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This article is a list of the various dynasties and monarchs that have ruled in the Indian subcontinent and it is one of several lists of incumbents.

The earliest Indian rulers are known from epigraphical sources found in archeological inscriptions on Ashokan edicts written in Pali language and using brahmi script. They are also known from the literary sources like Sanskrit literature, Jain literature and Buddhist literature in context of literary sources. Archaeological sources include archeological remains in Indian subcontinent which give many details about earlier kingdoms, monarchs, and their interactions with each other.

Early types of historic documentation include metal coins with an indication of the ruler, or at least the dynasty, at the time. These Punch-marked coins were issued around 600s BCE and are found in abundance from the Maurya Empire in 300s BCE. There are also stone inscriptions and documentary records from foreign cultures from around this time. The main imperial or quasi-imperial rulers of North India are fairly clear from this point on, but many local rulers, and the situation in the Deccan and South India has less clear stone inscriptions from early centuries. Main sources of South Indian history is Sangam Literature dated from 300s BCE. Time period of ancient Indian rulers is speculative, or at least uncertain.

Vedic India (c. 2000s – 200s BCE)

Kingdom of Magadha

List of monarchs of Magadha

Kingdom of Kashmir

List of monarchs of Kashmir

Gandhara Kingdom (c. 1500 – 518 BCE)

Kings of Gandhara

Kuru Kingdom (c. 1900 – 345 BCE)

List of Kuru kings

Kingdom of Avanti (c. 1100 – 400 BCE)

Haiheyas

1. Sahasrajit
2. Satajit
3. Mahahaya, Renuhaya and Haihaya (the founder of Haihaya Kingdom). (Contemporary to Suryavanshi king Mandhatri)
4. Dharma was the son of Haihaya.
5. Netra
6. Kunti
7. Sohanji
8. Mahishman was the founder of Mahishmati on the banks of River Narmada.
9. Bhadrasenaka (Bhadrasena) (Contemporary to Suryavanshi king Trishanku)
10. Durmada (Contemporary to Suryavanshi king Harischandra)
11. Durdama
12. Bhima
13. Samhata
14. Kanaka
15. Dhanaka
16. Krtavirya, Krtagni, Krtavarma and Krtauja. (Contemporary to Suryavanshi king Rohitashva)
17. Sahasrabahu Kartavirya Arjuna was the son of Krtavirya who ruled 88 years and was finally killed by Lord Parashurama.
18. Jayadhwaja, Vrshabha, Madhu and Urujit were left by Parshurama and 995 others were killed by Lord Parashurama. Pajanya was adopted by Kroshta king Devamidha
19. Talajangha (Contemporary to Suryavanshi king Asita)
20. Vithihotra (Contemporary to Suryavanshi king Sagara)
21. Madhu
22. Vrshni

Pradyota dynasty

Videha (c. 1100 – 700 BCE)

Kings of Videha

Kalinga Kingdom (c. 1100 – 261 BCE)

Kings of Kalinga

Kosala Kingdom (c. 1100 – 345 BCE)

Kings of Kosala:

• Brihadbala
• Brihatkshaya
• Urukriya
• Vatsavyuha
• Prativyoma
• Bhaanu
• Divakara
• Veer Sahadeva
• Brihadashva
• Bhanuratha
• Pratitashva
• Supratika
• Marudeva
• Sunakshatra
• Pushkara
• Antariksha
• Suvarna
• Bruhadaraaj
• Kritanjaya
• Ranajjaya
• Sanjaya Mahakoshala or Jayasena
• Prasenajit
• Virudhaka
• Sumitra

Panchala Kingdom (c. 1100 BCE – 350 CE)

Kings of Panchala:

• Rishin
• Brihadbhanu, (son of Brihadvasu)
• Brihatkaya
• Puranjaya
• Riksha
• Bramhyaswa
• Aramyaswa
• Mudgala, Yavinara, Pratiswan, Maharaja Kampilya - (founder of Kampilya capital of Panchala Kingdom)
• Sranjaya, (son of Aramyaswa)
• Dritimana
• Drdhanemi
• Sarvasena, (founder of Ujjain Kingdom)
• Mitra
• Rukmaratha
• Suparswa
• Sumathi
• Sannatimana
• Krta
• Pijavana
• Somadutta
• Jantuvahana
• Badhrayaswa
• Brihadhishu
• Brihadhanu
• Brihadkarma
• Jayaratha
• Visvajit
• Seinyajit
• Nepavirya, (after this King's name the country was named Nepaldesh)
• Samara
• Sadashva
• Ruchiraswa
• Pruthusena
• Prapti
• Prthaswa
• Sukrthi
• Vibhiraja
• Anuha
• Bramhadatta II
• Vishwaksena
• Dandasena
• Durmukha
• Durbuddhi
• Dharbhya
• Divodasa
• Sivana I
• Mitrayu
• Maitrayana
• Soma
• Sivana II
• Sadasana
• Sahadeva
• Somaka, (Somaka's eldest son was Sugandakrthu and youngest was Prishata. But in a war all sons died and Prishata Survived and became the king of Panchala)
• Prishati, (son of Somaka)
• Drupada, (son of Prishata)
• Dhrishtadyumna, (was the son of Drupada, Draupadi and Shikhandi were the daughters of Drupada)
• Keśin Dālbhya
• Pravahana Jaivali
• Achyuta, (last known ruler of Panchala Kingdom which was defeated in c. 350 CE by Gupta ruler Samudragupta.)

Anga Kingdom (c. 1100 – 530 BCE)

Kings of Anga:

• Maharaj Anga - (founder of the kingdom and son of King Bali)
• Romapada
• Brihadratha
• Angaraj Karna
• Vrishaketu - (son of Karna)
• Tamralipta
• Lomapada
• Chitraratha
• Vrihadratha
• Vasuhoma
• Dhatarattha
• Dhadivahana
• Brahmadatta - (last king of Anga kingdom)

Kamboja Kingdom (c. 700 – 200 BCE)

Kings of Kamboja:

• Kamatha
• Chandravarma Kamboja
• Kamatha Kamboja
• Prapaksha Kamboja
• Sudakshina Kamboja
• Srindra Varmana Kamboj

Shakya Republic (c. 7th to 5th century BCE)

Rulers of Shakya:

• Shakya
• Sihahanu
• Śuddhodana
• Siddhartha Shakya (aka Gautama Buddha)
• Rāhula

Later Shakya Republic was conquered by Virudhaka of Kosala.

Kingdom of Tambapanni (c. 543 – 437 BCE)

Portrait	Name	Birth	Death	Ruler From (in BCE)	Ruler Until (in BCE)	Marriages	Claim
	Vijaya	? Sinhapura son of Sinhabahu, and Sinhasivali	505 Tambapanni	543	505	Kuveni two children Pandu Princes	Founded Kingdom Marriage to Kuveni
	Upatissa (regent)	-	-	505	504		Prince Vijaya's Chief Minister
	Panduvasdeva	-	-	504	474		Nephew of Vijaya
	Abhaya	-	-	474	454		Son of Panduvasdeva
	Tissa (regent)	-	-	454	437		Younger brother of Abhaya

Ancient and early medieval Southern Indian dynasties

Pandya dynasty (c. 600 BCE–1650 CE)

Early Pandyans

• Koon Pandiyan - (Earliest Known Pandyan king)
• Nedunj Cheliyan I (Aariyap Padai Kadantha Nedunj Cheliyan), he was mentioned in legend of Kannagi
• Pudappandiyan
• Mudukudumi Paruvaludhi
• Nedunj Cheliyan II (Pasumpun Pandiyan)
• Nan Maran
• Nedunj Cheliyan III (Talaiyaalanganathu Seruvendra Nedunj Cheliyan)
• Maran Valudi
• Musiri Mutriya Cheliyan
• Ukkirap Peruvaluthi

Middle Pandyans (c. 590–920 CE)

• Kadungon (590–620 CE)
• Maravarman Avani Culamani (c. 620–645 CE)
• Jayantavarman (c. 645–670 CE)
• Arikesari Maravarman Nindraseer Nedumaaran (c. 670–710 CE)
• Kochadaiyan Ranadhiran (710–735 CE)
• Arikesari Parankusa Maravarman Rajasimha I (735–765)
• Parantaka Nedunjadaiyan (765–815)
• Rasasingan II (790–800)
• Varagunan I (800–830)
• Srimara Srivallabha (815–862)
• Varagunavarman II (862–880)
• Parantaka Viranarayana (880–900)
• Maravarman Rajasimha II (900–920)

Pandyans under Chola Empire (c. 920–1216 CE)

• Sundara Pandyan I
• Vira Pandyan I
• Vira Pandyan II
• Amarabhujanga Tivrakopa
• Jatavarman Sundara Chola Pandyan
• Maravarman Vikrama Chola Pandyan
• Maravarman Parakrama Chola Pandyan
• Jatavarman Chola Pandya
• Seervallabha Manakulachala (1101–1124)
• Maaravaramban Seervallaban (1132–1161)
• Parakrama Pandyan I (1161–1162)
• Kulasekara Pandyan III
• Vira Pandyan III
• Jatavarman Srivallaban (1175–1180)
• Jatavarman Kulasekaran I (1190–1216)

Pandalam dynasty (Later Pandyans) (c. 1212–1345 CE)

• Parakrama Pandyan II (1212–1215)
• Maravarman Sundara Pandyan (1216–1238)
• Sadayavarman Kulasekaran II (1238–1240)
• Maravarman Sundara Pandyan II (1238–1251)
• Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan (1251–1268)
• Maaravarman Kulasekara Pandyan I (1268–1308)
• Sundara Pandyan IV (1309–1327)
• Vira Pandyan IV (1309–1345)

Tenkasi Pandya dynasty (c. 1422–1650 CE)

During the 15th century, the Pandyans lost their traditional capital city Madurai because of the Islamic and Nayaks invasion, and were forced to move their capital to Tirunelveli in southern Tamilakam and existed there as vassals.

