| Revision as of 02:11, 12 July 2021 editSecretlondon (talk | contribs)Administrators42,177 edits Rescuing 7 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.8Tag: IABotManagementConsole [1.2]← Previous edit | Latest revision as of 15:38, 6 March 2024 edit undoTúrelio (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users, Pending changes reviewers11,222 editsm (GR) Duplicate: File:Medvedev at okno July 2009.jpg → File:Dmitry Medvedev in Tajikistan 31 July 2009-3.jpg Exact or scaled-down duplicate: c::File:Dmitry Medvedev in Tajikistan 31 July 2009-3.jpg | ||
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| {{about|the space surveillance station in Tajikistan|village in Poland|Okno, West Pomeranian Voivodeship|island in Sweden|Oknö}} | {{about|the space surveillance station in Tajikistan|village in Poland|Okno, West Pomeranian Voivodeship|island in Sweden|Oknö}} | ||
| {{Infobox military installation | {{Infobox military installation | ||
| | ensign = File:Russian military space troops flag.svg | |||
| | ensign_size = 90px | |||
| |name = Okno | |name = Okno | ||
| |native_name = | |native_name = | ||
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| The Okno facility was started by the Soviet Union in 1979 using thousands of military unit No. 14464 "Construction Forces" draftees. All construction stopped in 1992 due to the ] and the centre started test operations in 1999 and combat duty in 2004.<ref name="Kremlin-Okno"/> Ownership of the complex was transferred from Tajikistan to Russia in 2004 in return for the writing off of $242 million ] of Tajikistan's US$299 million debt to Russia.<ref name="Lenta-Okno"/><ref name="prize"/> | The Okno facility was started by the Soviet Union in 1979 using thousands of military unit No. 14464 "Construction Forces" draftees. All construction stopped in 1992 due to the ] and the centre started test operations in 1999 and combat duty in 2004.<ref name="Kremlin-Okno"/> Ownership of the complex was transferred from Tajikistan to Russia in 2004 in return for the writing off of $242 million ] of Tajikistan's US$299 million debt to Russia.<ref name="Lenta-Okno"/><ref name="prize"/> | ||
| A Russian-operated space surveillance system located in Tajikistan, Okno-M, has reached its full capacity, making it four times more powerful, the Russian Ministry of Defense reports in July 2015. The surveillance station successfully underwent state tests late in 2014.{{ |
A Russian-operated space surveillance system located in Tajikistan, Okno-M, has reached its full capacity, making it four times more powerful, the Russian Ministry of Defense reports in July 2015. The surveillance station successfully underwent state tests late in 2014.<ref>{{cite news|title=Russian Aerospace Defense Forces Get Improved Surveillance System|date=August 3, 2015|url=https://missiledefenseadvocacy.org/threat-news/russian-aerospace-defense-forces-get-improved-surveillance-system/ | ||
| |publisher=Missile Defense Advocacy Alliance|access-date=May 14, 2023}}</ref> | |||
| When it was built it was believed by some in the west to be a military ] laser facility rather than one for optical tracking. In 1987 John E. Pike of the ] was quoted as saying "''Whether or not this facility will be capable of shooting down satellites or 'Star Wars,' it most certainly is developing the kind of technology that would eventually be able to do so."''<ref name="fas-okno"/><ref name="Lasersite"/><ref name="heritage"/> | When it was built it was believed by some in the west to be a military ] laser facility rather than one for optical tracking. In 1987 John E. Pike of the ] was quoted as saying "''Whether or not this facility will be capable of shooting down satellites or 'Star Wars,' it most certainly is developing the kind of technology that would eventually be able to do so."''<ref name="fas-okno"/><ref name="Lasersite"/><ref name="heritage"/> | ||
| A complex like Okno features in the ] novel ], based on actual satellite photography of the site. The description of the installations in the book matches closely its actual configuration though not its real purpose, as the book is based on Okno being a laser antimissile system. The facility is also featured in the game ] as an anti-aircraft base. | |||
| ==Function== | ==Function== | ||
| ] with Tajik President ] and Space Forces commander ], Okno, July 2009]] | ] with Tajik President ] and Space Forces commander ], Okno, July 2009]] | ||
| Okno is a facility for tracking and monitoring man-made space objects. The Russian military claims that it automatically detects objects at altitudes up to {{convert|40000|km}}. This is above ] and includes satellites in ], ] and some in ]. It only works at night and works passively by picking up reflected sunlight off objects.<ref name="prize"/><ref name="RT-okno"/> After 2014 modernization its range was increased to 50,000 km.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://news.rambler.ru/science/35393642-okno-v-tadzhikistane-uvidit-50-tysyach-km-kosmosa/ |title= |
Okno is a facility for tracking and monitoring man-made space objects. The Russian military claims that it automatically detects objects at altitudes up to {{convert|40000|km}}. This is above ] and includes satellites in ], ] and some in ]. It only works at night and works passively by picking up reflected sunlight off objects.<ref name="prize"/><ref name="RT-okno"/> After 2014 modernization its range was increased to 50,000 km.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://news.rambler.ru/science/35393642-okno-v-tadzhikistane-uvidit-50-tysyach-km-kosmosa/ |title="Окно" в Таджикистане "увидит" объекты в космосе на расстоянии 50 тысяч км — Рамблер/новости |access-date=2016-12-01 |archive-date=2016-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161202040152/https://news.rambler.ru/science/35393642-okno-v-tadzhikistane-uvidit-50-tysyach-km-kosmosa/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
| ==External links== | ==External links== | ||
Latest revision as of 15:38, 6 March 2024
This article is about the space surveillance station in Tajikistan. For village in Poland, see Okno, West Pomeranian Voivodeship. For island in Sweden, see Oknö.Okno | |
|---|---|
| Nurak, Tajikistan | |
.jpg) Okno telescopes | |
  Okno | |
| Coordinates | 38°16′52″N 69°13′30″E / 38.281°N 69.225°E / 38.281; 69.225 |
| Type | Space surveillance facility |
| Site information | |
| Owner | Russia |
| Controlled by | Russian Space Forces |
| Open to the public | No |
| Condition | Operational |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1999 (1999) |
| Built by | Soviet Union/Russia |
Okno (Russian: Окно meaning window) is a Russian space surveillance station located in Nurak in Tajikistan. It is run by the Russian Space Forces and is part of the Centre for Outer Space Monitoring. It is located 2,216 metres (7,270 ft) above sea level in the Sanglok mountains, an area with clear night skies. Another facility, Okno-S, is in the Russian Far East.
