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Men Going Their Own Way (MGTOW /ˈmɪɡtaʊ/) is an anti-feminist, misogynistic, mostly-online community advocating for men to separate themselves from women and from a society which they believe has been corrupted by feminism. The community is a part of the manosphere, a collection of anti-feminist websites and online communities that also includes the men's rights movement, incels, and pickup artists.

Like other manosphere communities, MGTOW overlaps with the alt-right and white supremacist movements, and it has been implicated in online harassment of women. The Southern Poverty Law Center categorizes MGTOW as a part of the male supremacist ideology.

History

While it is not clear where the MGTOW ideology originated, it is believed to have emerged in the early 2000s. A blog called No Ma'am was one of the first sites dedicated to the ideology, publishing a "MGTOW Manifesto" in 2001. Earlier members of MGTOW were largely libertarian. There is a divide between early and contemporary members of MGTOW, with some earlier members expressing derision for the present-day MGTOW community. There have been several prominent online MGTOW sites, including the subreddit r/MGTOW, created in 2011, smaller auxiliary subreddits, and the MGTOW Forum, an independent website that emerged in 2014. Following Reddit's 2017 ban of a large incel subreddit, r/MGTOW was briefly the largest and most active manosphere forum on the site.

MGTOW communities began to merge with the alt-right when it came to prominence beginning in 2015. The two groups overlap both in membership and in ideology; both believe that feminism has destroyed Western society. MGTOW and other manosphere communities also overlap with various white supremacist, authoritarian, and populist movements worldwide. Far-right commentator and polemicist Milo Yiannopoulos is credited with helping to popularize MGTOW with a 2014 Breitbart article about "the Sexodus", in which he described men who were eschewing women, love, sex, and marriage because of feminism.

Researchers have implicated MGTOW communities in online harassment of women. In January 2020, a group of computer scientists published a preprint of a paper titled "The Evolution of the Manosphere Across the Web"; r/MGTOW and the MGTOW Forum were among the online communities which the authors said "have been growing in size and in their involvement in online harassment and real-world violence." The paper was described in MIT Technology Review as "the most complete picture yet of the misogynistic groups that fuel the incel movement online" and in Der Spiegel as "the most comprehensive attempt yet to analyze the manosphere online". Shortly after publication, Reddit quarantined r/MGTOW, a restriction the platform applies to subreddits determined to be "extremely offensive or upsetting to the average redditor" which prevents them from earning advertising revenue and requires visitors to agree to seeing potentially offensive content before entering. r/MGTOW was banned in August 2021 for breaking the site's policies against promotion of violence and hate.

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On October 6 2022, Global News reported that there were hidden tags labeled "#mgtow" in videos uploaded by the team-managed YouTube channel of Canadian Conservative Party and Official Opposition leader, Pierre Poilievre, since March 2018. Poilievre's team said that he immediately had them remove the tag as soon as he was made aware. When Poilievre was questioned about MGTOW, he stated "I condemn this organization" and "we on this side reject all misogyny and all acts of extremism, and that is how we will always conduct ourselves over here".

Membership

Members of MGTOW communities are primarily heterosexual, white, middle-class men from North America and Europe. Unlike some other manosphere groups, MGTOW is exclusively male. MGTOW often disavow hierarchies and claim to be leaderless; some deny that MGTOW is a group or movement at all, instead emphasizing each member's individuality and independence within a collective. Researcher Callum Jones and colleagues write in New Media & Society that "while the precise number of MGTOW followers is unclear, it appears to be a popular and growing group within the Manosphere: the subreddit r/MGTOW has grown from 54,000 members in early 2018 to 104,000 members in early 2019 and there are 32,859 members listed on one MGTOW forum." Author Donna Zuckerberg described MGTOW in her 2018 book Not All Dead White Men as smaller than the men's human rights movement and the seduction (pickup artistry) communities, with the MGTOW Forum having over 25,000 subscribers and r/MGTOW having over 35,000.