• Cataiyavarman Parakrama Pandyan (1422–1463)
• Cataiyavarman III Kulasekara Pandyan (1429–1473)
• Azhagan Perumal Parakrama Pandyan (1473–1506)
• Kulasekara Pandyan (1479–1499)
• Cataiyavarman Civallappa Pandyan (1534–1543)
• Parakrama Kulasekara Pandyan (1543–1552)
• Nelveli Maran (1552–1564)
• Cataiyavarman Adiveerama Pandyan (1564–1604)
• Varathunga Pandyan (1588–1612)
• Varakunarama Pandyan (1613–1618)
• Kollankondan (1618–1650)

Chera dynasty (c. 600 BCE–1530 CE)

Ancient Chera kings

Kongu Cheras (c. 400–844 CE)

Makotai Cheras

Venadu Cheras (Kulasekharas) (c. 1090–1530 CE):

• Rama Kulasekhara (1090–1102)
• Kotha Varma Marthandam (1102–1125)
• Vira Kerala Varma I (1125–1145)
• Kodai Kerala Varma (1145–1150)
• Vira Ravi Varma (1145–1150)
• Vira Kerala Varma II (1164–1167)
• Vira Aditya Varma (1167–1173)
• Vira Udaya Martanda Varma (1173–1192)
• Devadaram Vira Kerala Varma III (1192–1195)
• Vira Manikantha Rama Varma Tiruvadi (1195- ?)
• Vira Rama Kerala Varma Tiruvadi (1209–1214)
• Vira Ravi Kerala Varma Tiruvadi (1214–1240)
• Vira Padmanabha Martanda Varma Tiruvadi (1240–1252)
• Ravi Varma (1252–1313)
• Vira Udaya Martanda Varma (1313–1333)
• Aditya Varma Tiruvadi (1333–1335)
• Vira Rama Udaya Martanda Varma Tiruvadi (1335–1342)
• Vira Kerala Varma Tiruvadi (1342–1363)
• Vira Martanda Varma III (1363–1366)
• Vira Rama Martanda Varma (1366–1382)
• Vira Ravi Varma (1383–1416)
• Vira Ravi Ravi Varma (1416–1417)
• Vira Kerala Martanda Varma (1383)
• Chera Udaya Martanda Varma (1383–1444)
• Vira Ravi Varma (1444–1458)
• Sankhara Sri Vira Rama Martanda Varma (1458–1468)
• Vira Kodai Sri Aditya Varma (1468–1484
• Vira Ravi Ravi Varma (1484–1503)
• Martanda Varma, Kulasekhara Perumal (1503–1504)
• Vira Ravi Kerala Varma, Kulasekhara Perumal (1504–1530)

Chola dynasty (c. 600 BCE–1279 CE)

Ancient Chola kings (c. 600 BCE – 300 CE)

• Eri Oliyan Vaendhi
• Maandhuvaazhi
• El Mei Nannan
• Keezhai Kinjuvan
• Vazhisai Nannan
• Mei Kiyagusi Aerru
• Aai Kuzhi Agusi Aerru
• Thizhagan Maandhi
• Maandhi Vaelan
• Aai Adumban
• Ilamcetcenni
• Karikala Chola
• Nedunkilli
• Nalankilli
• Killivalavan
• Perunarkilli
• Kocengannan
• Nalluruththiran

Chola emperors (848 – 1279 AD)

Velir dynasties (c. 300 BCE–1200 CE)

Major dynasties of Velir are-

• Vēl Pāri
• Ilanji Vel
• Irunkōvēl
• Athiyamān
• Malayamān
• Malaiyamān Thirumudi Kāri
• Athiyamān Nedumān Añci
• Vaiyāvik Kōpperum Pēkan

Ay dynasty (Velir) (c. 300 BCE–800 CE)

Early Ay Kings

• Ay Andiran
• Ay Titiyan
• Ay Atiyan

Medieval Ay Kings

• Chadayan Karunanthan
• Karunanthadakkkan Srivallabha (r. 856–884 CE)
• Vikramaditya Varaguna (r. 884–911 CE)

Pallava dynasty (c. 275 – 897 CE)

Kadamba dynasties (c. 345–1310 CE)

Principality of Banavasi (c. 345–540 CE)

Banavasi branch rulers-

• Mayurasharma (345–365)
• Kangavarma (365–390)
• Bhageerath (390–415)
• Raghu (415–435)
• Kakusthavarma (435–455)
• Santivarma (455–460)
• Shiva Mandhatri (460–475)
• Mrigeshavarma (475–485)
• Ravivarma (485–519)
• Harivarma (519–530)

Triparvatha branch rulers-

• Krishna Varma I (455–475)
• Vishnuvarma (475–485)
• Simhavarma (485–516)
• Krishna Varma II (516–540)

Principality of Goa (c. 960–1345 CE)

• Shashthadeva I alis Kantakacharya (c. 960 CE), founder of dynasty
• Nagavarma
• Guhalladeva I
• Shashathadeva II
• Guhalladeva II (1038–1042)
• Veeravarmadeva ( 1042–1054)
• Jayakeshi I (1054–1080)
• Guhalladeva II alias Tribhuvanamalla (1080–1125)
• Vijayaditya I alias Vijayarka, (ruling prince up to 1104)
• Jayakeshi II (1125–1148)
• Shivachitta alis Paramadideva ( 1148–1179)
• Vishnuchitta alias Vijayaditya II (1179–1187)
• Jayakeshi III (1188–1216)
• Vajradeva alis Shivachitta (regin?)
• Sovideva alis Tribhuvanamalla (1216–1246?)
• Shashthadeva III (?1246–1265)
• Kamadeva (1265–1310), last known ruler of dynasty

Principality of Hangal (c. 980–1275 CE)

known rulers are-

• Chattadeva (980–1031), founder of dynasty
• Kamadeva
• Somadeva
• Mayuravarma

Other minor Kadamba principalities

Kadambas of Halasi

Kadambas of Bankapur

Kadambas of Bayalnad

Kadambas of Nagarkhanda

Kadambas of Uchchangi

Kadambas of Bayalnadu (Vainadu)

Chutu dynasty of Banavasi (c. 100 BCE–200 CE)

List of rulers of Banavasi

Vishnukundina dynasty of Denduluru (c. 420–624 CE)

List of rulers of Denduluru

Chalukya dynasty (c. 500–1200 CE)

Ruler		Reign	Capital
Jayasimha I		500–520	Badami
Ranaraga		520–540	Badami
Pulakeshin I		540–567	Badami
Kirtivarman I		567–592	Badami
Mangalesha		592–610	Badami
Pulakeshin II		610–642	Badami
Kubja Vishnuvardhana I		615/24–641	Vengi (Eastern)
Jayasimha I (II)		641–673	Vengi (Eastern)|
Adityavarman		642–645	Badami
Abhinavaditya		645–646	Badami
Chandraditya		646–649	Badami
Regency of Vijaya-Bhattarika (649–655)			Regent for her minor son. She was deposed by her brother-in-law.
A son of Chandraditya		649–655		Badami
Satyashraya		c.650-675	Vemulavada
Vikramaditya I		655–680	Badami
Indra Bhattaraka		673	Vengi (Eastern)
Vishnuvardhana II		673–682	Vengi (Eastern)
Prithvipathi		c.675-700	Vemulavada
Vinayaditya		680–696	Badami
Mangi Yuvaraja		682–706	Vengi (Eastern)
Vijayaditya I		696–733	Badami
Maharaja		c.700-725	Vemulavada
Jayasimha III		706–718	Vengi (Eastern)
Kokkli		718–719	Vengi (Eastern)
Vishnuvardhana III		719–755	Vengi (Eastern)
Rajaditya		c.725-750	Vemulavada
Vikramaditya II		733–746	Badami
Kirtivarman II Rahappa		746- 757	Badami
Vinayaditya Yuddhamalla I		c.750-775	Vemulavada
Vijayaditya I (II)		755–772	Vengi (Eastern)
Vishnuvardhana IV		755–808	Vengi (Eastern)
Arikesari I		c.775-800	Vemulavada
Narasimha I		c.800-825	Vemulavada
Vijayaditya II (III)		808–847	Vengi (Eastern)
Yuddhamalla II		c.825-850	Vemulavada
Kali Vishnuvardhana V		847–849	Vengi (Eastern)
Vijayaditya III (IV)	849–892	Vengi (Eastern)	Brothers, ruled together.
Vikramaditya I (III)				Vengi (Eastern)
Yuddhamalla I				Vengi (Eastern)
Baddega I Soladaganda		c.850-895	Vemulavada
Bhima I		892–921	Vengi (Eastern)
Yuddhamalla III		c.895-915	Vemulavada
Narasimha II		c.915-930	Vemulavada
Vijayaditya IV (V)		921	Vengi (Eastern)
Amma I		921–927	Vengi (Eastern)	Probably brothers, ruled jointly.
Vishnuvardhana VI			Vengi (Eastern)
Vijayaditya V (VI)		927	Vengi (Eastern)
Tadapa		927	Vengi (Eastern)
Vikramaditya II (IV)		927–928	Vengi (Eastern)
Bhima II		928–929	Vengi (Eastern)
Yuddhamalla II		929–935	Vengi (Eastern)
Arikesari II		c.930-941	Vemulavada
Bhima III		935–947	Vengi (Eastern)
Baddega II		941-946	Vemulavada	Ruled jointly.
Vagaraja		941-950	Vemulavada
Arikesari III		946/950-968	Vemulavada
Annexed to the Western Chalukya Empire
Amma II		947–970	Vengi (Eastern)
Danarnava		970–973	Vengi (Eastern)
Tailapa II Ahvamalla		973–997	Kalyani (Western)
Jata Choda Bhima		973–999	Vengi (Eastern)
Satyashraya		997–1008	Kalyani (Western)
Shaktivarman I		999–1011	Vengi (Eastern)
Vikramaditya V		1008–1015	Kalyani (Western)
Vimaladitya		1011–1018	Vengi (Eastern)
Jayasimha II (III)		1015–1043	Kalyani (Western)
Rajaraja Narendra		1018–1061	Vengi (Eastern)
Rajaraja had support in the throne from the Cholas, whose influence grew significantly. He supported Cholas against his cousins, the Western Chalukyas. His own son managed to succeed in the Chola Empire, in 1070, as Kulottunga I, beginning the Later Cholas period, in which the Chola Empire was ruled by a branch of the Eastern Chalukyas renamed Chola, which inherited Narendra's kingdom. It's possible, then, that the following rulers were governors for the Chola Emperor ruling Eastern Chalukya territory: Shaktivarman II (1061-1062); Vijayaditya VII (1062-1075), also son of Vimaladitya, but half-brother of Rajaraja Narendra. Ascended with support from Western Chalukyas. Rajaraja (1075-1079) Vishuvardhana VII (1079-1102), last known Chalukya ruler of Vengi.
Annexed to the Chola Empire (1061-1118); Annexed to the Western Chalukya Empire (since 1118)
Someshvara I Trilokyamalla		1042–1068	Kalyani (Western)
Someshvara II Bhuvanaikamalla		1068–1076	Kalyani (Western)
Vikramaditya VI Tribhuvanamalla		1076–1126	Kalyani (Western)
Someshvara III		1126–1138	Kalyani (Western)
Jagadhekamalla II		1138–1151	Kalyani (Western)
Tailapa III		1151–1164	Kalyani (Western)
Jagadhekamalla III		1164–1183	Kalyani (Western)
Someshvara IV		1183–1200	Kalyani (Western)
Annexed to the Seuna, Hoysala and the Kakatiya dynasties

Middle Kingdoms (c. 250s BCE – 550s CE)

Kingdom of the Deccan or Dakshinapath (Satavahana dynasty) (c. 228 BCE – 224 CE)

Satavahana kings

Kingdom of Kalinga (Mahameghavahana dynasty) (c. 225 BCE – 300 CE)

• Maharaja Vasu
• Maharaja Mahamegha Vahana
• Sobhanaraja
• Chandraja
• Ksemaraja
• Vakradeva (or) Virdhharaja
• Kharavela (c. 193 BCE–155 BCE)
• Kudepasiri Vakradeva ll
• Vaduka
• Galaveya
• Mana-Sada
• Siri-Sada
• Maha-Sada
• Sivamaka-Sada
• Asaka-Sada

