Name |
Capital(s) |
State type |
Existed |
Location
|
Sao civilisation |
Various |
Tribal city states |
6th century BC – 16th century AD |
Africa: Central
|
Cyrene |
Cyrene |
Kingdom, republic, kingdom, republic, kingdom |
632–30 BC |
Africa: North
|
Garamantes |
Garama |
Tribal confederation/empire |
500 BC – 700 AD |
Africa: North
|
Numidia |
Cirta |
Kingdom |
202 – 46 BC |
Africa: North
|
Blemmyes |
|
Tribal Kingdom |
600 BC – 8th century AD |
Africa: Northeast
|
Kush |
Kerma; Napata; Meroe |
Kingdom |
1070 BC – 350 AD |
Africa: Northeast
|
Ptolemaic Kingdom |
Alexandria |
Kingdom/empire |
305 – 30 BC |
Africa: Northeast; Asia: West
|
Gaetulia |
|
Tribal confederation |
c. 350 BC – 550 AD |
Africa: Northwest
|
Mauretania |
Julia Caesara |
Kingdom/client kingdom |
285 BC – 431 AD |
Africa: Northwest
|
Nok culture |
Various |
Tribal chiefdoms/kingdom |
1000 BC – 300 AD |
Africa: West
|
Maya |
Various |
Kingdom city states |
2000 BC – 900AD |
Americas: Central
|
Zapotec |
Various |
Kingdom city states |
700 BC – 1521 AD |
Americas: Central
|
Pueblo |
Various |
Tribal chiefdoms |
12th century BC – 14th century AD |
Americas: North
|
Teotihuacan Empire |
Teotihuacan |
Empire |
100 BC – 8th century AD |
Americas: North
|
Nazca |
Various |
Tribal chiefdoms |
100 BC – 800 AD |
Americas: South
|
Acarnania |
|
Kingdom |
7th – 1st century BC |
Europe: Balkans
|
Basternae |
Various |
Tribal confederation |
200 BC – 300AD |
Europe: Balkans
|
Dacia |
Sarmizegetusa, Regia |
Kingdom/empire |
700 BC – 106 AD |
Europe: Balkans
|
Getae |
|
Tribal Kingdom |
7th century BC – 4th century AD |
Europe: Balkans
|
Iapydes |
Various |
Tribal confederation |
9th century – 34 BC |
Europe: Balkans
|
Liburnia |
|
Tribal thalassocracy |
11th century – 34 BC |
Europe: Balkans
|
Maedi |
Iamphorynna |
Tribal kingdom |
5th century – 86 BC |
Europe: Balkans
|
Odrysia |
Seuthopolis |
Kingdom |
460 BC – 46 AD |
Europe: Balkans
|
Paeonia |
|
Principality/kingdom/client |
535 BC – 681 AD |
Europe: Balkans
|
Scordisci |
Singidunum |
Independent tribal state |
3rd century BC – 1st century AD |
Europe: Balkans
|
Brigantia |
|
Tribal kingdom |
700 BC – c. 2nd AD |
Europe: British Isles
|
Catuvellauni |
Verulamium |
Tribal kingdom/client |
550 BC – 51 AD |
Europe: British Isles
|
Caledonia |
|
Tribal confederacy |
650 BC – 1st century AD |
Europe: British Isles
|
Connacht |
|
Tribal chiefdom/kingdom |
c. 10th century BC – 1474 AD |
Europe: British Isles
|
Deceangli |
|
Tribal kingdom |
500 BC – 76 AD |
Europe: British Isles
|
Cornovii |
|
Tribal kingdom |
4th century BC – 343 AD |
Europe: British Isles
|
Iceni |
Venta Icenorum |
Tribal kingdom/client kingdom |
500 BC – 64 AD |
Europe: British Isles
|
Iverni |
Ivernis |
Tribal federated chiefdoms |
500 BC – 400 AD |
Europe: British Isles
|
Ordovices |
|
Tribal kingdom |
500 BC – c. 1st AD |
Europe: British Isles
|
Silures |
|
Tribal kingdom |
650 BC – c. 1st AD |
Europe: British Isles
|
Pictland |
|
Kingdom |
250 BC – 850 AD |
Europe: British Isles
|
Cimmerian Bosporus |
Panticapaeum |
Kingdom/client |
480 BC – 370 AD |
Europe: East
|
Gelonia |
Gelonos |
Tribal kingdom |
5th century BC – 5th century AD |
Europe: East
|
Daunia |
Daunia |
Tribal kingdom |
7th century – 89 BC |
Europe: South
|
Iapyges |
Gnapia |
Tribal kingdom |
11th century – 89 BC |
Europe: South
|
Magna Graecia |
Various |
Kingdom city states |
740 – 89 BC |
Europe: South
|
Messapii |
Hyria |
Tribal kingdom |
8th century – 89 BC |
Europe: South
|
Noricum |
Magdalensberg |
Tribal kingdom/federation |
400 – 16 BC |
Europe: South