Ideology

At the center of MGTOW ideology is the notion of male separatism and the belief that society has been corrupted by feminism. MGTOW groups are misogynist and anti-feminist, believing that feminism has made women dangerous to men, and that male self-preservation requires dissociating completely from women. They believe there is systemic gynocentric bias against men, including double standards in gender roles and bias against men in family courts. MGTOW groups share a belief common among other manosphere groups that women follow a similar pattern in dating and marriage: young and attractive women are promiscuous and engage in "hypergamy", having sex with numerous men and abandoning a man if a "higher-value" man shows interest. They believe women gravitate towards "alpha men" who are attractive but mistreat them, reinforcing the ideology of feminism. According to MGTOW, as women begin to age, they settle down with "beta males" who provide for them financially, but to whom they deny sex, sometimes engaging in extramarital sex with more attractive men; these relationships ultimately lead to divorce, in which the women will be favored by the courts due to what MGTOW call female privilege.

Scott Wright and colleagues at Monash University write that "MGTOW propagate extensive and wide-ranging passive or undirected harassment and misogyny on Twitter." Fellows at the Institute for Research on Male Supremacism publishing with the International Centre for Counter-Terrorism have said that members of MGTOW "openly disdain women, and normalize it through online harassment." The Southern Poverty Law Center categorizes MGTOW as a part of the male supremacist ideology, a category they began tracking on their hate group tracking project, Hate Map, in 2018.

Men in the MGTOW community use jargon shared by the broader manosphere, including the red pill and blue pill metaphor borrowed from the film The Matrix. Those in the manosphere who have been awakened from feminist "delusion" to the supposed reality that society is fundamentally misandrist and dominated by feminist values are said to be "redpilled" or have "taken the red pill"; those who do not accept that ideology are referred to as "bluepilled". Other jargon includes pejorative terms for other men such as "beta", "cuck", "soy boy", and "white knight".

Members of MGTOW communities track their engagement with the ideology on a series of four levels. At the first level, men believe they are used and manipulated by women (called "situational awareness" or the "red pill") but still believe in the value of marriage; they are sometimes described as "purple pilled". At the second level, men reject long-term relationships, cohabitation, and marriage, but will still participate in shorter term relationships and sexual encounters. At the third level, men reject short-term relationships and limit their interactions with women. At the fourth level, men minimize their engagement with the state and society, including employment; this is called "going ghost".

Relation to other manosphere groups

The MGTOW community is a part of the manosphere, a heterogeneous group of websites, blogs, and online forums promoting some forms of masculinity, hostility towards women, strong opposition to feminism, and exaggerated misogyny. In addition to MGTOW, the men's rights movement, incels, pick-up artists, and father's rights movements also make up the manosphere.

Men's rights movement

Although some consider MGTOW to be a part of the men's rights movement, others have cited MGTOW's separatist ideology as distinguishing them from the men's rights movement, which engages in activism to try to drive societal change. According to Donna Zuckerberg, early MGTOW groups were primarily libertarian and opposed to "big government"; this led to a rift with the men's rights movements who wished to lobby for governmental change, particularly with regards to custody and divorce law.

Pickup artistry

The MGTOW community has a reciprocal disdain for pickup artists (PUAs) due to their differing opinions towards women. Whereas MGTOW focuses on separating entirely from women, pickup artists focus on developing techniques to have sex with women. PUA communities have mocked MGTOW as "Virgins Going Their Own Way". MGTOW communities deride PUAs as being entirely dependent on women's approval, and because they place so much value in attaining sexual success with women, MGTOW says PUA communities contribute to what they see as overvaluing of women in gynocentric society.