Kingdom of Kangleipak (Manipur) (c. 200s BCE –1950 CE)

List of Manipuri kings

Kuninda Kingdom (c. 2nd century BCE to 3rd century CE)

The only known ruler of Kuninda Kingdom is:

• Amoghabhuti (late 2nd to early 1st century BCE)

Indo-Greek Kingdom (Yavanarajya) (c. 200 BCE – 10 CE)

List of Indo-Greek Kings

Indo-Scythian (Saka) ( c. 12 BCE – 395 CE)

List of Indo-Scythian dynasties and rulers

Kushan Empire (c. 1 – 375 CE)

List of Kushan emperors

Indo-Parthian (Pahalava) (c. 21 – 100 CE)

List of Indo-Parthian kings

Indo-Sasanian Kingdom (c. 233 – 365 CE)

List of Indo-Sasanian kings

Alchon Huns (Huna) (c. 400 – 670 CE)

List of Alchon Hun Kings

Chutu dynasty of Banavasi (c. 100 BCE–200 CE)

Kings of Banavasi

Khokhra chieftaincy (c. 64–1952 CE)

List of Nagvanshi chiefs

Kingdom of Padmavati (c. 170–350 CE)

Kings of Padmavati

Principality of Samatata (Chandra dynasty) (c. 202–1050 CE)

Prince of Samatata

Kingdom of Abhira (203–370 CE)

• Abhira Sivadatta
• Sakasena alias Saka Satakrni
• Abhira Ishwarsena alias Mahaksatrapa Isvaradatta
• Abhira Vashishthiputra Vasusena

Principality of Khoh (c. 221–1028 CE)

Prince of Khoh

Second Magadha Empire (c. 240 – 750 CE)

• Imperial Guptas
• Later Guptas

Vakataka dynasty (c. 250–500 CE)

Vakataka family tree

Kingdom of Malwa (c. 300 – 550 CE)

List of monarchs of Malwa (Aulikara dynasty)

Kingdom of Kamarupa (350–650 CE)

Kings of Kamarupa

Principality of Talakad (Western Gangas) (350–1424 CE)

Prince of Talakad

Kingdom of Kalinga (Eastern Gangas)

Kings of Kalinga (Eastern Gangas)

Other minor Ganga states

Principality of Gudari Kataka

According to Gangavansucharitam written in sixteenth or seventeenth century, Bhanu Deva IV also known as Kajjala Bhanu founded a new small princedom in southern Odisha at Gudari in modern Rayagada district after he was toppled from power by his general Kapilendra Deva.

• Kajjala Bhanu (or Bhanu Deva IV)
• Svarna Bhanu
• Kalasandha Deva
• Chudanga Deva
• Harimani Deva
• Narasimha Deva
• Ananta Deva
• Padmanabha Deva
• Pitambara Deva
• Vasudeva
• Purrushottama Anangabhima Deva (or Bhima Deva)

Principality of Chikiti (c. 881–1950 CE)

Prince of Chikiti

Parlakhemundi Estate#Rulers (c. 1309–1950)

Zamindars of Parlakhemundi

Principality of Aparanta (Traikutaka dynasty) (c. 370–520 CE)

Prince of Aparanta

Kingdom of Vallabhi (Maitraka dynasty) (c. 475–776 CE)

Kings of Vallabhi

Kingdom of Sindh (Rai dynasty) (c. 489–632 CE)

Kings of Sindh (Rai)

Kabul Shahi Kingdom (c. 500–1026 CE)

In Kabul Shahi Kingdom two dynasties ruled (both were Hindu dynasties):

• Turk Shahi (c. 500–850 CE)
• Hindu Shahi (c. 850–1026 CE)

Principality of Thanesar (Pushyabhuti dynasty) (c. 500 – 647 CE)

Prince of Thanesar

Jaintia Kingdom (c. 525–1835 CE)

Rulers of Jantia

Early Medieval Period (c. 550s CE – c. 1200s CE)

Kalachuri dynasties (c. 550 – 1225 CE)

Kingdom of Malwa (Early Kalachuris) (c. 550 – 625 CE)

Kings of Malwa (Kalachuri)

Kalachuri dynasty of Tripuri/Chedi (Later Kalachuris) (c. 675 – 1212 CE)

Rulers-

• Vamaraja-deva (675–700 CE), founder of dynasty
• Shankaragana I (750–775 CE)
• Lakshmana-raja I (825–850 CE)
• Kokalla I (850–890 CE); his younger son established the Ratnapura Kalachuri branch
• Shankaragana II (890–910 CE), alias Mugdhatunga
• Balaharsha (910–915 CE)
• Yuvaraja-deva I (915–945 CE)
• Lakshmana-raja II (945–970 CE)
• Shankaragana III (970–980 CE)
• Yuvaraja-deva II (980–990 CE)
• Kokalla II (990–1015 CE)
• Gangeya-deva (1015–1041 CE)
• Lakshmi-karna (1041–1073 CE), alias Karna
• Yashah-karna (1073–1123 CE)
• Gaya-karna (1123–1153 CE)
• Nara-simha (1153–1163 CE)
• Jaya-simha (1163–1188 CE)
• Vijaya-simha (1188–1210 CE)
• Trailokya-malla (c. 1210– at least 1212 CE), last ruler

Kalachuri dynasty of Ratnapura (c. 1000 – 1225 CE)

The following is a list of the Ratnapura Kalachuri rulers, with estimated period of their reigns:

• Kalinga-raja (1000–1020 CE), founder of dynasty
• Kamala-raja (1020–1045 CE)
• Ratna-raja (1045–1065 CE), alias Ratna-deva I
• Prithvi-deva I (1065–1090 CE), alias Prithvisha
• Jajalla-deva I (1090–1120 CE) (declared independence)
• Ratna-Deva II (1120–1135 CE)
• Prithvi-deva II (1135–1165 CE)
• Jajalla-deva II (1165–1168 CE)
• Jagad-deva (1168–1178 CE)
• Ratna-deva III (1178–1200 CE)
• Pratapa-malla (1200–1225 CE)
• Parmardi Dev (governor of Eastern Gangas)

Kalachuri dynasty of Kalyani (Southern Kalachuris) (c. 1130 – 1184 CE)

Rulers-

• Bijjala II (1130–1167), proclaimed independence from Kalyani Chalukyas in 1162 CE
• Sovideva (1168–1176)
• Mallugi, overthrown by his brother Sankama
• Sankama (1176–1180)
• Ahavamalla (1180–83)
• Singhana (1183–84), last ruler

Patola/Gilgit Shahi dynasty (c. 550 – 750 CE)

Regin of known rulers is disputed-

• Somana (Mid 6th century CE)
• Vajraditayanandin (585–605 CE)
• Vikramadityanandin (605–625 CE)
• Surendravikramadityanandin (625–644 or 654 CE)
• Navasurendrāditya-nandin (644 or 654–685 CE)
• Jayamaṅgalavikramāditya-nandin (685–710 CE)
• Nandivikramadityanandin (710–715 CE)
• Su-fu-che-li-chi-li-ni (name by foreign sources) (715–720 CE)
• Surendradityanandin (720–740 or 750 CE), last known ruler

Gurjara-Pratihara Empire (c. 550 – 1036 CE)

Pratiharas of Mandavyapura (Mandor) (c. 550 – 860 CE)

R. C. Majumdar, on the other hand, assumed a period of 25 years for each generation, and placed him in c. 550 CE. The following is a list of the dynasty's rulers (IAST names in brackets) and estimates of their reigns, assuming a period of 25 years.

• Harichandra (Haricandra) alias Rohilladhi (r. c. 550 CE), founder of dynasty
• Rajilla (r. c. 575 CE)
• Narabhatta (Narabhaṭa) alias Pellapelli (r. c. 600 CE)
• Nagabhata (Nāgabhaṭa) alias Nahada (r. c. 625 CE)
• Tata (Tāta) and Bhoja (r. c. 650 CE)
• Yashovardhana (Yaśovardhana) (r. c. 675 CE)
• Chanduka (Canduka) (r. c. 700 CE)
• Shiluka (Śīluka) alias Silluka (r. c. 725 CE)
• Jhota (r. c. 750 CE)
• Bhilladitya alias Bhilluka (r. c. 775 CE)
• Kakka (r. c. 800 CE)
• Bauka (Bāuka) (r. c. 825 CE)
• Kakkuka (r. c. 861 CE), last ruler

Imperial Pratiharas of Kannauj (c. 730 – 1036 CE)

List of rulers–

Other Pratihara Branches

Baddoch Branch (c. 600 – 700 CE)

Known Baddoch rulers are-

• Dhaddha 1 (600–627)
• Dhaddha 2 (627–655)
• Jaibhatta (655–700)

Rajogarh Branch

Badegujar were rulers of Rajogarh

• Parmeshver Manthandev, (885–915)
• No records found after Parmeshver Manthandev

Chahamana (Chauhan) dynasties (c. 551 – 1315 CE)

The ruling dynasties belonging to the Chauhan clan included–

• Chahamanas of Shakambhari (Chauhans of Ajmer) (c. 551 – 1194 CE)
• Chahamanas of Naddula (Chauhans of Nadol) (c. 950 – 1197 CE)
• Chahamanas of Jalor (c. 1160 – 1311 CE), branched off from the Chahamanas of Naddula
• Chahamanas of Ranastambhapura (c. 1192 – 1301 CE), branched off from the Chahamanas of Shakambhari
• Chahamanas of Chandravati and Abu (Kingdom of Sirohi) (c. 1311 – 1949 CE)
• Chahamanas of Lata
• Chahamanas of Dholpur
• Chahamanas of Partabgarh
• Hada Chauhan kingdoms of Hadoti region are–
  • Kingdom of Bundi (c. 1342 – 1949 CE)
  • Kingdom of Kota (c. 1579 – 1948 CE)
  • Kingdom of Jhalawar (c. 1838 – 1949 CE), branched off from the Kingdom of Kota in 1838 CE.

Chahamanas of Sambhar Ajmer and Delhi (c. 551 – 1194 CE)

Following is a list of Chahamana rulers of Shakambhari, Ajmer and Delhi with approximate period of reign, as estimated historian by R. B. Singh:

Chahamanas of Naddula (c. 950 – 1197 CE)

Following is a list of Chahmana rulers of Naddula, with approximate period of reign, as estimated by R. B. Singh:

Chahamanas of Jalor (c. 1160 – 1311 CE)

The Chahamana rulers of the Jalor branch, with their estimated periods of reign, are as follows:

Virama-deva (1311 CE) was last ruler of dynasty, crowned during the Siege of Jalore, but died 21⁄2 days later.

Chahamanas of Ranastambhapura (c. 1192 – 1301 CE)

Kingdom of Mewar (c. 566 – 1947 CE)

In the 6th century, three different Guhila dynasties are known to have ruled in present-day Rajasthan:

1. Guhilas of Nagda-Ahar– most important branch and future ruling dynasty of Mewar.
2. Guhilas of Kishkindha (modern Kalyanpur)
3. Guhilas of Dhavagarta (modern Dhor)

Guhila dynasty (c. 566 – 1303 CE)

Branching of Guhil dynasty

During reign of Rawal Ran Singh (1158–1168), the Guhil dynasty got divided into two branches.

