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Photobacterium phosphoreum

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Species of bacterium
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Photobacterium phosphoreum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Pseudomonadota
Class: Gammaproteobacteria
Order: Vibrionales
Family: Vibrionaceae
Genus: Photobacterium
Species: P. phosphoreum
Binomial name
Photobacterium phosphoreum
(Cohn 1878) Beijerinck 1889 (Approved Lists 1980)
Synonyms
  • Vibrio phosphoreum

Photobacterium phosphoreum is a Gram-negative, bioluminescent bacterium living in symbiosis with deep-sea marine organisms, such as anglerfish. It can emit bluish-green light (490 nm) due to a chemical reaction between FMN, luciferin and molecular oxygen catalysed by an enzyme called luciferase.

Ecology

P. phosphoreum appears to be distributed worldwide in oceans and is found in a variety of different marine habitats. It was first isolated in 1878 from seawater, but has also been reported from the surfaces of fish and other marine animals, the intestines of fish, coastal seawater, and from a state of bioluminescent symbiosis with fish. P. phosphoreum colonizes a wide variety of deep-sea fishes which generally occur in the mesopelagic and bentho-pelagic zones.

As a bioindicator

P. phosphoreum is the most frequently used luminescent bacterium in water quality assessment.

References

  1. ^ Ast, Jennifer C.; Dunlap, Paul V. (1 July 2005). "Phylogenetic resolution and habitat specificity of members of the Photobacterium phosphoreum species group". Environmental Microbiology. 7 (10): 1641–1654. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2005.00859.x. ISSN 1462-2912.
  2. Wang, Xinghao; Qu, Ruijuan; Wei, Zhongbo; Yang, Xi; Wang, Zunyao (June 2014). "Effect of water quality on mercury toxicity to Photobacterium phosphoreum: Model development and its application in natural waters". Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 104: 231–238. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.03.029.

External links

Taxon identifiers
Photobacterium phosphoreum


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