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Red side-necked turtle
Conservation status
Near Threatened  (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Testudines
Suborder:	Pleurodira
Family:	Chelidae
Subfamily:	Chelinae
Genus:	Rhinemys Wagler, 1830
Species:	R. rufipes
Binomial name
Rhinemys rufipes (Spix, 1824)
Range
Synonyms
Synonymy Emys rufipes Spix, 1824 Hydraspis rufipes Bell, 1828 Rhinemys rufipes Wagler, 1830 Chelys (Hydraspis) rufipes Gray, 1831 Platemys rufipes Duméril & Bibron, 1835 Phrynops rufipes Gray, 1844 Hydraspis rufipes Boulenger, 1889 Rhinemys rufipes Baur, 1893

The red side-necked turtle (Rhinemys rufipes), red turtle, red-footed sideneck turtle, William's toadhead turtle, or red-footed Amazon side-necked turtle is a monotypic species of turtle in the family Chelidae. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, and possibly Peru.

Description

This species is dimorphic in size meaning the sexes show different characteristics. One study found that the largest female out of a group of 24 was 256 mm in carapace length. Out of that same group, the largest male was only 199 mm in carapace length. A study focused on determining how these turtles acquire their sex discovered that it is not environmentally determined rather, it is a genetic sex determination.

Gallery

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• Male (left), female (right).

References

1. ^ Tortoise.; Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group. (2016) . "Rhinemys rufipes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T17082A97271702. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T17082A6797634.en. Retrieved 6 July 2024.
2. Spix, J.B. von. 1824. Animalia nova; sive, Species novae Testudinum et Ranarum, quas in itinere per Brasiliam annis 1817-20 collegit et descripsit. F.S. Hübschmann, München. iv + 53 pp.
3. Wagler, J.G. 1830. Natürliches System der Amphibien, mit vorangehender Classification der Säugthiere und Vögel. München: J.G. Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, 354 pp.
4. Baur, G. 1893. Notes on the classification and taxonomy of the Testudinata. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 31: 210-225
5. Peter Paul van Dijk, John B. Iverson, H. Bradley Shaffer, Roger Bour, and Anders G.J. Rhodin. 2012. Turtles of the World, 2012 Update: Annotated Checklist of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status. Chelonian Research Monographs No. 5, pp. 000.243–000.328.
6. Fritz Uwe; Peter Havaš (2007). "Checklist of Chelonians of the World". Vertebrate Zoology. 57 (2): 343–344. doi:10.3897/vz.57.e30895. ISSN 1864-5755.
7. ^ Rhinemys rufipes , The Reptile Database
8. ^ Viana PF, Feldberg E, Cioffi MB, de Carvalho VT, Menezes S, Vogt RC, et al. (September 2020). "The Amazonian Red Side-Necked Turtle Rhinemys rufipes (Spix, 1824) (Testudines, Chelidae) Has a GSD Sex-Determining Mechanism with an Ancient XY Sex Microchromosome System". Cells. 9 (9): 2088. doi:10.3390/cells9092088. PMC 7563702. PMID 32932633.
9. Viana, P. F., Feldberg, E., Cioffi, M. B., de Carvalho, V. T., Menezes, S., Vogt, R. C., Liehr, T., & Ezaz, T. (2020). The Amazonian Red Side-Necked Turtle Rhinemys rufipes (Spix, 1824) (Testudines, Chelidae) Has a GSD Sex-Determining Mechanism with an Ancient XY Sex Microchromosome System. Cells (Basel, Switzerland), 9(9), 1–. doi:10.3390/cells9092088

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• IUCN Red List near threatened species
• Rhinemys
• Fauna of the Amazon
• Turtles of South America
• Turtles of Brazil
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• Reptiles described in 1824
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