First (Rawal Branch)

Rawal Khshem Singh (1168–1172), son of Ran Singh, ruled over Mewar by building Rawal Branch.

Second (Rana Branch)

Rahapa, the second son of Ran Singh started the Rana Branch by establishing Sisoda bases. Later Hammir Singh of Sisoda base started main Sisodia or Mewar dynasty in 1326 CE.

Rana branch rulers (c. 1168 – 1326 CE)

"Rahapa", a son of Ranasimha alias Karna, established the Rana branch. According to the 1652 Eklingji inscription, Rahapa's successors were:

Sisodia dynasty (c. 1326 – 1947 CE)

Picture	King (Maharana)	Reign
	Hammir Singh	1326–1364
	Kshetra Singh	1364–1382
	Lakha Singh	1382–1421
	Mokal Singh	1421–1433
	Rana Kumbha	1433–1468
	Udai Singh I	1468–1473
	Rana Raimal	1473–1508
	Rana Sanga	1508–1527
	Ratan Singh II	1528–1531
	Vikramaditya Singh	1531–1536
	Vanvir Singh	1536–1540
	Udai Singh II	1540–1572
	Maharana Pratap	1572–1597
	Amar Singh I	1597–1620
	Karan Singh II	1620–1628
	Jagat Singh I	1628–1652
	Raj Singh I	1652–1680
	Jai Singh	1680–1698
	Amar Singh II	1698–1710
	Sangram Singh II	1710–173
	Jagat Singh II	1734–1751
	Pratap Singh II	1751–1754
	Raj Singh II	1754–1762
	Ari Singh II	1762–1772
	Hamir Singh II	1772–1778
	Bhim Singh	1778–1828
	Jawan Singh	1828–1838
	Sardar Singh	1838–1842
	Swarup Singh	1842–1861
	Shambhu Singh	1861–1874
	Sajjan Singh	1874–1884
	Fateh Singh	1884–1930
	Bhupal Singh	1930–1948 1948-1955 (titular)
	Titular Maharanas
	Bhagwat Singh	1955–1984
	Mahendra Singh	1984–2024
	Vishvaraj Singh	2024–present

Gauda Kingdom (c. 590 – 626 CE)

• Shashanka (590–625 CE), first recorded independent king of Bengal, created the first unified political entity in Bengal
• Manava (625–626 CE), ruled for 8 months before being conquered by Harshavardhana and Bhaskarvarman

Karkota dynasty of Kashmir (c. 625–855 CE)

• Durlabhavardhana (625–662), (founder of the dynasty)
• Durlabhaka or Pratipaditya (662–712)
• Chandrapeeda or Varnaditya (712–720)
• Tarapida or Udayaditya (720–724)
• Lalitaditya Muktapida (724–760), (built the famous Martand Sun Temple in Kashmir)
• Kuvalayaditya (760–761)
• Vajraditya or Bapyayika or Lalitapida (761–768)
• Prithivyapida I (768–772)
• Sangramapida (772–779)
• Jayapida (also Pandit and poet) (779–813)
• Lalitapida (813–825)
• Sangramapida II (825–832)
• Chipyata-Jayapida (832–885), (last ruler of dynasty)

Other puppet rulers under Utpala dynasty are

• Ajitapida
• Anangapida
• Utpalapida
• Sukhavarma

Chacha dynasty of Sindh (c. 632–724 CE)

The known rulers of the Brahman dynasty are:

• Chach (632–671 CE)
• Chandar (671–679 CE)
• Dahir (679–712 CE)

Under the Umayyad Caliphate

• Dahirsiya (679–709 CE) from Brahmanabad
• Hullishāh (712–724 CE)
• Shishah (until 724 CE)

Mlechchha dynasty of Kamarupa (650–900 CE)

• Salastamba (650–670), founder of dynasty
• Vijaya alias Vigrahastambha
• Palaka
• Kumara
• Vajradeva
• Harshadeva alias Harshavarman (725–745)
• Balavarman II
• Jivaraja
• Digleswaravarman
• Salambha
• Harjjaravarman (815–832)
• Vanamalavarmadeva (832–855)
• Jayamala alias Virabahu (855–860)
• Balavarman III (860–880)
• Tyagasimha (890–900), last ruler of dynasty

Garhwal Kingdom (c. 688–1949 CE)

Mola Ram the 18th century painter, poet, historian and diplomat of Garhwal wrote the historical work Garhrajvansh Ka Itihas (History of the Garhwal royal dynasty) which is the only source of information about several Garhwal rulers.

Mallabhum (Bishnupur) kingdom (c. 694–1947 CE)

Mallabhum kingdom or Bishnupur kingdom was the kingdom ruled by the Malla kings of Bishnupur, primarily in the present Bankura district in Indian state of West Bengal. (also known as Mallabhoom),

Chand Kingdom of Kumaon (700–1790 CE)

Badri Datt Pandey, in his book Kumaun Ka Itihaas lists the Chand kings as following:

Karttikeyapur (Katyur) Kingdom (700–1065 CE)

The period of certain Katyuri rulers, is generally determined as below, although there is some ambiguity in respect to exact number of years ruled by each King

List–

• Vasu Dev (700–849 CE)
• Basantana Dev (850–870 CE)
• Kharpar Dev (870–880 CE)
• Abhiraj Dev (880–890 CE)
• Tribhuvanraj Dev (890–900 CE)
• Nimbarta Dev (900–915 CE)
• Istanga (915–930 CE)
• Lalitasura Dev (930–955 CE)
• Bhu Dev (955–970 CE)
• Salonaditya (970–985 CE)
• Ichchhata Dev (985–1000 CE)
• Deshat Dev (1000–1015 CE)
• Padmata Dev (1015–1045 CE)
• Subhiksharaja Dev (1045–1060 CE)
• Dham Dev (1060–1064 CE)
• Bir Dev (Very short period until 1065 CE)

Varman dynasty of Kannauj (c. 725–770 CE)

• Yashovarman (c. 725–752 CE), founder of dynasty
• Āma
• Dunduka
• Bhoja (ruled until 770 CE), last ruler of dynasty.

Rashtrakuta Empire of Manyakheta (c. 735–982 CE)

• Dantidurga (735–756 CE), founder of dynasty
• Krishna I (756–774 CE)
• Govinda II (774–780 CE)
• Dhruva Dharavarsha (780–793 CE)
• Govinda III (793–814 CE)
• Amoghavarsha I (814–878 CE), he was the founded of Manyakheta city, which became the capital of the dynasty.
• Krishna II (878–914 CE)
• Indra III (914–929 CE)
• Amoghavarsha II (929–932 CE)
• Govinda IV (930–935 CE)
• Amoghavarsha III (934–939 CE)
• Krishna III (939–967 CE)
• Khottiga Amoghavarsha (967–972 CE)
• Karka II or Amoghhavarsha IV (972–973 CE)
• Indra IV (973–982 CE), was the only a claimer for the lost throne.

Tomar dynasty of Delhi (c. 736–1151 CE)

Various historical texts provide different lists of the Tomara kings:

• Khadag Rai's history of Gwalior (Gopācala ākhyāna) names 18 Tomara kings, plus Prithvi Pala (who is probably the Chahamana king Prithviraja III). According to Khadag Rai, Delhi was originally ruled by the legendary king Vikramaditya. It was deserted for 792 years after his death, until Bilan Dev of Tomara dynasty re-established the city (in 736 CE).
• The Kumaon-Garhwal manuscript names only 15 rulers of "Toar" dynasty, and dates the beginning of their rule to 789 CE (846 Vikram Samvat).
• Abul Fazl's Ain-i-Akbari (Bikaner manuscript, edited by Syed Ahmad Khan) names 19 Tomara kings. It places the first Tomara king in 372 CE (429 Vikram Samvat). It might be possible that the era mentioned in the original source used by Abul Fazl was Gupta era, which starts from 318 to 319 CE; Abul Fazl might have mistaken this era to be Vikrama Samvat. If this is true, then the first Tomara king can be dated to 747 CE (429+318), which is better aligned with the other sources.

As stated earlier, the historians doubt the claim that the Tomaras established Delhi in 736 CE.

Another resource tells that the son of King Mukundpal Tomar, King Prithvipal Tomar had a son named King Govind Raj Tomar ruled for 1189 to 1192 .

Pala dynasty of Bengal (c. 750 – 1174 CE)

Most of the Pala inscriptions mention only the regnal year as the date of issue, without any well-known calendar era. Because of this, the chronology of the Pala kings is hard to determine. Based on their different interpretations of the various epigraphs and historical records, different historians estimate the Pala chronology as follows:

Note:

• Earlier historians believed that Vigrahapala I and Shurapala I were the two names of the same person. Now, it is known that these two were cousins; they either ruled simultaneously (perhaps over different territories) or in rapid succession.
• AM Chowdhury rejects Govindapala and his successor Palapala as the members of the imperial Pala dynasty.
• According to BP Sinha, the Gaya inscription can be read as either the "14th year of Govindapala's reign" or "14th year after Govindapala's reign". Thus, two sets of dates are possible.

Shilahara dynasty (765–1265 CE)

Shilahara Kingdom was split into three branches:

• First branch ruled North Konkan
• Second branch ruled South Konkan (between 765 and 1029 CE)
• Third branch ruled in modern districts of Kolhapur, Satara and Belgaum (between 940 and 1215 CE) after which they were overwhelmed by the Yadavas.

South Konkan branch (c. 765–1020 CE)

List of rulers–

1. Sanaphulla (765–795 CE)
2. Dhammayira (795–820 CE)
3. Aiyaparaja (820–845 CE)
4. Avasara I (845–870 CE)
5. Adityavarma (870–895 CE)
6. Avasara II (895–920 CE)
7. Indraraja (920–945 CE)
8. Bhima (945–970 CE)
9. Avasara III (970–995 CE)
10. Rattaraja (995–1020 CE)

North Konkan (Thane) branch (c. 800–1265 CE)

List of rulers–

1. Kapardin I (800–825 CE)
2. Pullashakti (825–850 CE)
3. Kapardin II (850–880 CE)
4. Vappuvanna (880–910 CE)
5. Jhanjha (910–930 CE)
6. Goggiraja (930–945 CE)
7. Vajjada I (945–965 CE)
8. Chhadvaideva (965–975 CE)
9. Aparajita (975–1010 CE)
10. Vajjada II (1010–1015 CE)
11. Arikesarin (1015–1022 CE)
12. Chhittaraja (1022–1035 CE)
13. Nagarjuna (1035–1045 CE)
14. Mummuniraja (1045–1070 CE)
15. Ananta Deva I (1070–1127 CE)
16. Aparaditya I (1127–1148 CE)
17. Haripaladeva (1148–1155 CE)
18. Mallikarjuna (1155–1170 CE)
19. Aparaditya II ( 1170–1197 CE)
20. Ananta Deva II (1198–1200 CE)
21. Keshideva II (1200–1245 CE)
22. Ananta Deva III (1245–1255 CE)
23. Someshvara (1255–1265 CE), last ruler of dynasty

Kolhapur branch (c. 940–1212 CE)

List of rulers–

1. Jatiga I (940–960 CE)
2. Naivarman (960–980 CE)
3. Chandra (980–1000 CE)
4. Jatiga II (1000–1020 CE)
5. Gonka (1020–1050 CE)
6. Guhala I (1050 CE)
7. Kirtiraja (1050 CE)
8. Chandraditya (1050 CE)
9. Marsimha (1050–1075 CE)
10. Guhala II (1075–1085 CE)
11. Bhoja I (1085–1100 CE)
12. Ballala (1100–1108 CE)
13. Gonka II (1108 CE)
14. Gandaraditya I (1108–1138 CE)
15. Vijayaditya I (1138–1175 CE)
16. Bhoja II (1175–1212 CE)

Ayudha dynasty of Kannauj (c. 770–810 CE)

• Vajrayudha (770–783), founder of dynasty
• Indrayudha
• Chakrayudha (until 810)

Chandela dynasty of Jejakabhukti (c. 831–1315 CE)

The Chandelas of Jejakabhukti were a dynasty in Central India. They ruled much of the Bundelkhand region (then called Jejakabhukti) between the 9th and the 13th centuries.

