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Hot Summer of 1975

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Period of political, military and social instability in Portugal that punctuated the summer of 1975
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Hot Summer of 1975
Part of PREC
DateJune – August 1975
LocationPortugal, especially in the North
Result

Prime Minister Vasco Gonçalves is dismissed
Coup of 25 November 1975:

  • PREC ends
  • Rightist forces are strengthened
Belligerents
Portugal Provisional Governments of the Third Portuguese Republic
Supported by:
PCP		 ELP
MDLP
Movimento Maria da Fonte
CODECO
Rightist political parties:
CDS
PPD		 Group of Nine PS
Commanders and leaders
Portugal Francisco da Costa Gomes
Portugal Vasco Gonçalves
Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho
Álvaro Cunhal		 António de Spínola
Guilherme Almor de Alpoim Calvão
Ramiro Moreira
Portugal António Pires Veloso
Portugal Jaime Neves
Paradela de Abreu
Eduardo Melo Peixoto		 Ernesto Melo Antunes
Vasco Lourenço
Jaime Neves
António Ramalho Eanes		 Mário Soares
Casualties and losses
Around 10 civilians die as a result of clashes, terrorist attacks and massacres

The Hot Summer of 1975 (Portuguese: Verão Quente de 1975) was a tumultuous period in Portuguese history characterized by political, social and military instability. At the center of the conflict was the rift between rightist and leftist groups, as well as the rift among leftist groups themselves.

Although tensions can be said to have started after António de Spínola's resignation in the 30th of September of 1974, and ultimately culminated in the failed coup of 25 November 1975, most of the violence and tensions that gave the period its name lasted throughout the eponymous summer of 1975. Violence, including some of the most brutal continued into the next year and into the 70s and 80s.

See also

References

  1. No dia seguinte à abertura da Assembleia Constituinte (2 de Julho), há o primeiro atentado bombista contra-revolucionário em Lisboa (3 de Junho). No dia 8 de Junho, a Assembleia do MFA aprovava o projecto da Aliança Povo/MFA, mas três dias depois já o centro de trabalho do PCP em Fafe era atacado à granada. Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho (que chefiava a COPCON), em 14 de Junho, ainda fala em mandar os fascistas para o Campo Pequeno, mas dois dias depois, era assaltada a sede do MDP em A-ver-o-mar. No dia 19 de Junho, o MFA aprova um Plano de Acção Política, uma espécie de segundo programa do MFA, assumindo-se como movimento de libertação do povo português. O processo revolucionário em curso começava a estar ao rubro, dando-se em 3O de Junho a fuga de 88 agentes da PIDE/DGS, detidos em Alcoentre - in: Verão Quente, Politipédia.
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