James Gregory may refer to:
- James Gregory (mathematician) (1638–1675), Scottish mathematician and astronomer
- James Gregory (physician) (1753–1821), Scottish physician
- James J. H. Gregory (1827–1910), American educator, businessman, writer, politician, and philanthropist
- James Gregory (mineralogist) (1832–1899), Scottish mineralogist
- James Gregory (actor) (1911–2002), American actor
- James Gregory (prison officer) (1941–2003), South African prison guard, author of Goodbye Bafana
- James Gregory (comedian) (1946-2024), American comedian
- Jim Gregory (basketball), American former college basketball standout
- Jim Gregory (football chairman) (1928–1998), former English football club director and chairman
- Jim Gregory (footballer) (1876–1949), Australian rules footballer
- Jim Gregory (ice hockey) (1935–2019), Canadian general manager and league executive in the National Hockey League
- Jim Gregory (politician) (elected 2018), American politician from Pennsylvania
- James Crawford Gregory (1801–1832), Scottish physician
- James G. Gregory (1843–1932), Surgeon General of Connecticut and member of the Connecticut House of Representatives
- James Monroe Gregory (1849–1915), professor of Latin and dean at Howard University
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