Based on epigraphic records, the historians have come up with the following list of Chandela rulers of Jejākabhukti (IAST names in brackets):

• Nannuka, (c. 831-845 CE)
• Vakpati (Vākpati), (c. 845-865 CE)
• Jayashakti (Jayaśakti) and Vijayashakti (Vijayaśakti), (c. 865-885 CE)
• Rahila (Rāhila), (c. 885-905 CE)
• Shri Harsha (Śri Harśa), (c. 905-925 CE)
• Yasho-Varman (Yaśovarman), (c. 925-950 CE)
• Dhanga-Deva (Dhaṅgadeva), (c. 950-999 CE)
• Ganda-Deva (Gaṇḍadeva), (c. 999-1002 CE)
• Vidyadhara (Vidyādhara), (c. 1003-1035 CE)
• Vijaya-Pala (Vijayapāla), (c. 1035-1050 CE)
• Deva-Varman, (c. 1050-1060 CE)
• Kirtti-Varman (Kīrtivarman), (c. 1060-1100 CE)
• Sallakshana-Varman (Sallakṣaṇavarman), (c. 1100-1110 CE)
• Jaya-Varman, (c. 1110-1120 CE)
• Prithvi-Varman (Pṛthvīvarman), (c. 1120-1128 CE)
• Madana-Varman, (c. 1128-1165 CE)
• Yasho-Varman II (c. 1164-65 CE); did not rule or ruled for a very short time
• Paramardi-Deva, (c. 1165-1203 CE)
• Trailokya-Varman, (c. 1203-1245 CE)
• Vira-Varman (Vīravarman), (c. 1245-1285 CE)
• Bhoja-Varman, (c. 1285-1288 CE)
• Hammira-Varman (Hammīravarman), (c. 1288-1311 CE)
• Vira-Varman II (c. 1311–1315 CE) (an obscure ruler with low titles, attested by only one 1315 CE inscription)

Seuna (Yadava) dynasty of Devagiri (c. 850–1334 CE)

• Dridhaprahara
• Seunachandra (850–874)
• Dhadiyappa (874–900)
• Bhillama I (900–925)
• Vadugi (Vaddiga) (950–974)
• Dhadiyappa II (974–975)
• Bhillama II (975–1005)
• Vesugi I (1005–1020)
• Bhillama III (1020–1055)
• Vesugi II (1055–1068)
• Bhillama III (1068)
• Seunachandra II (1068–1085)
• Airamadeva (1085–1115)
• Singhana I (1115–1145)
• Mallugi I (1145–1150)
• Amaragangeyya (1150–1160)
• Govindaraja (1160)
• Amara Mallugi II (1160–1165)
• Kaliya Ballala (1165–1173)
• Bhillama V (1173–1192), proclaimed independence from Kalyani Chalukya
• Jaitugi I (1192–1200)
• Singhana II (1200–1247)
• Kannara (1247–1261)
• Mahadeva (1261–1271)
• Amana (1271)
• Ramachandra (1271–1312)
• Singhana III (1312–1313)
• Harapaladeva (1313–1318)
• Mallugi III (1318–1334)

Paramara dynasty of Malwa (c. 9th century to 1305 CE)

According to historical 'Kailash Chand Jain', "Knowledge of the early Paramara rulers from Upendra to Vairisimha is scanty; there are no records, and they are known only from later sources." The Paramara rulers mentioned in the various inscriptions and literary sources include:

After death of Mahalakadeva in 1305 CE, Paramara dynasty rule was ended in Malwa region, but not in other Parmar states.

Utpala dynasty of Kashmir (c. 855 – 1009 CE)

Didda (c. 980 – 1003 CE) placed Samgrāmarāja, son of her brother on the throne, who became founder of the Lohara dynasty.

Somavamshi dynasty (c. 882 – 1110 CE)

Historian Krishna Chandra Panigrahi provides the following chronology of the later Somavamshis:

Pala dynasty of Kamarupa (c. 900 – 1100 CE)

Paramara dynasty of Chandravati (Abu) (c. 910 – 1220 CE)

The following is a list of Paramara rulers of Chandravati, with approximate regnal years, as estimated by epigraphist H. V. Trivedi. The rulers are sons of their predecessors unless noted otherwise:

Kingdom of Ladakh (c. 930 – 1842 CE)

Maryul dynasty of Ngari (c. 930 – 1460 CE)

Known Maryul rulers are-

• Lhachen Palgyigon (c. 930 CE)
• Lhachen Utpala (c. 1110 CE)

Namgyal dynasty (Gyalpo of Ladakh) (c. 1460 – 1842 CE)

The kings of the Namgyal dynasty along with their periods of reign are as follows:

• Lhachen Bhagan (c. 1460–1485)
• Unknown ruler (c. 1485–1510)
• Lata Jughdan (c. 1510–1535)
• Kunga Namgyal I (c. 1535–1555)
• Tashi Namgyal (c. 1555–1575)
• Tsewang Namgyal I (c. 1575–1595)
• Namgyal Gonpo (c.1595–1600)
• Jamyang Namgyal (c. 1595–1616)
• Sengge Namgyal (first rule, c. 1616–1623)
• Norbu Namgyal (c. 1623–1624)
• Sengge Namgyal (second rule, c. 1624–1642)
• Deldan Namgyal (c. 1642–1694)
• Delek Namgyal (c. 1680–1691)
• Nyima Namgyal (c. 1694–1729)
• Deskyong Namgyal (c. 1729–1739)
• Phuntsog Namgyal (c. 1739–1753)
• Tsewang Namgyal II (c. 1753–1782)
• Tseten Namgyal (c. 1782–1802)
• Tsepal Dondup Namgyal (c. 1802–1837, 1839–1840)
• Kunga Namgyal II (c. 1840–1842)

Later Ladakh was conquered by Sikh Empire in 1842 CE.

Solanki dynasty (Chaulukyas of Gujarat) (c. 940–1244 CE)

The Chalukya rulers of Gujarat, with approximate dates of reign, are as follows:

• Mularaja (c. 940 – c. 995)
• Chamundaraja (c. 996 – c. 1008)
• Vallabharaja (c. 1008)
• Durlabharaja (c. 1008 – c. 1022)
• Bhima I (c. 1022 – c. 1064)
• Karna (c. 1064 – c. 1092)
• Jayasimha Siddharaja (c. 1092 – c. 1142)
• Kumarapala (c. 1142 – c. 1171)
• Ajayapala (c. 1171 – c. 1175)
• Mularaja II (c. 1175 – c. 1178)
• Bhima II (c. 1178 – c. 1240)
• Tribhuvanapala (c. 1240 – c. 1244)

Kachchhapaghata dynasty (c. 950–1150 CE)

Simhapaniya (Sihoniya) and Gopadri (Gwalior) branch

• Lakshmana (r. c. 950–975), first ruler of dynasty
• Vajradaman (r. c. 975–1000)
• Mangalaraja (r. c. 1000–1015)
• Kirtiraja (r. c. 1015–1035)
• Muladeva (r. c. 1035–1055)
• Devapala (r. c. 1055–1085)
• Padmapala (r. c. 1085–1090)
• Mahipala (r. c. 1090–1105)
• Ratnapala (r. c. 1105–1130)
• Ajayapala (r. c. 1192–1194)
• Sulakshanapala (r. c. 1196)

Dubkund (Dobha) branch

• Yuvaraja (r. c. 1000)
• Arjuna (r. c. 1015–1035)
• Abhimanyu (r. c. 1035–1045)
• Vijayapala (r. c. 1045–1070)
• Vikramasimha (r. c. 1070–1100)

Nalapura (Narwar) branch

• Gaganasimha (r. c. 1075–1090)
• Sharadasimha (r. c. 1090–1105)
• Virasimha (r. c. 1105–1125)
• Tejaskarana (r. c. 1125–1150), last ruler of dynasty

Kachwaha dynasty (c. 966–1949 CE)

Kachwahas King Sorha Dev and Dulha Rao defeated Meena of Dhundhar kingdom and established the Kachwaha dynasty, which ruled for more than 1000 years & still ruling in Jaipur district of Rajasthan.

