Russia, the Russian Empire, and the Russian SFSR from 1708 to 1920, with its capital in Kazan.

History

Part of a series on the
History of Tatarstan
Coat of Arms of Tatarstan
Part of a series on the
History of Udmurtia
Coat of arms of the Udmurt Republic

Kazan Governorate, together with seven other governorates, was established on December 29 [O.S. December 18], 1708, by Tsar Peter the Great's edict on the lands of the Khanates of Kazan, Sibir, and Astrakhan, with addition of some lands from the Nogai Horde. These were the areas historically governed by the Kazan Palace's Prikaz. As with the rest of the governorates, neither the borders nor internal subdivisions of Kazan Governorate were defined; instead, the territory was defined as a set of cities and the lands adjacent to those cities.

In 1717, Astrakhan Governorate was separated from Kazan Governorate; in 1719—Nizhny Novgorod; in 1744—Orenburg; in 1781—Vyatka, Simbirsk, and Ufa Governorates were separated. Under Catherine the Great (1781–1796) Kazan was the center of a namestnichestvo (viceroyalty), with Kazan, Penza, and Saratov Governorates as its integral parts.

At first the governorate was divided into lots (доли, doli), then into provinces (провинции, provintsii) in 1719, and into uyezds (уезды) in 1775. Prior to 1796, there were Kazan, Kozmodemyansk, Laishev, Mamadysh, Sviyazhsk, Spassk, Tetyushi, Tsaryovokokshaysk, Tsivilsk, Cheboksary, Chistopol, and Yadrin uyezds.

In 1913, the area of the governorate comprised 55,900 square versts, its population was estimated at 2.85 million (38.9% Russians, 31.2% Tatars, 22.8% Chuvash, 5.1% Mari, 1.2% Mordva). There were 7,272 settlements, including 13 towns: Kazan, Arsk, Sviyazhsk, Kozmodemyansk, Laishev, Mamadysh, Spassk, Tetyushi, Tsaryovokokshaysk, Tsivilsk, Cheboksary, Chistopol, Yadrin; and two posads: Mariinsky Posad and Troitsky Posad.

The governorate was finally abolished during the Bolshevik administrative reform (see Idel-Ural State). Thereupon its Eastern part was proclaimed the Tatar ASSR, while the Western part was eventually divided between Chuvashia and Mari El.

Administrative division

Kazan Governorate consisted of the following uyezds (administrative centres in parentheses):

References

  1. Указ об учреждении губерний и о росписании к ним городов (in Russian)
  2. С. А. Тархов (2001). "Изменение административно-территориального деления России за последние 300 лет". Электронная версия журнала "География". Archived from the original on November 13, 2013.

External links

Further reading

Subdivisions of the Russian Empire
Governorates
(List)
Oblasts
Oblasts of Stepnoy Krai
Oblasts of Turkestan Krai
Caucasus Viceroyalty
Baltic Governorates³
Governorates of Finland
Governorates of Poland
Governorates of
Galicia and Bukovina
Dependencies
¹ Italics indicates renamed or abolished governorates, oblasts, etc on 1 January 1914.
² An asterisk (+) indicates governorates formed or created with renaming after 1 January 1914.
³ Ostsee or Baltic general-governorship was abolished in 1876.

55°47′27″N 49°06′52″E / 55.7908°N 49.1144°E / 55.7908; 49.1144

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