Explanatory notes

1. The MGTOW Wiki divides social and economic disengagement into separate levels.

Citations

1. BBC (2016).
2. Wright, Trott & Jones (2020), pp. 3–4; Nagle (2017), p. 94; Zuckerberg (2018), p. 19; Lin (2017), p. 78
3. Hodapp (2017), p. xviii; Jones, Trott & Wright (2020), p. 2; Ging (2019), p. 644; Zuckerberg (2018), p. 18; Nagle (2017), p. 93
4. Zuckerberg (2018), p. 19; Ging & Siapera (2019), p. x
5. Wright, Trott & Jones (2020), p. 2; Nagle (2017), pp. 18, 94; Ribeiro et al. (2020), p. 1
6. ^ "Male Supremacy". Southern Poverty Law Center. Archived from the original on June 7, 2018.
7. Lin (2017), pp. 87–88.
8. Zuckerberg (2018), pp. 27–28.
9. ^ Zuckerberg (2018), p. 19.
10. Ribeiro et al. (2020), pp. 5–6.
11. ^ Nagle (2017), p. 94.
12. Ging & Siapera (2019), p. x.
13. Ribeiro et al. (2020), p. 1.
14. ^ Basu (2020).
15. Baumgärtner et al. (2021).
16. Thalen (2021).
17. ^ Cite error: The named reference globalyoutube was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
18. Lin (2017), pp. 77–78.
19. Wright, Trott & Jones (2020), p. 4; Lin (2017), pp. 91–92
20. Jones, Trott & Wright (2020), p. 3.
21. ^ Lin (2017), p. 78.
22. Wright, Trott & Jones (2020), pp. 3–4; Nagle (2017), p. 94; Zuckerberg (2018), p. 19; Lin (2017), p. 77; Hodapp (2017), pp. xvii–xviii
23. Lin (2017), pp. 88–89; Nagle (2017), pp. 95–97; Ging (2019), pp. 648–651; Van Valkenburgh (2018), p. 9; Zuckerberg (2018), p. 19
24. Wright, Trott & Jones (2020), p. 2.
25. Jasser, Kelly & Rothermel (2020).
26. Janik (2018).
27. Winter (2019), pp. 51–54; Lumsden (2019), p. 99; Ging (2019), p. 640; Zuckerberg (2018), pp. 1–2, 12–13; Nagle (2017), pp. 93–94
28. Wright, Trott & Jones (2020), p. 13.
29. ^ Lin (2017), p. 90.
30. ^ Hodapp (2017), p. xviii.
31. Lin (2017), p. 90; Nagle (2017), p. 94
32. Hodapp (2017), p. xviii; Lin (2017), p. 90; Nagle (2017), p. 94
33. Hodapp (2017), p. xviii; Lin (2017), p. 90
34. Hodapp (2017), p. xv; Lumsden (2019), pp. 98–99; Marwick & Lewis (2017), p. 13
35. Jones, Trott & Wright (2020), p. 2; Nagle (2017), pp. 86–87; Zuckerberg (2018), p. 17
36. Schmitz & Kazyak (2016), p. 4.
37. Jones, Trott & Wright (2020), p. 2.
38. Zuckerberg (2018), pp. 18–19.
39. Zuckerberg (2018), p. 123.