Rulers

• 27 Dec 966 – 15 Dec 1006 Sorha Dev (d. 1006)
• 15 Dec 1006 – 28 Nov 1036 Dulha Rao (d. 1036)
• 28 Nov 1036 – 20 Apr 1039 Kakil (d. 1039)
• 21 Apr 1039 – 28 Oct 1053 Hanu (d. 1053)
• 28 Oct 1053 – 21 Mar 1070 Janddeo (d. 1070)
• 22 Mar 1070 – 20 May 1094 Pajjun Rai (d. 1094)
• 20 May 1094 – 15 Feb 1146 Malayasi (d. 1146)
• 15 Feb 1146 – 25 Jul 1179 Vijaldeo (d. 1179)
• 25 Jul 1179 – 16 Dec 1216 Rajdeo (d. 1216)
• 16 Dec 1216 – 18 Oct 1276 Kilhan (d. 1276)
• 18 Oct 1276 – 23 Jan 1317 Kuntal (d. 1317)
• 23 Jan 1317 – 6 Nov 1366 Jonsi (d. 1366)
• 6 Nov 1366 – 11 Feb 1388 Udaikarn (d. 1388)
• 11 Feb 1388 – 16 Aug 1428 Narsingh (d. 1428)
• 16 Aug 1428 – 20 Sep 1439 Banbir (d. 1439)
• 20 Sep 1439 – 10 Dec 1467 Udharn (d. 1467)
• 10 Dec 1467 – 17 Jan 1503 Chandrasen (d. 1503)
• 17 Jan 1503 – 4 Nov 1527 Prithviraj Singh I (d. 1527)
• 5 Nov 1527 – 19 Jan 1534 Puranmal (d. 1534)
• 19 Jan 1534 – 22 Jul 1537 Bhim Singh (d. 1537)
• 22 Jul 1537 – 15 May 1548 Ratan Singh (d. 1548)
• 15 May 1548 – 1 June 1548 Askaran (d. 1599)
• 1 Jun 1548 – 27 Jan 1574 Bharmal (d. 1574)
• 27 Jan 1574 – 4 Dec 1589 Bhagwant Das (b. 1527 – d. 1589)
• 4 Dec 1589 – 6 Jul 1614 Man Singh (b. 1550 – d. 1614)
• 6 Jul 1614 – 13 Dec 1621 Bhau Singh (d. 1621)
• 13 Dec 1621 – 28 Aug 1667 Jai Singh I (b. 1611 – d. 1667)
• 10 Sep 1667 – 30 Apr 1688: Ram Singh I (b. 1640 – d. 1688)
• 30 Apr 1688 – 19 Dec 1699: Bishan Singh (b. 1672 – d. 1699)
• 19 Dec 1699 – 21 Sep 1743: Jai Singh II (b. 1688 – d. 1743)
• 1743 – 12 Dec 1750: Ishwari Singh (b. 1721 – d. 1750)
• Dec 1750 – 6 Mar 1768: Madho Singh I (b. 1728 – d. 1768)
• 7 Mar 1768 – 16 Apr 1778: Prithvi Singh II
• 1778 – 1803: Pratap Singh (b. 1764 – d. 1803)
• 1803 – 21 Nov 1818: Jagat Singh II (b. ... – d. 1818)
• 22 Dec 1818 – 25 Apr 1819: Mohan Singh (regent) (b. 1809 – d. ...)
• 25 Apr 1819 – 6 Feb 1835: Jai Singh III (b. 1819 – d. 1835)
• Feb 1835 – 18 Sep 1880: Ram Singh II (b. 1835 – d. 1880)
• 18 Sep 1880 – 7 Sep 1922: Madho Singh II (b. 1861 – d. 1922)
• 7 Sep 1922 – 15 Aug 1947 (subsidiary): Sawai Man Singh II (b. 1912 – d. 1970)
• 15 Aug 1947 – 7 Apr 1949 (independent): Sawai Man Singh II (b. 1912 – d. 1970)

He was the last ruler of Kachawa dynasty, he annexed Jaipur State with Union of India in 1949 CE.

Titular rulers

• 7 Apr 1949 – 24 Jun 1970: Sawai Man Singh II
• 24 Jun 1970 – 28 Dec 1971: Sawai Bhawani Singh (b. 1931 – d. 2011)

Titles were abolished in 1971 according to the 26th amendment to the Indian Constitution.

• 28 Dec 1971 – 17 Apr 2011: Sawai Bhawani Singh (b. 1931 – d. 2011)
• 17 Apr 2011 – present: Padmanabh Singh (b. 1998)

Hoysala Empire (c. 1000–1343 CE)

• Nripa Kama (1000–1045)

Lohara dynasty of Kashmir (c. 1003–1320 CE)

The Lohara dynasty were Hindu rulers of Kashmir from the Khasa tribe, in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, between 1003 and approximately 1320 CE. The dynasty was founded by the Samgramaraja, the grandson of Khasha chief Simharaja and the nephew of the Utpala dynasty Queen Didda.

First Lohara dynasty

Second Lohara dynasty

• Radda (Shankharaja)
• Salhana
• Sussala
• Bhikshachara
• Sussala (2nd reign)
• Jayasimha (Sinha-deva)

Khasa Malla Kingdom (c. 10th to 14th century CE)

The list of Khas Malla kings mentioned by Giuseppe Tucci is in the following succession up to Prithvi Malla:

List–

• Nāgarāja, (first known ruler of dynasty)
• Chaap/Cāpa
• Chapilla/Cāpilla
• Krashichalla
• Kradhichalla
• Krachalla Deva (1207–1223 CE)
• Ashoka Challa (1223–1287)
• Jitari Malla
• Ananda Malla
• Ripu Malla (1312–1313)
• Sangrama Malla
• Aditya Malla
• Kalyana Malla
• Pratapa Malla
• Punya Malla
• Prithvi Malla
• Abhaya Malla (14th century), (last ruler of dynasty)

Naga dynasty of Kalahandi (1005 – 1947 CE)

• Raghunath Sai (1005–1040)
• Pratap Narayan Deo (1040–1072)
• Birabar Deo (1072–1108)
• Jugasai Deo I (1108–1142)
• Udenarayan Deo (1142–1173)
• Harichandra Deo (1173–1201)
• Ramachandra Deo (1201–1234)
• Gopinath Deo (1234–1271)
• Balabhadra Deo (1271–1306
• Raghuraj Deo (1306–1337)
• Rai Singh Deo I (1337–1366)
• Haria Deo (1366–1400)
• Jugasai Deo II (1400–1436)
• Pratap Narayan Deo II (1436–1468)
• Hari Rudra Deo (1468–1496)
• Anku Deo (1496–1528)
• Pratap Deo (1528–1564)
• Raghunath Deo (1564–1594)
• Biswambhar Deo (1594–1627)
• Rai Singh Deo II (1627–1658)
• Dusmant Deo (1658–1693)
• Jugasai Deo III (1693–1721)
• Khadag Rai Deo (1721–1747)
• Rai Singh Deo III (1747–1771)
• Purusottam Deo (1771–1796)
• Jugasai Dei IV (1796–1831)
• Fateh Narayan Deo (1831–1853)
• Udit Pratap Deo I (1853–1881)
• Raghu Keshari De (1894–1897)
• Court of Wards (1897–1917)
• Brajamohan Deo (1917–1939)
• Pratap Keshari Deo (1939–1947)

Sena dynasty of Bengal (1070 – 1230 CE)

Kakatiya dynasty (1083–1323)

• Beta I (1000–1030)
• Prola I (1030–1075)
• Beta II (1075–1110)
• Prola II (1110–1158)
• Prataparudra I/Rudradeva I (1158–1195).
• Mahadeva (1195–1198).
• Ganapati deva (1199–1261)
• Rudrama Devi (1262–1296)
• Prataparudra II/ Rudradeva II (1296–1323).

Gahadavala dynasty (1072–1237)

List of rulers–

• Chandradeva (c. 1072–1103 CE), founder of dynasty
• Madanapala (c. 1104–1113 CE)
• Govindachandra (c. 1114–1155 CE
• Vijayachandra (c. 1155–1169 CE), alias Vijayapala or Malladeva
• Jayachandra (c. 1170–1194 CE), called Jaichand in vernacular legends
• Harishchandra (c. 1194– ?? CE),
• Adakkamalla (c. ? - 1237 CE )last ruler of dynasty

Karnata dynasty of Mithila (1097 – 1324 CE)

List of rulers–

Chutia (Sadiya) Kingdom of Assam (1187–1524 CE)

List of rulers

• Birpal (1187–1224), founder of dynasty
• Ratnadhwajpal (1224–1250)
• Vijayadhwajpal (1250–1278)
• Vikramadhwajpal (1278–1302)
• Gauradhwajpal (1302–1322)
• Sankhadhwajpal (1322–1343)
• Mayuradhwajpal (1343–1361)
• Jayadhwajpal (1361–1383)
• Karmadhwajpal (1383–1401)
• Satyanarayan (1401–1421)
• Laksminarayan (1421–1439)
• Dharmanarayan (1439–1458)
• Pratyashnarayan (1458–1480)
• Purnadhabnarayan (1480–1502)
• Dharmadhajpal (1502–1522)
• Nitypal (1522–1524), last ruler of dynasty

Late Medieval Period (c. 1200s CE – c. 1500s CE)

Delhi Sultanate (c. 1206–1526 CE)

Mamluk dynasty (1206–1290 CE)

• Qutb-ud-din Aibak (1206–1210)
• Aram Shah (1210–1211)
• Shams-ud-din Iltutmish (1211–1236)
• Rukn-ud-din Firuz (1236)
• Raziyyat ud din Sultana (1236–1240)
• Muiz-ud-din Bahram (1240–1242)
• Ala-ud-din Masud (1242–1246)
• Nasir-ud-din Mahmud (1246–1266)
• Ghiyas-ud-din Balban (1266–1286)
• Muiz-ud-din Qaiqabad (1286–1290)

Khalji dynasty (1290–1320 CE)

• Jalaluddin Firuz Khalji (1290–1296)
• Alauddin Khalji (1296–1316)
• Shihabuddin Omar Khan Khalji (1316)
• Qutbuddin Mubarak Shah Khalji (1316–1320)

Tughlaq dynasty (1321–1414 CE)

• Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq (1321–1325)
• Muhammad Shah Tughluq I (1325–1351)
• Firuz Shah Tughluq (1351–1388)
• Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq II (1388–1389)
• Abu Bakr Shah (1389–1390)
• Muhammad Shah Tughluq III (1390–1394)
• Ala ud-din Sikandar Shah Tughluq (1394)
• Muhammad Shah Tughuluq IV (1394–1413)

After the invasion of Timur in 1398, the governor of Multan, Khizr Khan abolished the Tughluq dynasty in 1414.

Jaunpur Sultanate (1394–1479 CE)

• Malik Sarwar Shah (1394–1399)
• Mubarak Shah (1399–1402)
• Ibrahim Shah (1402–1440)
• Mahmud Shah (1440–1457)
• Muhammad Shah (1457–1458)
• Hussain Shah (1458–1479)

Sayyid dynasty (1414–1451 CE)

• Khizr Khan (1414–1421)
• Mubarak Shah (1421–1434)
• Muhammad Shah (1434–1445)
• Alam Shah (1445–1451)

Lodi dynasty (1451–1526 CE)

• Bahlul Khan Lodi (1451–1489)
• Sikandar Khan Lodi (1489–1517)
• Ibrahim Khan Lodi (1517–1526), defeated by Babur (who replaced the Lodi Empire with the Mughal Empire)

Kadava dynasty (c. 1216–1279 CE)

• Kopperunchinga I (c. 1216–1242)
• Kopperunchinga II (c. 1243–1279)

Kingdom of Marwar (c. 1226–1950 CE)

Rathore dynasty of Jodhpur

Rulers from Pali & Mandore (1226–1438 CE)

Rulers from Jodhpur (1459–1950 CE)

Ahom dynasty of Assam (c. 1228–1826 CE)

Vaghela dynasty (1244–1304 CE)

The sovereign Vaghela rulers include:

• Visala-deva (1244–1262), founder of the dynasty
• Arjuna-deva (1262–1275), son of Pratapamalla
• Rama (1275), son of Arjunadeva
• Saranga-deva (1275–1296), son of Arjunadeva
• Karna-deva (1296–1304), son of Rama; also called Karna II to distinguish him from Karna Chaulukya.