|
Samnites |
Bovianum |
Tribal confederation |
c. 600 – 82 BC |
Europe: South
|
Magyar |
|
Tribal confederation/principality |
1100 BC – 895 AD |
Europe: East
|
Sarmatians |
Tarki (Makhachkala) |
Tribal confederation |
450BC – 400 AD |
Europe: East
|
Venedae |
|
Tribal confederation |
400 BC – 7th century AD |
Europe: East
|
Roman Republic |
Rome |
Republic |
509 – 27 BC |
Europe: South, West, Balkans; Africa: North; Asia: West
|
Roman Empire |
Rome, Constantinople |
Empire |
27 BC – 1453 AD |
Europe: South, West, Balkans; Africa: North; Asia: West
|
Alemanni |
|
Tribal confederation |
85 BC – 213 AD |
Europe: West
|
Aquitani |
Various |
Tribal confederation/client |
550 – 27 BC |
Europe: West
|
Astures |
Asturica |
Tribal federation |
550 BC – 68 AD |
Europe: West
|
Belgae |
Various |
Tribal confederation |
600 BC – c. 1st AD |
Europe: West
|
Boii |
Felsina |
Tribal kingdom |
390 BC – 8 AD |
Europe: West
|
Cantabri |
|
Tribal confederation |
650 BC – 1st century AD |
Europe: West
|
Celtici |
|
Tribal confederation |
600 – 19 BC |
Europe: West
|
Helvetii |
|
Tribal confederacy |
650 BC – 68 AD |
Europe: West
|
Lusitanians |
|
Tribal confederation |
c. 450 – 27 BC |
Europe: West
|
Raeti |
|
Tribal confederation |
500 – 15 BC |
Europe: West
|
Saxons (Continental) |
|
Tribal confederation |
5th century BC – 754 AD |
Europe: West
|
Suebi |
|
Tribal Confederation |
60 BC – 409AD |
Europe: West
|
Vandals |
|
Tribal chiefdoms |
2nd century BC – 409 AD |
Europe: West
|
Vettones |
|
Tribal confederation |
300 – 14 BC |
Europe: West
|
Vindelicia |
|
Tribal kingdom |
5th century BC – 1st century AD |
Europe: West
|
Caucasian Albania |
Kabalak, Partav |
Kingdom/client |
65 BC – 628 AD |
Eurasian: Caucasus
|
Commagene |
Samosata |
Kingdom/client |
163 BC – 72 AD |
Eurasian: Caucasus
|
Colchis |
Phasis |
Kingdom |
1300 BC – 2nd century AD |
Eurasian: Caucasus
|
Caspiane |
|
Tribal Kingdom/Client |
650 BC – 387 AD |
Eurasian: Caucasus
|
Iberia |
Various |
Kingdom |
302 BC – 580 AD |
Eurasian: Caucasus
|
Lazica |
Phasis |
Kingdom/client |
1st century BC – 7th century AD |
Eurasian: Caucasus
|
Araba |
Hatra |
Kingdom |
3rd century BC – 300AD |
Asia: West
|
Armenia |
Van |
Kingdom |
553 BC – 428AD |
Asia: West
|
Lesser Armenia |
|
Principality |
331 – 72 BC |
Asia: West
|
Ma'in |
?/ Yathill |
Kingdom |
580 – 85 BC |
Asia: West
|
Awsan |
Ḥajar Yaḥirr |
Kingdom |
7th century BC – 100 AD |
Asia: West
|
Bithynia |
Nicomedia, Nicaea |
Kingdom/client |
297 – 74 BC |
Asia: West
|
Atropatene |
Ganzak |
Kingdom/client |
320 BC – 226AD |
Asia: West
|
Cappadocia, Ariarathid |
Mazaka |
Kingdom |
331 BC–17 AD |
Asia: West
|
Carmania |
|
Kingdom/client |
600 BC – 651 AD |
Asia: West
|
Characene |
Charax Spasinou |
Kingdom |
127 BC – 222 AD |
Asia: West
|
Commagene |
Samosata |
Kingdom |
163 BC–72 AD |
Asia: West
|
Corduene |
|
Principality/kingdom/client |
800 BC – 653 AD |
Asia: West
|
Elymais |
Susa |
Kingdom/client |
147 BC – 224 AD |
Asia: West
|
Galatia |
Ancyra |
Empire |
280 – 64 BC |
Asia: West
|
Khwarezm |
Kath, Gurganj |
Kingdom |
180 BC – 98 AD |
Asia: West
|
Hadhramaut |
|
Kingdom |
700 BC – 320 AD |
Asia: West
|
Hasmonean Kingdom |
Jerusalem |
Kingdom |
140 – 37 BC |
Asia: West
|
Herodian Judea |
Jerusalem |
Kingdom/client |
37 – 4 BC |
Asia: West
|
Himyarite Kingdom |
Zafar |
Kingdom |
110 BC–570 AD |
Asia: West
|
Kindah |
Qaryat Dhāt Kāhil |
Tribal kingdom |
2nd century BC – 525 AD |
Asia: West
|
Nabataean Kingdom |
Petra |
Kingdom |
168 BC – 106 AD |
Asia: West
|
Osroene |
Edessa |
Kingdom/client |
