Misplaced Pages

Proterogyrinus

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
(Redirected from Protergyrinus scheelei) Extinct genus of amphibians

Proterogyrinus
Temporal range: Mississippian (Viséan to Serpukhovian), 331–323 Ma PreꞒ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Skull diagram
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Sarcopterygii
Clade: Tetrapodomorpha
Order: Embolomeri
Family: Proterogyrinidae
Genus: Proterogyrinus
Romer, 1970
Type species
Proterogyrinus scheelei
Romer, 1970
Other species
  • P. pancheni
    Smithson, 1986
Synonyms
  • Mauchchunkia
    Hotton, 1970
Life restoration of Proterogyrinus

Proterogyrinus is an extinct genus of early tetrapods from the order Embolomeri. Fossil remains of Proterogyrinus have been found in Scotland, UK, and West Virginia, United States, and date back to the Serpukhovian (mid-Carboniferous period), which is from about 331 to 323 million years ago. The genus was originally named by renowned vertebrate paleontologist Alfred Sherwood Romer in 1970. A comprehensive redescription was later published by Canadian paleontologist Robert Holmes in 1984. The generic name "Proterogyrinus" is Greek for "earlier wanderer" or "earlier tadpole". This name was chosen by Romer in keeping with a trend of naming long-bodied early tetrapods (such as Eogyrinus and Crassigyrinus) with the suffix "-gyrinus".

Romer hesitated from designating Proterogyrinus as a true embolomere, because its intercentra (the forward portion of each vertebra) were smaller than its pleurocentra (the rear portion). He used the group Anthracosauria to encompass embolomeres and their close relatives such as Proterogyrinus. However, other sources prefer a wider definition of Embolomeri similar in usage to Romer's Anthracosauria, thus counting Proterogyrinus as an embolomere.

Description

In most respects Proterogyrinus resembled other embolomeres such as Archeria, with a moderately elongated skull that was taller than that of other early tetrapods such as colosteids and temnospondyls. Members of the genus had strong limbs with several fully-ossified ankle and wrist bones. This would have given Proterogyrinus the ability to walk and hunt on land. However, the presence of lateral line grooves and otic notches which likely held spiracles show that they were probably more well-adapted for the water. The tail was long and tall, and was likely a powerful method of locomotion. The eyes were positioned high on the skull, supporting the idea that Proterogyrinus had an active lifestyle near the surface of the water.

References

  1. Haines, Tim; Paul Chambers (2006). The Complete Guide to Prehistoric Life. Canada: Firefly Books. p. 38.
  2. ^ Romer, A.S. (30 April 1970). "A new anthracosaurian labyrinthodont, Proterogyrinus scheelei, from the Lower Carboniferous". Kirtlandia. 10: 1–16.
  3. ^ Holmes, R. (2 November 1984). "The Carboniferous Amphibian Proterogyrinus scheelei Romer, and the Early Evolution of Tetrapods". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences. 306 (1130): 431–524. doi:10.1098/rstb.1984.0103.
Tetrapodomorpha (Pan-Tetrapoda)
Gnathostomata
Tetrapodomorpha
    • see below↓
Tetrapodomorpha
Tetrapodomorpha
Rhizodontida
Canowindridae
Megalichthyidae
Eotetrapodiformes
Tristichopteridae
Elpistostegalia
Stegocephali (Tetrapoda sensu lato)
    • see below↓
Rhizodus sp.

Osteolepis macrolepidotus Eusthenopteron foordi

Tiktaalik rosae
Stegocephali (Tetrapoda sensu lato)
Devonian taxa
Elginerpetontidae
Post-Devonian taxa
Aistopoda
Oestocephalidae
Phlegethontioidea
Phlegethontiidae
Whatcheeriidae
Colosteidae
Adelospondyli
Adelogyrinidae
"Nectridea"
Baphetoidea
Baphetidae
Embolomeri
Gephyrostegidae
Other "anthracosaurs"
Crown group
Tetrapoda
Temnospondyli (Batrachomorpha
Reptiliomorpha (Pan-Amniota)
Phlegethontia longissima

Acanthostega gunnari Crassigyrinus scoticus Eucritta melanolimnetes Archeria crassidisca

Bruktererpeton fiebigi
Related topics
Paraphyletic /
Polyphyletic groups
Other topics
Taxon identifiers
Proterogyrinus
Categories:
  • The New Zealand Public Service Medal is a national civilian honor that recognizes public service, military service, or meritorious service to the state. Here are some reliable sources where you can find more information on the New Zealand Public Service Medal:

    1. The New Zealand Government's Honours website: This is the official source for information on the New Zealand Public Service Medal, as well as other New Zealand honors and awards. You can find detailed information on the medal, criteria, and eligibility.
    2. Department of Internal Affairs: The Department of Internal Affairs is responsible for administering the New Zealand Honours system, including the New Zealand Public Service Medal. You can find information on the medal's history, past recipients, and how to apply for the award.
    3. New Zealand Gazette: The New Zealand Gazette is the official publication for government notices, including announcements related to honors and awards. You can visit their website or search for archived gazettes to find recent and past notices related to the New Zealand Public Service Medal.
    4. Ministry of Defence: As the New Zealand Public Service Medal encompasses military service, you can also find relevant information on the Ministry of Defence website, such as the criteria for awarding the medal and the eligibility for military personnel.
    5. Local libraries and archives: Many libraries and archives in New Zealand hold records and documentation related to honors and awards, including information on the New Zealand Public Service Medal. You can search local libraries and archives in your area or consult online databases for relevant information.

    Remember to verify the accuracy and credibility of the sources you consult to ensure you access authentic and reliable information.
    @57D5 researching the topic New Zealand Public Service Medal
@57D5: The New Zealand Public Service Medal is a national civilian honor that recognizes public service, military service, or meritorious service to the state. Here are some reliable sources where you can find more information on the New Zealand Public Service Medal: 1. The New Zealand Government's ...
Ad.

Before you begin

Life Coaching By Dr. Ann
Or continue to this article
X