| Kurmysh Курмыш | |
|---|---|
| Selo | |
.jpg) | |
_(1780).gif) Coat of arms | |
| Location of Kurmysh | |
  KurmyshLocation of KurmyshShow map of Russia.svg) KurmyshKurmysh (Nizhny Novgorod Oblast)Show map of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast | |
| Coordinates: 55°49′49″N 46°04′45″E / 55.830399°N 46.079239°E / 55.830399; 46.079239 | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Nizhny Novgorod Oblast |
| Administrative district | Pilninsky District |
| Founded | 1372 |
| Elevation | 83 m (272 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 1,037 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  ) |
| Postal code(s) | 607467 |
| OKTMO ID | 22545000286 |
Kurmysh (Russian: Курмыш) is a rural locality (a selo) in Pilninsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located over 100 kilometres (62 mi) east of Nizhny Novgorod. Population: 1,037 (2010 Census); 1,291 (2002 Census).
History
Kurmysh was founded in 1372 when Prince Boris Konstantinovich of Nizhny Novgorod-Suzdal ordered its establishment on the Sura River ("постави город на Суре Курмыш нарече"). It was the easternmost Russian settlement for almost two centuries and it helped to consolidate Russian influence in the Volga region. As a result, it bore the brunt of attacks from the east.
In 1406–1407, Grand Prince Vasily I of Moscow, bequeathed "Kurmysh with everything that came with it" to his son. In 1445, Vasily II was released from Kurmysh after being captured by Ulugh Muhammad of the Kazan Khanate and forced to pay a ransom.
Following the capture of Kazan in 1552 by Ivan the Terrible, Kurmysh's position declined as the Russian fortress of Alatyr was established to the south. From the 1560s, it served as the administrative center of Kurmyshsky Uyezd within the Russian tsardom until 1708. In the second half of the 16th century and in the 17th century, it was mainly made up of service class people.
Kurmysh further lost its significance when the majority of the service class people were transferred to the border near Simbirsk. The lower categories of service class people, including Cossacks and streltsy, became state peasants in the early 18th century. By 1804, it had a population of 695. According to the 1897 census, about 3,200 people lived there.
References
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
- Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Чибис, А.А. (2006). "КУРМЫШ". In Григорьев, В. С. (ed.). Чувашская энциклопедия: Том 2 : Ж — Л. Справочно-энциклопедическое издание. ISBN 978-5-7670-1471-2.
- ^ Кирьянов, Игорь Александрович (1961). Старинные крепости Нижегородского Поволжья: очерк о старинных русских дерево-крепостях в Н. Новгороде (Горьком): Городце, селе Городищи (Борского района), Лыскове, Курмыше, Василосурске, Балахне, Б. Мурашкине, Арзамасе (in Russian). Горьковское книжное изд-во. pp. 71–72.
- Federal State Statistics Service (21 May 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (in Russian).