330 BC: Difference between revisions

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	== Events ==		== Events ==

	<onlyinclude>
	=== By place ===		=== By place ===

	==== Macedonian Empire ====		==== Macedonian Empire ====
	* ] – ] defeats the ], led by satrap ], at the ]. In this battle, Ariobarzan, supported by only 700 ], holds the vast Macedonian army of 17,000 men at bay for 30 days. At the end, his troops are surrounded by Alexander's army, because of a Persian shepherd, who leads it around the Persian defenses. However, instead of surrendering, Ariobarzan and his 700 Immortals fight to the last man. Some historians consider him to be the ''] of Persia''.		* ] – ] defeats the ], led by satrap ], at the ].<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Bloedow \|first=Edmund F. \|last2=Loube \|first2=Heather M. \|date=1997-02-01 \|title=Alexander the Great “Under Fire” at Persepolis \|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1524/klio.1997.79.2.341/html \|journal=Klio \|language=de \|volume=79 \|issue=2 \|pages=341–353 \|doi=10.1524/klio.1997.79.2.341 \|issn=2192-7669}}</ref> In this battle, Ariobarzan, supported by only 700 ], holds the vast Macedonian army of 17,000 men at bay for 30 days. At the end, his troops are surrounded by Alexander's army, because of a Persian shepherd, who leads it around the Persian defenses. However, instead of surrendering, Ariobarzan and his 700 Immortals fight to the last man. Some historians consider him to be the ] of Persia.
	* ] – After gaining the Pass of the Persian Gates, Alexander enters ]. There he ceremonially burns down the palace of ], as a symbol that the Panhellenic war of revenge is at an end.		* ] – After gaining the Pass of the Persian Gates, Alexander enters ]. There he ceremonially burns down the palace of ], as a symbol that the Panhellenic war of revenge is at an end.
	* Before continuing his pursuit of ], who has retreated into ], Alexander assembles all the Persian treasure and entrusts it to ], who is to hold it at ] as chief treasurer. ] is also left behind in ] to manage communications between Alexander and the rest of his rapidly growing lands.		* Before continuing his pursuit of ], who has retreated into ], Alexander assembles all the Persian treasure and entrusts it to ], who is to hold it at ] as chief treasurer. ] is also left behind in ] to manage communications between Alexander and the rest of his rapidly growing lands.
	* Alexander appoints ] as the satrap of ] while ] is appointed by Alexander as satrap of ].		* Alexander appoints ] as the satrap of ] while ] is appointed by Alexander as satrap of ].
	* Crossing the ] to the ], Alexander seizes Zadracarta in ] and receives the submission of a group of satraps and Persian notables, some of whom he confirms in their offices. He then travels westward and defeats the Mardi, a mountain people who inhabit the Elburz Mountains. He also accepts the surrender of Darius' Greek mercenaries.		* Crossing the ] to the ], Alexander seizes Zadracarta in ] and receives the submission of a group of satraps and Persian notables, some of whom he confirms in their offices. He then travels westward and defeats the Mardi, a ] who inhabit the Elburz Mountains. He also accepts the surrender of Darius' Greek mercenaries.
	* In ], Alexander's army defeats the satrap ], who initially offers to submit, only to later revolt. Alexander then founds the town of ] (modern ]).		* In ], Alexander's army defeats the satrap ], who initially offers to submit, only to later revolt.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Bosworth \|first=A. B. \|date=1983 \|title=A Missing year in the history of Alexander the Great \|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-hellenic-studies/article/abs/missing-year-in-the-history-of-alexander-the-great/906F1936E4261E6DC7560205206E417F \|journal=The Journal of Hellenic Studies \|language=en \|volume=101 \|pages=17–39 \|doi=10.2307/629841 \|issn=2041-4099}}</ref> Alexander then founds the town of ] (modern ]).
	* At Phrada, in ], ], ]'s son and commander of the elite Macedonian companion cavalry, is implicated in an alleged plot against Alexander's life. He is condemned by the army, and executed. A secret message is sent by Alexander to Cleander, Parmenion's second in command, who obediently kills Parmenion at ] in Media for fear that he ~~would~~ rise up in revolt at the news of his son's death. All ~~Parmenio~~'s adherents are now eliminated and men close to Alexander are promoted.		* At Phrada, in ], ], ]'s son and commander of the elite Macedonian ], is implicated in an alleged plot against Alexander's life. He is condemned by the army, and executed. A secret message is sent by Alexander to Cleander, Parmenion's second in command, who obediently kills Parmenion at ] in Media for fear that he will rise up in revolt at the news of his son's death. All of Parmenion's adherents are now eliminated and men close to Alexander are promoted.

