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Haeso

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Historical region now in North Korea Region of Korea
Haesŏ 해서 · 海西
Region of Korea
Etymology: 해서
"West of the sea"
Territorial extent of the Haesŏ region projected onto a map of the current administrative divisions of KoreaTerritorial extent of the Haesŏ region projected onto a map of the current administrative divisions of Korea
Country North Korea
 South Korea (claimed)
Haeso
Chosŏn'gŭl해서
Hancha海西
Revised RomanizationHaeseo
McCune–ReischauerHaesŏ

Haesŏ, or Haeseo (Korean: 해서), is a region of Korea that occupies what is now North Hwanghae and South Hwanghae provinces of North Korea, as well as Baengnyeong Island and Ongjin County of South Korea. The region once hosted the Hwanghae Province of the Joseon period.

The name of the region, Haesŏ, means "West of the Sea", in reference to the region being to the west of Gyeonggi Bay, the portion of the Yellow Sea offshore of Incheon and Ganghwa Island.

History

Joseon and Korean Empire periods

Main articles: Eight Provinces of Korea and Hwanghae Province

Hwanghae Province was originally formed in 1395 as Punghae Province (豐海道/풍해도 punghae-do), then was renamed to Hwanghae (黃海道/황해도 hwanghae-do) in 1417 by taking the first syllables of the provinces two principal cities: Hwangju and Haeju.

Contemporary history (1910 – present)

In 1910, Korea was annexed into the Empire of Japan, and its administrative divisions were rearranged. Hwanghae Province was reorganized into Kōkai-dō, with Kaishū (Haeju) serving as its capital.

Since 1945, most of Haeso has been under the jurisdiction of North Korea, while only several islands off the coast of South Hwanghae province are under the jurisdiction of South Korea. In 1954, Hwanghae Province was divided into the current North Hwanghae and South Hwanghae provinces.

Administrative divisions

Main article: Administrative divisions of North Korea
Provinces (道/도)
Province Hancha Chosŏn'gŭl Revised Romanization McCune-Reischauer Abbreviation Capital
North Hwanghae 黃海北道 황해북도 Hwanghaebuk-do Hwanghaebuk-to Hwangbuk (黃北/황북) Sariwŏn
South Hwanghae 黃海南道 황해남도 Hwanghaenam-do Hwanghaenam-to Hwangnam (黃南/황남) Haeju
Provinces according to the Committee for the Five Northern Korean Provinces
Map Province Capital Governor
Hwanghae Haeju Ki Deok-young

See also

References

  1. 오, 홍석, 해서지방 (海西地方), Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (in Korean), Academy of Korean Studies, retrieved 2024-05-25
  2. 신정일 (2019). 신정일의 신 택리지: 북한. Sam & Parkers. ISBN 9788965709565.
  3. ^ 이, 지호, 황해도 (黃海道), Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (in Korean), Academy of Korean Studies, retrieved 2024-05-25
Regions and administrative divisions of North Korea
Regions
Provinces
Direct-administered city
Special cities
Special administrative regions (abolished)

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