134 BC – 244 AD |
Asia: West
|
Parthian Empire |
Ctesiphon |
Empire |
247 BC – 224 AD |
Asia: West
|
Qataban |
Timna |
Kingdom |
6th century BC – 2nd century AD |
Asia: West
|
Qedarite |
Adumattu |
Tribal confederation/client |
870 BC – 250 AD |
Asia: West
|
Seleucid Empire |
Seleucia, Antioch |
Empire |
312 – 63 BC |
Asia: West
|
Sophene |
Karkathiokerta |
Kingdom |
298 – 94 BC |
Asia: West
|
Pontic Empire |
Amaseia, Sinope |
Empire |
250 BC – 68 AD |
Asia: West
|
Zabdicene |
|
Principality/client |
780 BC – 5th century AD |
Asia: West
|
Dayuan |
|
Kingdom/client |
329 BC – 280 AD |
Asia: Central
|
Fergana |
Khokand |
Kingdom |
220 BC – 590 AD |
Asia: Central
|
Issedones |
Issedon |
Tribal chiefdom |
650 – 58 BC |
Asia: Central
|
Kangju |
|
Tribal Federation |
280 BC – 585 AD |
Asia: Central
|
Massagatae |
|
Tribal confederation |
600 – 46 BC |
Asia: Central
|
Saka |
|
Tribal confederation |
500 BC – 50 BC |
Asia: Central
|
Sumpa |
|
Tribal chiefdom/client |
1600 BC – 7th century AD |
Asia: Central
|
Yuezhi |
|
Nomadic tribal confederation |
650 – 20 BC |
Asia: Central
|
Anuradhapura |
Anuradhapura |
Kingdom |
377 BC – 1017 AD |
Asia: South
|
Ay |
Aykudi |
Kingdom |
4th century BC – 12th century AD |
Asia: South
|
Chera dynasty |
|
Kingdom |
5th century BC – 1102 AD |
Asia: South
|
Chola dynasty |
Various |
Kingdom |
300s BC–1279 AD |
Asia: South
|
Indo-Greek Kingdom |
Alexandria in the Caucasus, Taxila, Sagala |
Kingdom |
180 BC – 10 AD |
Asia: South
|
Indo-Parthian Kingdom |
Taxila |
Kingdom |
12 BC – 98 AD |
Asia: South
|
Indo–Scythian Kingdom |
Various |
Kingdom |
200 BC–400 AD |
Asia: South
|
Kuninda Kingdom |
Shravasti |
Kingdom |
500 BC – 300 AD |
Asia: South
|
Mushika |
Ezhimalai |
Kingdom |
3rd century BC – 4th century AD |
Asia: South
|
Pandyan dynasty |
Kanchi |
Empire |
250 BC – 800 AD |
Asia: South
|
Pundra |
Pundravardhana |
Kingdom |
1300 BC – 550 AD |
Asia: South
|
Rajarata |
Various |
Kingdom |
377 BC – 1310 AD |
Asia: South
|
Ruhuna |
Magama |
Principality |
200 BC – 450 AD |
Asia: South
|
Satavahana dynasty |
|
Monarchy |
1st century BC–2nd century AD |
Asia: South
|
Vakataka Empire |
Amaravati |
Empire |
230 BC – 230 AD |
Asia: South
|
Vanga |
Gange |
Kingdom |
1300 BC – 580 AD |
Asia: South
|
Chi Tu |
|
Kingdom |
100 BC – 7th century AD |
Asia: Southeast
|
Pyu city-states |
Sri Ksetra |
Federated city states |
250 BC – 1085 AD |
Asia: Southeast
|
Thaton Kingdom |
Thaton |
Kingdom |
300 BC – 1085 AD |
Asia: Southeast
|
Western Han dynasty |
Various |
Empire |
206 BC – 220 AD |
Asia: East, China
|
Baekje |
Various |
Kingdom |
18 BC – 660 AD |
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula
|
Buyeo |
Buyeoseong |
Kingdom |
189 BC – 494 AD |
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula
|
Dongye |
|
Chiefdom |
3rd century BC – 5th century AD |
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula
|
Goguryeo |
Various |
Kingdom |
37 BC – 668 AD |
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula
|
Jolbon |
|
Tribal kingdom |
1st century – 37 BC |
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula
|
Mahan confederacy |
Cheonan |
Confederacy |
98 BC – 250 AD |
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula
|
Okjeo |
|
Tribal state |
2nd century BC – 5th century AD |
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula
|
Samhan |
|
Confederacy |
1st century BC – 4th century AD |
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula
|
Silla |
Gyeongju |
Kingdom |
55 BC – 935 AD |
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula
|