Works cited

• Basu, Tanya (February 7, 2020). "The 'manosphere' is getting more toxic as angry men join the incels". MIT Technology Review.
• "Men at War". Reggie Yates' Extreme UK. Season 1. Episode 2. January 12, 2016. 22 minutes in. BBC. BBC Three.
• Boutilier, Alex (October 6, 2022). "Pierre Poilievre's YouTube channel included hidden misogynistic tag to promote videos". Global News. Retrieved October 6, 2022.
• Ging, Debbie (2019). "Alphas, Betas, and Incels: Theorizing the Masculinities of the Manosphere". Men and Masculinities. 22 (4): 638–657. doi:10.1177/1097184X17706401. ISSN 1097-184X. S2CID 149239953.
• Ging, Debbie; Siapera, Eugenia, eds. (2019). Gender Hate Online: Understanding the New Anti-Feminism. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-96226-9. ISBN 978-3-319-96226-9. OCLC 1108619233.
• Hodapp, Christa (2017). Men's Rights, Gender, and Social Media. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books. ISBN 978-1-49-852617-3.
• Janik, Rachel (April 24, 2018). ""I laugh at the death of normies": How incels are celebrating the Toronto mass killing". Hatewatch. Southern Poverty Law Center.
• Jasser, Greta; Kelly, Megan; Rothermel, Ann-Kathrin (May 20, 2020). "Male supremacism and the Hanau terrorist attack: between online misogyny and far-right violence". International Centre for Counter-Terrorism Journal. International Centre for Counter-Terrorism.
• Jones, Callum; Trott, Verity; Wright, Scott (2020). "Sluts and soyboys: MGTOW and the production of misogynistic online harassment". New Media & Society. 22 (10): 1903–1921. doi:10.1177/1461444819887141. ISSN 1461-4448. S2CID 210530415.
• Lin, Jie Liang (2017). "Antifeminism Online: MGTOW (Men Going Their Own Way)". In Frömming, Urte Undine; Köhn, Steffen; Fox, Samantha; Terry, Mike (eds.). Digital Environments: Ethnographic Perspectives Across Global Online and Offline Spaces. Edition Medienwissenschaft. Transcript Verlag. pp. 77–96. ISBN 978-3-8376-3497-6. JSTOR j.ctv1xxrxw.9. MGTOW comprises [sic] of mostly straight, white, middle-class men from North America and Europe. Unlike other antifeminist groups, MGTOW espouse the abandonment of women and a Western society that has been corrupted by feminism.
• Lumsden, Karen (2019). "'I Want to Kill You in Front of Your Children' Is Not a Threat. It's an Expression of a Desire': Discourses of Online Abuse, Trolling, and Violence on r/MensRights". In Lumsden, Karen; Harmer, Emily (eds.). Online Othering: Exploring Digital Violence and Discrimination on the Web. Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 91–115. ISBN 978-3-03-012632-2.
• Marwick, Alice; Lewis, Rebecca (May 15, 2017). Media Manipulation and Disinformation Online (Report). New York: Data & Society Research Institute. Retrieved June 13, 2020.
• Nagle, Angela (2017). Kill All Normies: Online Culture Wars From 4Chan And Tumblr To Trump And The Alt-Right. Alresford, England: Zero Books. ISBN 978-1-78535-543-1.
• Ribeiro, Manoel Horta; Blackburn, Jeremy; Bradlyn, Barry; et al. (January 21, 2020). "The Evolution of the Manosphere Across the Web". arXiv:2001.07600v2 .
• Raycraft, Richard (October 6, 2022). "Poilievre faces calls to apologize, explain misogynist YouTube tags". CBC News. Retrieved October 6, 2022.
• Baumgärtner, Maik; Höfner, Roman; Müller, Ann-Katrin; Rosenbach, Marcel; Spiegel, Der (March 10, 2021). "Hatred Against Women: The Dark World of Extremist Misogyny". Der Spiegel. Retrieved March 25, 2021.
• Schmitz, Rachel M.; Kazyak, Emily (2016). Robinson, Christine M.; Spivey, Sue (eds.). "Masculinities in Cyberspace: An Analysis of Portrayals of Manhood in Men's Rights Activist Websites". Social Sciences. 5 (2): 18. doi:10.3390/socsci5020018.
• Thalen, Mikael (August 3, 2021). "Reddit bans notorious anti-feminist subreddit 'Men Going Their Own Way'". The Daily Dot. Retrieved August 4, 2021.
• Van Valkenburgh, Shawn P. (December 4, 2018). "Digesting the Red Pill: Masculinity and Neoliberalism in the Manosphere". Men and Masculinities. 24: 84–103. doi:10.1177/1097184X18816118. ISSN 1097-184X. S2CID 233999876.
• Winter, Aaron (2019). "Online Hate: From the Far-Right to the 'Alt-Right' and from the Margins to the Mainstream". In Lumsden, Karen; Harmer, Emily (eds.). Online Othering: Exploring Digital Violence and Discrimination on the Web. Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 39–64. ISBN 978-3-03-012632-2.
• Wright, Scott; Trott, Verity; Jones, Callum (2020). "'The pussy ain't worth it, bro': assessing the discourse and structure of MGTOW". Information, Communication & Society. 23 (6): 908–925. doi:10.1080/1369118X.2020.1751867. ISSN 1369-118X. S2CID 219023052. MGTOWs also contribute to the propagation of online harassment. Their contribution to a 'digital culture of misogyny' combined with their rapid growth as other Manosphere groups face sanctions, positions them as an influential group within the Manosphere
• "Add tags to your YouTube video". YouTube. YouTube Help. Retrieved October 6, 2022.
• Zuckerberg, Donna (2018). Not All Dead White Men: Classics and Misogyny in the Digital Age. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-98982-5. OCLC 1020311558.

Further reading

• Daubney, Martin (November 15, 2015). "Meet the men giving up on women". The Sunday Times. ISSN 0956-1382.
• Lamoureux, Mack (September 24, 2015). "Inside the Group of Straight Men Who Are Swearing Off Women". Vice.

External links

• The dictionary definition of MGTOW at Wiktionary

• Alt-right
• Celibacy
• Criticism of feminism
• Criticism of marriage
• Internet culture
• Manosphere
• Masculinity
• Men and feminism
• Men's movement
• Men's rights
• Misogyny
• Opposition to feminism
• /pol/ phenomena
• Sexual attraction
• Social issues