Jaffna (Aryachakravarti) dynasty (c. 1277–1619 CE)

List of rulers–

• Kulasekara Cinkaiariyan(1277–1284), founder of dynasty
• Kulotunga Cinkaiariyan (1284–1292)
• Vickrama Cinkaiariyan (1292–1302)
• Varodaya Cinkaiariyan (1302–1325)
• Martanda Cinkaiariyan (1325–1348)
• Gunabhooshana Cinkaiariyan (1348–1371)
• Virodaya Cinkaiariyan (1371–1380)
• Jeyaveera Cinkaiariyan (1380–1410)
• Gunaveera Cinkaiariyan (1410–1440)
• Kanakasooriya Cinkaiariyan (1440–1450 & 1467–1478)
• Singai Pararasasegaram (1478–1519)
• Cankili I (1519–1561)
• Puviraja Pandaram (1561–1565 & 1582–1591)
• Kasi Nayinar Pararacacekaran (1565–1570)
• Periyapillai (1565–1582)
• Ethirimana Cinkam (1591–1617)
• Cankili II Cekaracacekaran (1617–1619), last ruler of dynasty

Kingdom of Tripura (c. 1280–1949 CE)

Manikya dynasty

List of rulers–

• Ratna Manikya (1280 CE)
• Pratap Manikya (1350 CE)
• Mukul Manikya (1400 CE)

On 9 September 1949, "Tripura Merger Agreement", was signed and come in effect from 15 October 1949 & Tripura became part of Indian Union.

Nayaka Kingdoms (c. 1325–1815 CE)

The Nayakas were originally military governors under the Vijayanagara Empire. It is unknown, in fact, if these founded dynasties were related, being branches of a major family, or if they were completely different families. Historians tend to group them by location.

Nayaka dynasty

Ruler		Reign	Capital
Prolaya		1323-1333	Warangal (Musunuri line)
Kapaya		1333-1368	Warangal (Musunuri line)
Warangal annexed to Recherla
Singama I		1335-1361	Rachakonda (Recherla line)
Anavotha I		1361-1384	Rachakonda (Recherla line)
Singama II		1384-1399	Rachakonda (Recherla line)
Anavotha II		1399-1421	Rachakonda (Recherla line)
Mada		1421-1430	Rachakonda (Recherla line)
Singama III		1430-1475	Rachakonda (Recherla line)
Rachakonda annexed to Vijayanagara Empire
Kumaravira Timma I		1441-1462	Gandikota (Pemmasani line)
Chenna Vibhudu		1462-1505	Gandikota (Pemmasani line)
Vaiyappa		1464-1490	Gingee (Gingee line)
Tubaki Krishnappa		1490-1520	Gingee (Gingee line)
Chaudappa		1499-1530	Keladi (Keladi line)
Ramalinga		1505-1540	Gandikota (Pemmasani line)
Achyutavijaya Ramachandra		1520-1540	Gingee (Gingee line)
Viswanatha		1529-1564	Madurai (Madurai line)
Sadashiva		1530-1566	Keladi (Keladi line)
Chevappa		1532-1580	Tanjore (Thanjavur line)
Bangaru Timma		1540-1565	Gandikota (Pemmasani line)
Muthialu		1540-1570	Gingee (Gingee line)
Krishnappa I		1564-1572	Madurai (Madurai line)
Narasimha		1565-1598	Gandikota (Pemmasani line)
Sankanna I		1566-1570	Keladi (Keladi line)
Timanna		1568-1589	Chitradurga (Chitradurga line)
Sankanna II the Younger (Chikka Sankanna)		1570-1580	Keladi (Keladi line)
Venkatappa		1570-1600	Gingee (Gingee line)
Virappa		1572-1595	Madurai (Madurai line)
Ramaraja		1580-1586	Keladi (Keladi line)
Achuthappa		1580-1614	Tanjore (Thanjavur line)
Venkatappa I the Elder (Hiriya Venkatappa)		1586-1629	Keladi (Keladi line)
Obanna-Madakari I		1589-1602	Chitradurga (Chitradurga line)
Krishnappa II		1595-1601	Madurai (Madurai line)
Timma		1598-1623	Gandikota (Pemmasani line)
Varadappa		1600-1620	Gingee (Gingee line)
Muthu Krishnappa		1601-1609	Madurai (Madurai line)
Kasturi Rangappa I		1602-1652	Chitradurga (Chitradurga line)
Muthu Virappa I		1609-1623	Madurai (Madurai line)
Raghunatha		1614-1634	Tanjore (Thanjavur line)
Appa		1620-1649	Gingee (Gingee line)
Gingee annexed to the Bijapur Sultanate
Chenna Timma		1623-1652	Gandikota (Pemmasani line)
Tirumala		1623-1659	Madurai (Madurai line)
Virabhadra		1629-1645	Keladi (Keladi line)
Vijaya Raghava		1634-1673	Tanjore (Thanjavur line)
Thanjavur annexed to the Maratha Empire
Shivappa		1645-1660	Keladi (Keladi line)
Madakari II		1652-1674	Chitradurga (Chitradurga line)
Kumaravira Timma II		1652-1685	Gandikota (Pemmasani line)
Gandikota annexed to the Sultanate of Golconda
Muthu Virappa II		1659	Madurai (Madurai line)
Chokanatha I		1659-1682	Madurai (Madurai line)
Venkatappa II the Younger (Chikka Venkatappa)		1660-1662	Keladi (Keladi line)
Bhadrappa		1662-1664	Keladi (Keladi line)
Somashekara I		1664-1672	Keladi (Keladi line)
Chennamma		1672-1697	Keladi (Keladi line)
Obanna II		1674-1675	Chitradurga (Chitradurga line)
Shoora Kantha		1675-1676	Chitradurga (Chitradurga line)
Chikanna		1676-1686	Chitradurga (Chitradurga line)
Regency of Queen Mangammal (1682-1689)
Aranga Krishna Muthu Virappa III		1682-1689	Madurai (Madurai line)
Madakari III		1686-1688	Chitradurga (Chitradurga line)
Donne Rangappa		1688-1689	Chitradurga (Chitradurga line)
Regency of Queen Mangammal (1689-1704)
Vijayaranga Chokanatha II		1689-1732	Madurai (Madurai line)
Bharamana		1689-1721	Chitradurga (Chitradurga line)
Basavappa		1697-1714	Keladi (Keladi line)
Somashekara II		1714-1739	Keladi (Keladi line)
Madakari IV		1721-1748	Chitradurga (Chitradurga line)
Meenakshi		1732-1736	Madurai (Madurai line).
Madurai annexed to the Nawab of Carnatic
Basavappa		1739-1754	Keladi (Keladi line)
Sri Vijaya Rajasinha		1739-1747	Kandy (Kandy line)
Kirti Sri Rajasinha		1747-1782	Kandy (Kandy line)
Kasturi Rangappa II		1748-1758	Chitradurga (Chitradurga line)
Basappa		1754-1759	Keladi (Keladi line)
Madakari V		1758-1779	Chitradurga (Chitradurga line)
Chitradurga annexed to the Kingdom of Mysore
Virammaji		1759-1763	Keladi (Keladi line)
Keladi annexed to the Kingdom of Mysore
Sri Rajadhi Rajasinha		1782-1798	Kandy (Kandy line)
Sri Vikrama Rajasinha		1798-1815	Kandy (Kandy line)
Kandy becomes a British colony

Vellore Nayaka Kingdom (c. 1540–1601 CE)

The list of nayaks are unclear. Some of the Nayaks are:

• Chinna Bommi Reddy
• Thimma Reddy Nayak
• Lingama Nayak

Other Nayaka kingdoms

• Nayakas of Shorapur
• Nayakas of Kalahasti
• Nayakas of Harappanahalli
• Nayakas of Gummanayakana Palya
• Nayakas of Kuppam
• Nayakas of Rayalaseema
• Nayakas of Jarimale
• Nayakas of Gudekote
• Nayakas of Nayakanahatti

Reddy Kingdom (c. 1325–1448 CE)

List of rulers–

• Prolaya Vema Reddy (1325–1335), founder of dynasty
• Anavota Reddy (1335–1364)
• Anavema Reddy (1364–1386)
• Kumaragiri Reddy (1386–1402)
• Kataya Vema Reddy (1395–1414)
• Allada Reddy (1414–1423)
• Veerabhadra Reddy (1423–1448), last ruler of dynasty

Oiniwar (Sugauna) dynasty of Mithila (c. 1325–1526 CE)

List of rulers–

According to historian Makhan Jha, the rulers of the Oiniwar dynasty are as follows:

• Nath Thakur, founder of dynasty in 1325 CE
• Atirupa Thakur
• Vishwarupa Thakur
• Govinda Thakur
• Lakshman Thakur
• Kameshwar Thakur
• Bhogishwar Thakur, ruled for over 33 years
• Ganeshwar Singh, reigned from 1355; killed by his cousins in 1371 after a long-running internecine dispute
• Kirti Singh
• Bhava Singh Deva
• Deva Simha Singh
• Shiva Simha Singh (or Shivasimha Rūpanārāyana), took power in 1402, missing in battle in 1406
• Lakhima Devi, chief wife of Shiva Simha Singh, ruled for 12 years from Raj Banauli. She committed sati after many years of waiting for her husband's return.
• Padma Simha Singh, took power in 1418 and died in 1431
• Viswavasa Devi, wife of Padma Singh, died in 1443
• Hara Singh Deva, younger brother of Deva Singh
• Nara Singh Deva, died in 1460
• Dhir Singh Deva
• Bhairva Singh Deva, died in 1515, brother of Dhir Singh Deva
• Rambhadra Deva
• Laxminath Singh Deva, last ruler died in 1526 CE

Vijayanagara Empire (c. 1336–1646 CE)

Vijayanagara Empire was ruled by four different dynasties for about 310 years on entire South India.

Bahmani Sultanate (c. 1347–1527 CE)

• Ala-ud-Din Bahman Mohamed bin Laden Shah (1347–1358)
• Muhammad Shah I (1358–1375)
• Ala ud din Mujahid Shah (1375–1378)
• Daud Shah I (1378)
• Muhammad Shah II (1378–1397)
• Ghiyas ud din Tahmatan Shah (1397)
• Shams ud din Daud Shah II (1397)
• Taj ud-Din Firuz Shah (1397–1422)
• Ahmad Shah I Wali (1422–1435), established his capital at Bidar
• Ala ud din Ahmad Shah II (1436–1458)
• Ala ud din Humayun Shah (1458–1461)
• Nizam-Ud-Din Ahmad III (1461–1463)
• Muhammad Shah III Lashkari (1463–1482)
• Mahmood Shah Bahmani II(1482–1518)
• Ahmad Shah IV (1518–1521)
• Ala ud din Shah (1521–1522)
• Waliullah Shah (1522–1524)
• Kalimullah Shah (1524–1527)

Malwa Sultanate (c. 1392–1562 CE)

Ghoris (1390–1436 CE)

• Dilavar Khan Husain (1390–1405)
• Alp Khan Hushang (1405–1435)
• Ghazni Khan Muhammad (1435–1436)
• Masud Khan (1436)

Khaljis (1436–1535 CE)

• Mahmud Shah I (1436–1469)
• Ghiyath Shah (1469–1500)
• Nasr Shah (1500–1511)
• Mahmud Shah II (1511–1530)

Baro-Bhuyan kingdoms (c. 1365–1632 CE)

List of Kingdoms and their rulers are

Baro-Bhuyan of Assam (1365–1440 CE)

• Sasanka (Arimatta) (1365–1385 CE)
• Gajanka (1385–1400 CE)
• Sukranka (1400–1415 CE)
• Mriganka (1415–1440 CE)

Baro-Bhuyan of Bengal (1576–1632 CE)

• Isa Khan
• Musa Khan (Bengal Ruler)
• Masum Khan

Tomara dynasty of Gwalior (c. 1375–1523 CE)

The Tomara rulers of Gwalior include the following.

