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A lung counter is a system consisting of a radiation detector, or detectors, and associated electronics that is used to measure radiation emitted from radioactive material that has been inhaled by a person and is sufficiently insoluble as to remain in the lung for weeks, months, or years. They are frequently used in occupations where workers may be exposed to radiation.
The lung counter may be placed on or near the body. These systems are also often housed in a low background counting chamber. Such a chamber may have thick walls made of low-background steel (~20–25 cm thick) and lined with lead, cadmium, tin, or polypropylene, with a final layer of copper. The purpose of the lead, cadmium (or tin), and copper is to reduce the background in the low energy region of a gamma spectrum (typically less than 200 keV).
Calibration
As a lung counter is primarily measuring radioactive materials that emit low energy gamma rays or x-rays, the phantom used to calibrate the system must be anthropometric. An example of such a phantom is the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Torso Phantom.
See also
References
- ^ Eckerman, Keith F.; Xu, Xie George, eds. (September 2009). Handbook of Anatomical Models for Radiation Dosimetry. CRS Press. ISBN 9781420059809. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
- Gollnick, Daniel A. (1994). Basic Radiation Protection Technology. Pacific Radiation Corporation. ISBN 9780916339074. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
- Pelled, O.; German, U.; Pollak, G.; Tshuva, A. "MDA improvement technique for Lung Counter measurements of Uranium Workers" (PDF). Nuclear Research Centre Negev. Retrieved 26 March 2023.