The facility consists of a number of telescopes in domes and is similar to the US GEODSS system. It is designed for the detection and analysis of space objects such as satellites. The designers were awarded a Russian state prize for science and technology in 2004.
History
The Okno facility was started by the Soviet Union in 1979 using thousands of military unit No. 14464 "Construction Forces" draftees. All construction stopped in 1992 due to the civil war in Tajikistan and the centre started test operations in 1999 and combat duty in 2004. Ownership of the complex was transferred from Tajikistan to Russia in 2004 in return for the writing off of $242 million USD of Tajikistan's US$299 million debt to Russia.
A Russian-operated space surveillance system located in Tajikistan, Okno-M, has reached its full capacity, making it four times more powerful, the Russian Ministry of Defense reports in July 2015. The surveillance station successfully underwent state tests late in 2014.
When it was built it was believed by some in the west to be a military anti-satellite laser facility rather than one for optical tracking. In 1987 John E. Pike of the Federation of American Scientists was quoted as saying "Whether or not this facility will be capable of shooting down satellites or 'Star Wars,' it most certainly is developing the kind of technology that would eventually be able to do so."
Function
Okno is a facility for tracking and monitoring man-made space objects. The Russian military claims that it automatically detects objects at altitudes up to 40,000 kilometres (25,000 mi). This is above low Earth orbit and includes satellites in medium Earth orbit, geostationary orbit and some in high Earth orbit. It only works at night and works passively by picking up reflected sunlight off objects. After 2014 modernization its range was increased to 50,000 km.
External links
| Main Space Intelligence Centre (2012) | |
|---|---|
| Parent unit | Space Command |
| Components | |
References
- ^ Таджикистан передал России электронную станцию слежения за космосом (in Russian). Lenta.ru. 2004-10-16. Archived from the original on 2011-02-18. Retrieved 2012-03-12.
- ^ "Okno ELINT complex in Tajikistan is becoming Russian". Ferghana Information Agency. 2006-04-17. Archived from the original on 2012-04-15. Retrieved 2012-03-13.
- "Оптико-электронный комплекс "Окно" (Optical-Electronic complex "Okno")" (in Russian). Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation. n.d. Archived from the original on 2013-01-24. Retrieved 2012-03-17.
- ^ Sourcebook on the Okno (в/ч 52168), Krona (в/ч 20096) and Krona-N (в/ч 20776) Space Surveillance Sites (PDF). Federation of American Scientists. 2008-12-30. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2012-05-22. Retrieved July 31, 2012.
- ^ "Russia's military window on space". Russia Today. 2008-03-04. Archived from the original on 2010-04-11. Retrieved 2012-03-12.
- ТАДЖИКИСТАН. Дмитрий Медведев и Президент Таджикистана Эмомали Рахмон посетили российскую оптико-электронную станцию обнаружения и распознавания космических объектов (ОЭС) "Окно". (in Russian). President of Russia. 31 July 2009. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 2012-03-12.
- "Russian Aerospace Defense Forces Get Improved Surveillance System". Missile Defense Advocacy Alliance. August 3, 2015. Retrieved May 14, 2023.
- William J Broad (1987-10-23). "Private Satellite Photos Offer Clues About Soviet Laser Site". New York Times. Archived from the original on 2011-01-21. Retrieved 2012-03-12.
- Robin Ranger (1988-09-14). "Red Horizons: The U.S. Response to Soviet Military Gains in Space". The Heritage Foundation. Archived from the original on 2021-07-12. Retrieved 2012-11-30.
massive Soviet laser facility under construction at Dushanbe
- ""Окно" в Таджикистане "увидит" объекты в космосе на расстоянии 50 тысяч км — Рамблер/новости". Archived from the original on 2016-12-02. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
| Soviet and Russian long range military radars | |
|---|---|
| Early Warning | |
| Space Surveillance | |