Wadiyar Kingdom of Mysore (c. 1399–1950 CE)

List of rulers

• Yaduraya Wodeyar or Raja Vijaya Raj Wodeyar (1399–1423 CE)
• Hiriya Bettada Chamaraja Wodeyar I (1423–1459 CE)
• Thimmaraja Wodeyar I (1459–1478 CE)
• Hiriya Chamaraja Wodeyar II (1478–1513 CE)
• Hiriya bettada Chamaraja Wodeyar III (1513–1553 CE)
• Thimmaraja Wodeyar II (1553–1572 CE)
• Bola Chamaraja Wodeyar IV (1572–1576 CE)
• Bettada Devaraja Wodeyar (1576–1578 CE)
• Raja Wodeyar I (1578–1617 CE)
• Chamaraja Wodeyar V (1617–1637 CE)
• Raja Wodeyar II (1637–1638 CE)
• Ranadhira Kantheerava Narasaraja Wodeyar I (1638–1659 CE)
• Dodda Devaraja Wodeyar (1659–1673 CE)
• Chikka Devaraja Wodeyar (1673–1704 CE)
• Kantheerava Narasaraja Wodeyar II (1704–1714 CE)
• Dodda Krishnaraja Wodeyar I (1714–1732 CE)
• Chamaraja Wodeyar VI (1732–1734 CE)
• Immadi Krishnaraja Wodeyar II (1734–1766 CE), ruled under Hyder Ali from 1761 CE
• Nanajaraja Wodeyar (1766–1770 CE), ruled under Hyder Ali
• Bettada Chamaraja Wodeyar VII (1772–1776 CE), ruled under Hyder Ali
• Khasa Chamaraja Wodeyar VIII (1776–1796 CE), ruled under Hyder Ali until 1782 CE, then under Tipu Sultan until his deposition in 1796 CE.
  • Hyder Ali (1761–1782 CE), usurper and non-dynastic
  • Tipu Sultan (1782–1799 CE), son of the previous.
• Mummudi Krishnaraja Wodeyar III (1799–1868 CE), Wodeyar dynasty restored
• Chamaraja Wodeyar IX (1868–1894 CE)
• Vani Vilas Sannidhana, queen of Chamaraja Wodeyar IX served as regent from (1894 to 1902 CE)
• Nalvadi Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV (1894–1940 CE)
• Jayachamaraja Wodeyar Bahadur (1940–1950 CE)

Gajapati Empire (c. 1434–1541 CE)

Rulers–

Picture	King	Reign
	Kapilendra Deva	1434–1467
	Purushottama Deva	1467–1497
	Prataparudra Deva	1497–1540
	Kalua Deva	1540–1541
	Kakharua Deva	1541

Rathore dynasty of Bikaner (c. 1465–1947 CE)

Rulers–

Deccan Sultanates (c. 1490–1686 CE)

Barid Shahi dynasty (1490–1619 CE)

• Qasim Barid I 1490–1504
• Amir Barid I 1504–1542
• Ali Barid Shah I 1542–1580
• Ibrahim Barid Shah 1580–1587
• Qasim Barid Shah II 1587–1591
• Ali Barid Shah II 1591
• Amir Barid Shah II 1591–1601
• Mirza Ali Barid Shah III 1601–1609
• Amir Barid Shah III 1609–1619

Imad Shahi dynasty (1490–1572 CE)

• Fathullah Imad-ul-Mulk (1490–1504)
• Aladdin Imad Shah (1504–1530)
• Darya Imad Shah (1530–1562)
• Burhan Imad Shah (1562–1574)
• Tufal Khan 1574

Adil Shahi dynasty (1490–1686 CE)

• Yusuf Adil Shah (1490–1511)
• Ismail Adil Shah (1511–1534)
• Mallu Adil Shah (1534)
• Ibrahim Adil Shah I (1534–1558)
• Ali Adil Shah I (1558–1579)
• Ibrahim Adil Shah II (1580–1627)
• Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur (1627–1657)
• Ali Adil Shah II (1657–1672)
• Sikandar Adil Shah (1672–1686)

Nizam Shahi dynasty (1490–1636 CE)

• Malik Ahmad Nizam Shah I 1490–1510
• Burhan Nizam Shah I 1510–1553
• Hussain Nizam Shah I 1553–1565
• Murtaza Nizam Shah I 1565–1588
• Hussain Nizam Shah II 1588–1589
• Ismail Nizam Shah 1589–1591
• Burhan Nizam Shah II 1591–1595
• Ibrahim Nizam Shah 1595–1596
• Malik Ahmad Nizam Shah II 1596
• Bahadur Nizam Shah 1596–1600
• Murtaza Nizam Shah II 1600–1610
• Burhan Nizam Shah III 1610–1631
• Hussain Nizam Shah III 1631–1633
• Murtaza Nizam Shah III 1633–1636

Qutb Shahi dynasty (1518–1686 CE)

• Sultan Quli Qutbl Mulk (1518–1543)
• Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah (1543–1550)
• Subhan Quli Qutb Shah (1550)
• Ibrahim Quli Qutub Shah (1550–1580)
• Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah (1580–1612)
• Sultan Muhammad Qutb Shah (1612–1626)
• Abdullah Qutb Shah (1626–1672)
• Abul Hasan Qutb Shah (1672–1686)

Gatti Mudalis of Taramangalam (c. 15th–17th century CE)

List of known rulers–

• Vanagamudi Gatti
• Immudi Gatti
• Gatti Mudali

Early Modern Period (c. 1500s CE – 1850s CE)

Kingdom of Cochin (c. 1503–1948 CE)

List of Maharajas of Cochin

Koch Kingdom (c. 1515–1949 CE)

List of Maharajas of Koch

Mughal Empire (c. 1526–1857 CE)

List of emperors of the Mughal Empire

Sur Empire (c. 1540–1555 CE)

List of rulers of the Sur Empire

Gajapati of Odisha

Lists of Gajapatis

Khurda Kingdom

List of rulers of Khurda

Kingdom of Sikkim (c. 1642–1975 CE)

List of Chogyals of Sikkim

Maratha Empire (c. 1674–1818 CE)

List of Chhatrapatis of the Marathas

Thanjavur Maratha kingdom (c. 1674–1855 CE)

List of Thanjavur Maratha rulers

The Peshwas (c. 1713–1858 CE)

List of Peshwas

Baroda State (c. 1721–1947 CE)

List of Maharajas of Baroda

Gwalior State (c. 1731–1947 CE)

List of Maharajas of Ujjain and Gwalior

Indore State (c. 1731–1948 CE)

List of Maharajas of Indore

Sinsinwar Jat Kingdom of Bharatpur and Deeg (c. 1683–1947 CE)

List of rulers

Pudukkottai Kingdom (c. 1686–1948 CE)

Rulers-

• Raghunatha Raya Tondaiman (1686–1730), first ruler
• Vijaya Raghunatha Raya Tondaiman I (1730–1769)
• Raya Raghunatha Tondaiman (1769–1789)
• Vijaya Raghunatha Tondaiman (December 1789–February 1, 1807)
• Vijaya Raghunatha Raya Tondaiman II (February 1, 1807–June 1825)
• Raghunatha Tondaiman (June 1825–July 13, 1839)
• Ramachandra Tondaiman (July 13, 1839 – April 15, 1886)
• Martanda Bhairava Tondaiman (April 15, 1886 – May 28, 1928)
• Rajagopala Tondaiman (October 28, 1928 – August 15, 1947), last ruler

Sivaganga Kingdom (c. 1725–1947 CE)

Rulers–

• Muthu Vijaya Raghunatha Periyavudaya Thevar (1725–1750), founder of kingdom
• Muthu Vaduganatha Periyavudaya Thevar (1750–1780)
• Velu Nachiyar (1780–1790)
• Vellacci (1790–1793)
• Vangam Periya Udaya Thevar (1793–1801), last independent ruler

Zamindar under British rule (1803–1947)

Kingdom of Travancore (c. 1729–1949 CE)

Rulers–

• Marthanda Varma (1729–1758 CE), founder of kingdom
• Dharma Raja (1758–1798 CE)
• Balarama Varma (1798–1810CE)
• Gowri Lakshmi Bayi (1810–1815 CE)
• Gowri Parvati Bayi (1815–1829 CE)
• Swathi Thirunal (1829–1846 CE)
• Uthram Thirunal (1846–1860 CE)
• Ayilyam Thirunal (1860–1880 CE)
• Visakham Thirunal (1880–1885 CE)
• Moolam Thirunal (1885–1924 CE)
• Sethu Lakshmi Bayi (1924–1931 CE)
• Chithira Thirunal (1931–1949 CE), last ruler

Newalkar dynasty of Jhansi (c. 1769–1858 CE)

List of rulers–

• Raghunath Rao (1769–1796)
• Shiv Hari Rao (1796–1811)
• Ramchandra Rao (1811–1835)
• Raghunath Rao III (1835–1838)
• Sakku Bai Rao (1838–1839)
• Gangadhar Rao (1843–1853)
• Rani Lakshmi Bai as regent of Damodar Rao of Jhansi (21 November 1853 – 10 March 1854, 4 June 1857 – 4/5 April 1858)

Phulkian Dynasty of Punjab (c. 1763–1947)

Phulkian dynasty

Maharaja of Patiala

Nabha State

Jind State

Sikh Empire (c. 1801–1849 CE)

Maharaja of Punjab

Smaller Muslim Polities

• Hyderabad State
• Nawab of Awadh
• Nawab of Bengal
• Kingdom of Mysore
  • Hyder Ali
  • Tipu Sultan

Dogra dynasty of Kashmir and Jammu (c. 1846–1952 CE)

Maharaja of Kashmir and Jammu

Later Modern India (c. 1850s onwards)

Empire of India (1876–1947 CE)

Portrait	Name	Birth	Reign	Death	Consort	Imperial Durbar	Royal House
	Victoria	24 May 1819	1 May 1876 – 22 January 1901	22 January 1901	None	1 January 1877 (represented by Lord Lytton)	Hanover
	Edward VII	9 November 1841	22 January 1901 – 6 May 1910	6 May 1910	Alexandra of Denmark	1 January 1903 (represented by Lord Curzon)	Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
	George V	3 June 1865	6 May 1910 – 20 January 1936	20 January 1936	Mary of Teck	12 December 1911	Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1910–1917) Windsor (1917–1936)
	Edward VIII	23 June 1894	20 January 1936 – 11 December 1936	28 May 1972	None	None	Windsor
	George VI	14 December 1895	11 December 1936 – 15 August 1947	6 February 1952	Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon	None	Windsor

Dominion of India (1947–1950 CE)

Portrait	Name	Birth	Reign	Death	Consort	Royal House
	George VI	14 December 1895	15 August 1947 – 26 January 1950	6 February 1952	Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon	Windsor