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Pritchardia
Pritchardia sp. flowers and fruit on two pendulous stalks
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Clade:	Commelinids
Order:	Arecales
Family:	Arecaceae
Subfamily:	Coryphoideae
Tribe:	Trachycarpeae
Genus:	Pritchardia Seem. & H.Wendl.
Synonyms
Eupritchardia Kuntze Styloma O.F.Cook

The genus Pritchardia (family Arecaceae) consists of between 24 and 40 species of fan palms (subfamily Coryphoideae) found on tropical Pacific Ocean islands in Fiji, Samoa, Tonga, Tuamotus, and most diversely in Hawaii. The generic name honors William Thomas Pritchard (1829-1907), a British consul at Fiji.

Description

These palms vary in height, ranging from 6 to 40 m (20 to 131 ft). The leaves are fan-shaped (costapalmate) and the trunk columnar, naked, smooth or fibrous, longitudinally grooved, and obscurely ringed by leaf scars. The flowers and subsequent fruit are borne in a terminal cluster with simple or compound branches of an arcuate or pendulous inflorescence that (in some species) is longer than the leaves.

Species

There are 29 known species, of which 19 are endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, with the remainder on other island groups. Many are critically endangered. Oahu has the most named Pritchardia species of any of the Hawaiian islands, with nine named species on record in 1980. Eight of those species can be found in the rainy Koolau Range.

• Pritchardia affinis Becc. – Hawaiʻi Pritchardia (Island of Hawaiʻi)
• Pritchardia arecina Becc. – Maui Pritchardia (Maui, Hawaii)
• Pritchardia aylmer-robinsonii H.St.John (Niʻihau, Hawaii)
• Pritchardia beccariana Rock – Kilauea Pritchardia (Island of Hawaiʻi)
• Pritchardia flynnii Lorence & Gemmill (Kauaʻi, Hawaii)
• Pritchardia forbesiana Rock – Mt. Eke Pritchardia (Maui, Hawaii)
• Pritchardia glabrata Becc. & Rock (Maui, Hawaii)
• Pritchardia hardyi Rock – Makaleha Pritchardia (Kauaʻi, Hawaii)
• Pritchardia hillebrandii (Kuntze) Becc. (Native range uncertain, but believed to be Molokaʻi, Hawaii)
• Pritchardia kaalae Rock – Waiʻanae Range Pritchardia (Oʻahu, Hawaii)
• Pritchardia lanaiensis Becc. & Rock – Lānaʻi Pritchardia (Lānaʻi, Hawaii)
• Pritchardia lanigera Becc. (Island of Hawaiʻi)
• Pritchardia limahuliensis H.St.John (Kauaʻi, Hawaii)
• Pritchardia lowreyana Rock – Molokaʻi Pritchardia (Molokaʻi, Hawaii)
• Pritchardia maideniana (Unknown origin, possibly Fiji or Tonga)
• Pritchardia martii (Gaud.) H.Wendl – Koʻolau Range pritchardia (syn. P. gaudichaudii) (Oʻahu, Hawaii)
• Pritchardia minor Becc. – Alakaʻi Swamp Pritchardia (Kauaʻi, Hawaii)
• Pritchardia mitiaroana Dransfield & Ehrhardt (Mitiaro, Cook Islands)
• Pritchardia munroi Rock – Kamalo Pritchardia (Molokaʻi, Hawaii)
• Pritchardia napaliensis H.St.John (Kauaʻi, Hawaii)
• Pritchardia pacifica Seem. & H.Wendl. (Fiji, Tonga, Samoa)
• Pritchardia pericularum
• Pritchardia perlmanii Gemmill (Kauaʻi, Hawaii)
• Pritchardia remota Becc. – Nihoa Pritchardia (Nihoa, Hawaii)
• Pritchardia schattaueri Hodel – Giant Pritchardia (Island of Hawaiʻi)
• Pritchardia thurstonii F.Muell. & Drude (Fiji)
• Pritchardia viscosa Becc. – Stickybud Pritchardia (Kauaʻi, Hawaii)
• Pritchardia vuylstekeana
• Pritchardia waialealeana R.W.Read (Kauaʻi, Hawaii)
• Pritchardia woodfordiana (Solomon Islands)
• Pritchardia woodii (Maui, Hawaii)
• †Pritchardia sp. "Laysan" (Laysan†)

Formerly placed here

• Licuala grandis (hort. ex W. Bull) H.Wendl. (as P. grandis hort. ex W. Bull) (Vanuatu)
• Washingtonia filifera (Linden ex André) H.Wendl. (as P. filamentosa H.Wendl. ex Franceschi or P. filifera Linden ex André) (Southwestern United States and Baja California)

Relationship with humans

Native Hawaiians (who call them loulu or noulu) often plant the trees in their traditional homes. They often consume their seeds (known as hāwane or wāhane) raw, use their trunk wood as building material and leaves as roof thatching in houses and temples.