	==== Persian Empire ====		==== Persian Empire ====
	* ] – King ] is deposed and killed by ], the ] of ]. Bessus assumes the kingship as Artaxerxes IV.		* ] – King ] is deposed and killed by ], the ] of ]. Bessus assumes the kingship as Artaxerxes V.<ref name=darIII/>

	==== ~~Greece~~ ====		==== Macedonia ====
	* Alexander's regent in ]ia, ], makes peace with the ] (with whom he has been warring) and then marches south with a large force of over 40,000 men. He wins a hard-fought ] in Arcadia against ] of ] and his Greek mercenaries. Agis III is killed, and Spartan resistance is broken.		* Alexander's regent in ]ia, ], makes peace with the ] (with whom he has been warring) and then marches south with a large force of over 40,000 men. He wins a hard-fought ] in Arcadia against ] of ] and his Greek mercenaries. Agis III is killed, and Spartan resistance is broken.{{Citation Needed\|date=June 2022}}
	* ] continues to try to prevent ] from being awarded a golden crown for his services to ]. The case, which has begun in ], finally concludes with the overwhelming defeat of Aeschines, largely because of Demosthenes' brilliant speech for ] ('']'').		* ] continues to try to prevent ] from being awarded a golden crown for his services to ]. The case, which has begun in ], finally concludes with the overwhelming defeat of Aeschines, largely because of Demosthenes' brilliant speech for ] ('']'').{{citation needed\|date=November 2020}}
	* Following his defeat in the courts by Demosthenes, Aeschines leaves Athens for ], to teach ].		* Following his defeat in the courts by Demosthenes, Aeschines leaves Athens for ], to teach ].

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	=== By topic ===		=== By topic ===

	==== Art ====		==== Art ====
	* ] makes a bronze statue called ''The scraper'' (]) (approximate date). A Roman copy after the original statue is today kept at ] in ].		* ] makes a bronze statue called ''The scraper'' (]) (approximate date). A Roman copy after the original statue is today kept at ] in ].
	</onlyinclude>

	== Births ==		== Births ==
	*

			{{Empty section\|date=July 2019}}

	== Deaths ==		== Deaths ==
	* ], king of ] (murdered) (b. c. ])
	* ], Eurypontid king of ] (killed in battle)		* ], Eurypontid king of ] (killed in battle)
			* ], king of ], was killed in ] (b. c. ])<ref name=darIII>{{cite web \| access-date=February 25, 2024 \| url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Darius-III \| title=Darius III \| series=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref>
		⚫	* ], Chaldean astronomer and mathematician
	* ] (also Parmenio), Macedonian general (murdered) (b. c. ])		* ] (also Parmenio), Macedonian general (murdered) (b. c. ])
			* ], Macedonian officer and son of Parmenio (executed)
⚫	* ], ]n astronomer and mathematician
	* ] of ], Greek historian and rhetorician (b. c. ])		* ] of ], Greek historian and rhetorician (b. c. ])


	== References ==		== References ==
	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}

	{{DEFAULTSORT:330 Bc}}
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Latest revision as of 22:36, 14 April 2024

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Calendar year

Millennium:	1st millennium BC
Centuries:	5th century BC 4th century BC 3rd century BC
Decades:	350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC
Years:	333 BC 332 BC 331 BC 330 BC 329 BC 328 BC 327 BC

Politics
330 BC by topic
State leaders Political entities
Categories
Births Deaths
v t e

330 BC in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	330 BC CCCXXX BC
Ab urbe condita	424
Ancient Egypt era	XXXII dynasty, 3
- Pharaoh	Alexander the Great, 3
Ancient Greek era	112th Olympiad, year 3
Assyrian calendar	4421
Balinese saka calendar	N/A
Bengali calendar	−922
Berber calendar	621
Buddhist calendar	215
Burmese calendar	−967
Byzantine calendar	5179–5180
Chinese calendar	庚寅年 (Metal Tiger) 2368 or 2161 — to — 辛卯年 (Metal Rabbit) 2369 or 2162
Coptic calendar	−613 – −612
Discordian calendar	837
Ethiopian calendar	−337 – −336
Hebrew calendar	3431–3432
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	−273 – −272
- Shaka Samvat	N/A
- Kali Yuga	2771–2772
Holocene calendar	9671
Iranian calendar	951 BP – 950 BP
Islamic calendar	980 BH – 979 BH
Javanese calendar	N/A
Julian calendar	N/A
Korean calendar	2004
Minguo calendar	2241 before ROC 民前2241年
Nanakshahi calendar	−1797
Thai solar calendar	213–214
Tibetan calendar	阳金虎年 (male Iron-Tiger) −203 or −584 or −1356 — to — 阴金兔年 (female Iron-Rabbit) −202 or −583 or −1355

