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Immunology

Many of studies showed calorie restriction can attenuate the negative effects of aging which is highly connected to the change of immunity in human.T cell functions are well known to be declined with age. A six-month calorie restriction test on humans showed that T cell functions were improved with calorie restriction comparing to baseline. But the positive response became statistical significant only after 30% CR. Cytokine TNF-α and IL-6 which do multi-function in immune system are naturally increased with aging. The over production of them were linked to age-associated disorders. Calorie restriction of old mice showed a decreasing of those cytokines, thus an inhibition of cytokines dysregulation by aging.  The experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice also suggested calories restriction can have anti-inflammatory effect with changing of cytokines. Comparing to controlled old mice, calorie restricted old mice had more naive T cell phenotype and more immature NK cell phenotype. 

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  1. Most, Jasper; Tosti, Valeria; Redman, Leanne M.; Fontana, Luigi. "Calorie restriction in humans: An update". Ageing Research Reviews. 39: 36–45. doi:10.1016/j.arr.2016.08.005.
  2. Tanvir Ahmed, Sai Krupa Das, Julie K. Golden, Edward Saltzman, Susan B. Roberts, Simin Nikbin Meydani; Calorie Restriction Enhances T-Cell–Mediated Immune Response in Adult Overweight Men and Women, The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, Volume 64A, Issue 11, 1 November 2009, Pages 1107–1113, https://doi-org.proxy1.cl.msu.edu/10.1093/gerona/glp101
  3. Ahmed, Tanvir; Das, Sai Krupa; Golden, Julie K.; Saltzman, Edward; Roberts, Susan B.; Meydani, Simin Nikbin (2009-11-01). "Calorie Restriction Enhances T-Cell–Mediated Immune Response in Adult Overweight Men and Women". The Journals of Gerontology: Series A. 64A (11): 1107–1113. doi:10.1093/gerona/glp101. ISSN 1079-5006.
  4. Piccio, Laura; Stark, Jennifer L.; Cross, Anne H. (2008-10-01). "Chronic calorie restriction attenuates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis". Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 84 (4): 940–948. doi:10.1189/jlb.0208133. ISSN 0741-5400. PMID 18678605.
  5. White, Matthew J.; Beaver, Charlotte M.; Goodier, Martin R.; Bottomley, Christian; Nielsen, Carolyn M.; Wolf, Asia-Sophia F. M.; Boldrin, Luisa; Whitmore, Charlotte; Morgan, Jennifer. "Calorie Restriction Attenuates Terminal Differentiation of Immune Cells". Frontiers in Immunology. 7. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2016.00667.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)