See also

• Laysan fan palm

References

1. ^ "Genus: Pritchardia Seem. & H. Wendl". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-10-05. Archived from the original on 2010-05-28. Retrieved 2010-12-11.
2. ^ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
3. Hodel, D.R. (2007). A review of the genus Pritchardia. Palms; Journal of the International Palm Society 51(Suppl.): 1-53.
4. Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names. Vol. 3 M-Q. CRC Press. p. 2168. ISBN 978-0-8493-2677-6.
5. ^ Riffle, Robert Lee; Paul Craft (2003). An Encyclopedia of Cultivated Palms. Timber Press. pp. 419–422. ISBN 978-0-88192-558-6.
6. Hodel, Don (1980). "Pritchardia in Hawaii" (PDF). Principes. 2 (24): 65–81. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
7. ^ "Pritchardia". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2010-12-11.
8. "GRIN Species Records of Pritchardia". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-12-11.
9. ^ Meilleur, Brien A. (June 2022). "Ancient Hawaiian house lots and their flora: a review of Great Māhele plant claims with a special focus on Pritchardia (loulu) palms". Revue d'ethnoécologie (21): 16–20. doi:10.4000/ethnoecologie.9104. ISSN 2267-2419. S2CID 252169028.
10. Chock, Alvin K. (1968). "Hawaiian Ethnobotanical Studies I. Native Food and Beverage Plants". Economic Botany. 22 (3): 232. Bibcode:1968EcBot..22..221C. doi:10.1007/BF02861956. ISSN 0013-0001. JSTOR 4252960. S2CID 33483410.

• Kew Palms Checklist: Pritchardia

External links

Media related to Pritchardia at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Pritchardia at Wikispecies

v t e Arecaceae genera
Baker & Dransfield (2016) taxonomy
Calamoideae	Eugeissoneae Eugeissona Lepidocaryeae Oncocalamus Eremospatha Laccosperma Raphia Lepidocaryum Mauritia Mauritiella Calameae Korthalsia Eleiodoxa Salacca Metroxylon Pigafetta Plectocomia Myrialepis Plectocomiopsis Calamus
Nypoideae	Nypa
Coryphoideae	Sabaleae Sabal Cryosophileae Schippia Trithrinax Zombia Coccothrinax Hemithrinax Leucothrinax Thrinax Chelyocarpus Cryosophila Itaya Sabinaria Phoeniceae Phoenix Trachycarpeae Chamaerops Guihaia Trachycarpus Rhapidophyllum Maxburretia Rhapis Livistona Licuala Johannesteijsmannia Pholidocarpus Saribus Lanonia Acoelorraphe Serenoa Brahea Colpothrinax Copernicia Pritchardia Washingtonia Chuniophoeniceae Chuniophoenix Kerriodoxa Nannorrhops Tahina Caryoteae Caryota Arenga Corypheae Corypha Borasseae Bismarckia Satranala Hyphaene Medemia Latania Lodoicea Borassodendron Borassus
Ceroxyloideae	Pseudophoenix Ceroxylon Juania Oraniopsis Ravenea Ammandra Aphandra Phytelephas
Arecoideae	Podococcus Orania Sclerosperma Roystonea Reinhardtia Manicaria Hyospathe Leopoldinia Iriarteeae Iriartella Dictyocaryum Iriartea Socratea Wettinia Chamaedoreeae Hyophorbe Wendlandiella Synechanthus Chamaedorea Gaussia Cocoseae Beccariophoenix Jubaeopsis Voanioala Allagoptera Attalea Butia Cocos Jubaea Syagrus Parajubaea Acrocomia Astrocaryum Aiphanes Bactris Desmoncus Barcella Elaeis Euterpeae Euterpe Prestoea Neonicholsonia Oenocarpus Geonomateae Welfia Pholidostachys Calyptrogyne Calyptronoma Asterogyne Geonoma Pelagodoxeae Pelagodoxa Sommieria Areceae Actinorhytis Archontophoenix Actinokentia Chambeyronia Kentiopsis Areca Nenga Pinanga Basselinia Burretiokentia Cyphophoenix Cyphosperma Lepidorrhachis Physokentia Carpoxylon Satakentia Neoveitchia Cyphokentia Clinosperma Dypsis Lemurophoenix Marojejya Masoala Calyptrocalyx Linospadix Howea Laccospadix Oncosperma Deckenia Acanthophoenix Tectiphiala Ptychosperma Ponapea Adonidia Balaka Veitchia Carpentaria Wodyetia Drymophloeus Normanbya Brassiophoenix Ptychococcus Jailoloa Manjekia Wallaceodoxa Rhopalostylis Hedyscepe Nephrosperma Phoenicophorium Roscheria Verschaffeltia Bentinckia Clinostigma Cyrtostachys Dictyosperma Dransfieldia Heterospathe Hydriastele Iguanura Loxococcus Rhopaloblaste

• Pritchardia
• Arecaceae genera
• Oceanian realm flora
• Flora of the Solomon Islands (archipelago)
• Taxa named by Berthold Carl Seemann