Year 330 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Crassus and Venno (or, less frequently, year 424 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 330 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events

By place

Macedonian Empire

January 20 – Alexander the Great defeats the Persians, led by satrap Ariobarzanes, at the Persian Gates. In this battle, Ariobarzan, supported by only 700 Persian Immortals, holds the vast Macedonian army of 17,000 men at bay for 30 days. At the end, his troops are surrounded by Alexander's army, because of a Persian shepherd, who leads it around the Persian defenses. However, instead of surrendering, Ariobarzan and his 700 Immortals fight to the last man. Some historians consider him to be the Leonidas of Persia.
January 30 – After gaining the Pass of the Persian Gates, Alexander enters Persepolis. There he ceremonially burns down the palace of Xerxes I, as a symbol that the Panhellenic war of revenge is at an end.
Before continuing his pursuit of Darius III, who has retreated into Bactria, Alexander assembles all the Persian treasure and entrusts it to Harpalus, who is to hold it at Ecbatana as chief treasurer. Parmenion is also left behind in Media to manage communications between Alexander and the rest of his rapidly growing lands.
Alexander appoints Atropates as the satrap of Media while Mithrenes is appointed by Alexander as satrap of Armenia.
Crossing the Elburz Mountains to the Caspian Sea, Alexander seizes Zadracarta in Hyrcania and receives the submission of a group of satraps and Persian notables, some of whom he confirms in their offices. He then travels westward and defeats the Mardi, a mountain people who inhabit the Elburz Mountains. He also accepts the surrender of Darius' Greek mercenaries.
In Aria, Alexander's army defeats the satrap Satibarzanes, who initially offers to submit, only to later revolt. Alexander then founds the town of Alexandria of the Arians (modern Herat).
At Phrada, in Drangiana, Philotas, Parmenion's son and commander of the elite Macedonian companion cavalry, is implicated in an alleged plot against Alexander's life. He is condemned by the army, and executed. A secret message is sent by Alexander to Cleander, Parmenion's second in command, who obediently kills Parmenion at Ecbatana in Media for fear that he will rise up in revolt at the news of his son's death. All of Parmenion's adherents are now eliminated and men close to Alexander are promoted.

Persian Empire

July 17 – King Darius III is deposed and killed by Bessus, the satrap of Bactria. Bessus assumes the kingship as Artaxerxes V.

Macedonia

Alexander's regent in Macedonia, Antipater, makes peace with the Thracians (with whom he has been warring) and then marches south with a large force of over 40,000 men. He wins a hard-fought Battle of Megalopolis in Arcadia against Agis III of Sparta and his Greek mercenaries. Agis III is killed, and Spartan resistance is broken.
Aeschines continues to try to prevent Demosthenes from being awarded a golden crown for his services to Athens. The case, which has begun in 336 BC, finally concludes with the overwhelming defeat of Aeschines, largely because of Demosthenes' brilliant speech for Ctesiphon (On the Crown).
Following his defeat in the courts by Demosthenes, Aeschines leaves Athens for Rhodes, to teach rhetoric.

Roman Republic

The Italian cities of Fondi and Privernum, led by Vitruvius Vaccus, launch a failed revolt against Rome.

By topic

Art

Lysippos makes a bronze statue called The scraper (Apoxyomenos) (approximate date). A Roman copy after the original statue is today kept at Musei Vaticani in Rome.

Births

This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (July 2019)

Deaths

Agis III, Eurypontid king of Sparta (killed in battle)
Darius III, king of Persia, was killed in Bactria (b. c. 380 BC)
Kidinnu, Chaldean astronomer and mathematician
Parmenion (also Parmenio), Macedonian general (murdered) (b. c. 400 BC)
Philotas, Macedonian officer and son of Parmenio (executed)
Theopompus of Chios, Greek historian and rhetorician (b. c. 380 BC)

References

Bloedow, Edmund F.; Loube, Heather M. (February 1, 1997). "Alexander the Great "Under Fire" at Persepolis". Klio (in German). 79 (2): 341–353. doi:10.1524/klio.1997.79.2.341. ISSN 2192-7669.
Bosworth, A. B. (1983). "A Missing year in the history of Alexander the Great". The Journal of Hellenic Studies. 101: 17–39. doi:10.2307/629841. ISSN 2041-4099.
^ "Darius III". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved February 25, 2024.

Category:

330 BC