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Revision as of 18:20, 1 February 2007 view sourcePiotrus (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Event coordinators, Extended confirmed users, File movers, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers285,696 editsm Reverted edits by Sparspost (talk) to last version by Plk← Previous edit Revision as of 18:33, 1 February 2007 view source Sparspost (talk | contribs)126 edits rv, back to the last versionNext edit →
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The '''Poles''' ({{lang-pl|Polacy}}) are a ] ] inhabiting the country of ] (in ]) and a number of other states in the world, where they form a significant ]. '''Poles''' ({{lang-pl|Polacy}}) are a ] ] inhabiting the country of ] (in ]) and a number of other states in the world, where they form a significant ]. There is no commonly accepted definition of the Poles. According to the ] of the ], the Polish Nation consists of all ] of Poland. However, like in most European countries, many people limit the group to native speakers of the ], people that share certain views or traditions, or people who share a common ethnic background originating from Poland. Modern Poles are linguistically ], while their ancestors are derived primarily from Germanics as well as varied Celts, Samatians, Balts, and Uralic elements.
There is no commonly accepted definition of the Poles. According to the ] of the ], the Polish Nation consists of all ] of Poland. However, like in most European countries, many people limit the group to native speakers of the ], people that share certain views or traditions, or people who share a common ethnic background originating from Poland. As to the ethnicity, the name of the nation comes from a ] ] primarily associated with Poland and the Polish language. Poles belong to the ] subgroup of these ethnic people. The ] of ], ], and ] were one of the most influential tribes of ] and managed to unite many other West Slavic tribes in the area under the rule of what became the ], thus giving birth to a new state. The Polish name for a Pole is ''Polak'' (male) and ''Polka'' (female).


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Revision as of 18:33, 1 February 2007

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You may also be looking for the plural of the word pole.
Ethnic group
Poles
File:Polacy znani w swiecie.jpg
Regions with significant populations
Poland:    38,191,000 (2003 est.)

USA:
  9,385,233
Germany:
   1,500,000
Brazil:
   850,000
Canada:
   820,000
Argentina:
   500,000
Belarus:
   400,000
Lithuania:
   250,000
Australia:
   150,900
Ukraine:
   144,130 (2001)
Russia:
   73,000 (2002)
Latvia:
   57,000 (est.)
Czech Republic:
   52,000 (2001)
Italy:
   50,790
Kazakhstan:
   47,293 (1999)
Spain:
   44,147 (2006)
Netherlands:
   39,500
Austria:
   21,000
Mexico:
   55,000
Turkey:
   2,000

Rest of World:
   1.145,000 (est.)
Languages
Polish
Religion
Predominantly Roman Catholic with Atheist, Protestant and orthodox minorities.
Related ethnic groups
other Czechs, Kashubians, Poles, Slovaks, and Sorbs , especially West Slavs

Poles (Template:Lang-pl) are a western Slavic people inhabiting the country of Poland (in Eastern Europe) and a number of other states in the world, where they form a significant Polish diaspora. There is no commonly accepted definition of the Poles. According to the preamble of the Constitution of Poland, the Polish Nation consists of all citizens of Poland. However, like in most European countries, many people limit the group to native speakers of the Polish language, people that share certain views or traditions, or people who share a common ethnic background originating from Poland. Modern Poles are linguistically West Slavic, while their ancestors are derived primarily from Germanics as well as varied Celts, Samatians, Balts, and Uralic elements.

Statistics

Poles are the second largest Slavic nation after Russians in terms of population number, just ahead of Ukrainians, and the largest predominantly Roman Catholic one. Estimates vary greatly, though most data suggests a total number around 50 million. There are 38 million Poles in Poland alone as well as autochthonous Polish minorities in the surrounding countries such as Germany, Lithuania, Ukraine, and Belarus. There are some smaller minorities in other nearby countries like Moldova and Latvia. Note that there was/is also a Polish minority in the Soviet Union which included autochthonous Poles as well as some forcibly transferred Poles. The total number of Poles in the former Soviet Union is estimated at 3 million.

The term "Polonia" is usually used in Poland to refer to people of Polish origin who live outside Polish borders, officially estimated at around 10 to 12 million. There is a notable Polish diaspora in the United States, Canada, Mexico, and Brazil (see Polish Brazilian). In the United States a significant number of Polish immigrants settled in Chicago, Detroit, New York City, and Buffalo. In recent years, since joining the European Union, many Polish people have emigrated to countries such as Ireland, where an estimated 150,000 Polish people have entered the labour market and in the United Kingdom, where a quarter of a million have entered.

Medieval Polish tribes

The following is the list of tribes that constituted the lands of Poland in the early Middle Ages, at the beginning of the Polish state. Some of them have remained a separate ethnicity while others have been assimilated into the culture of Poland.

European Union

Since Poland joined the EU in May 2004, 307,670 Poles have registered to work in the United Kingdom, although since many of these work in seasonal occupations such as agriculture, a large number are likely to have since returned home. Although they have been well received, due to the fact that the vast majority are in employment and few claim benefits, the migration has caused some controversy, as local schools, hospitals and housing are put under increasing pressure, especially in rural areas unused to receiving large number of migrants. Another 200,000 Poles have emigrated to Ireland as well as other Western EU nations.

Ethnic Poles

Ethnic Poles are those who are considered by others or by themselves, to be ethnically Polish rather than anything else but who do not live within Poland nor hold its citizenship. People in this category are usually considered ethnic Poles by others, but sometimes by themselves. For instance, some people with visibly Polish surnames in Germany and Austria who do not consider themselves as Poles are sometimes considered ethnic Poles. The concept of ethnic Poles can be defined by this following criteria:

Ethnic Poles are people who may not have a connection to the Polish language, culture or citizenship, but are identified or seen as being Polish in countries outside of Poland, due to such factors as having Polish or partly Polish parents or ancestors. This is an attempt to explain Polish identity whether it comes from others or oneself. People with Polish or partly-Polish family names can be discussed even if nothing else is known about their ancestry at the present time except for that.


Notes

  1. Excel spreadsheet from Polish Central Statistical Office
  2. Poles in US (PDF) The American Community Survey 2004 by the US Census Bureau estimates 9,385,233 people claiming Polish ancestry.
  3. German text about polish migrants. Lists with Germanys aliens.
  4. 1.5 milion people in Germany have a connection to the Polish language, culture and their family in Poland. Only 330,000 people in Germany has not the german citizenship (2005).
  5. Poles in Brazil
  6. List of Canadians by ethnicity
  7. Poles in Argentina
  8. Poles in Belarus
  9. Poles in Lithuania
  10. Poles in Australia
  11. Poles in Ukraine
  12. Poles in Russia
  13. CIA World Factbook
  14. http://wtd.vlada.cz/files/rvk/rnm/zprava_mensiny_2001_en.pdf
  15. Poles in Italy
  17. Poles in Netherlands
  18. Poles in Austria
  20. Poles around the World (>polonia > statystyka)
  21. This estimate includes people of non-primary ethnic origin.
  22. Home Office, Department for Work and Pensions, HM Revenue & Customs and Department for Communities and Local Government, Accession Monitoring Report: May 2004-September 2006, 21 November 2006, accessed 22 November 2006.

See also

External links

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