Tahmasp or Tahmasb may refer to:
- Tahmasb (character), a character in the Shahnameh
- Tahmasp I (reigned 1524–1576), Safavid shah of Persia
- Shahnameh of Shah Tahmasp, illustrated manuscript of the Shahnameh
- Tahmasp II (reigned 1729–1732), Safavid shah of Persia
- Tahmasp's campaign of 1731, into the Caucasus
- Tahmasp Khan Jalayer, a general of Nader Shah
- Tahmasb Mazaheri, Iranian politician and economist
- Tahmasb Quli, various people so named, including Nader Shah
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