Hogenakkal Falls: Difference between revisions

Browse history interactively ← Previous editContent deleted Content addedVisual WikitextInline

Revision as of 11:14, 15 June 2006 view source203.99.195.2 (talk)No edit summary← Previous edit		Latest revision as of 20:06, 25 June 2024 view source Kku (talk \| contribs)Extended confirmed users115,374 editsm link hydropower
Line 1:		Line 1:
			{{pp-semi-sock\|small=yes}}
	'''Hogenakal Falls''' is a ]s in southern ] on the ]. Major cities in the vicinity are ], ] & ].
			{{Short description\|Waterfall on Karnataka-Tamil Nadu border}}
	Its around 150 kms from Bangalore .
			{{Infobox waterfall
	Kaveri falls down at this place creating numerous waterfalls all over the place.
			\| name = Hogenakkal Falls
	It is a very rocky terrain , and the water cuts through the rocks at various places forming the waterfalls.
			\| photo = Hogenakkal Falls Close.jpg
	There is a sandy beach , due to accumulation of Sand , where one can relax.
			\| photo_caption = Hogenakkal Falls
	Hogenakal Falls means Smoking Rocks in the regional language "Kannada".
			\| location = ] and ]
	It can be accessed from both the states of Karnataka and Tamilnadu . The river kaveri at this point is a boundary between the two states.
			\| elevation = {{convert\|700\|m\|abbr=on}}
			\| coords = {{coord\|12.1182\|77.77385\|format=dms\|type:landmark\|display=inline, title}}
			\| type =
			\| height =
			\| height_longest = {{convert\|20\|m\|abbr=on}}
			\| average_width =
			\| number_drops =
			\| average_flow =
			\| watercourse = ]
			\| world_rank =
			\| website =
			\| alt_name=
			}}
			'''Hogenakkal Falls''' is a ] in ] on the ] river on the border between ] of ] and ] of ].<ref>Upon entering Tamil Nadu, the Kaveri continues through a series of twisted wild gorges until it reaches Hogenakal Falls and flows through a straight, narrow gorge.... {{cite encyclopedia\|title=Kaveri River\|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/100477/Kaveri-River\|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica\|access-date=6 March 2012}}</ref> It is located {{Convert\|46\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}} from ] and {{Convert\|199\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}} from ]. ] rocks in this site are considered to be the oldest of its kind in ] and one of the oldest in the world.<ref>{{cite journal \|id={{INIST\|3910799}} \|doi=10.1016/0301-9268(94)90104-X \|title=2.0 Ga old pyroxenite-carbonatite complex of Hogenakal, Tamil Nadu, South India \|year=1994 \|last1=Natarajana \|first1=M \|last2=Bhaskar Rao \|first2=B \|last3=Parthasarathy \|first3=R \|last4=Kumar \|first4=Anil \|last5=Gopalan \|first5=K \|journal=Precambrian Research \|volume=65 \|issue=1–4 \|pages=167–81}}</ref> The ] made a proposal to convert the falls into providing drinking water for the state.

			==Etymology==
	At Hogenakal the water spreads for miles around and on these waters cruising on country made dinghies (PARISAL) is possible. Parisal ride will give an enthralling experience. Surrounding by hills at various heights Hogenakal offers the visitors a different ambience and refreshing relaxations. One could also take bath in the falls. Oil massaging by local people is a different experience. As the river flows throughout the year Hogenakal can be visited all days through the year. There are enough transport facility available from Dharmapuri & Krishnagiri.
			The pure Tamil name of Hogenakkal Falls is Uguneer Kal (உகுநீர் கல்).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web \|title=வள்ளல் அதியமான் கோலோச்சிய பூமி: தகடூர் நாடு என்று புகழ் பெற்ற நம்ம தர்மபுரி \|url=https://www.dinakaran.com/news_detail.asp?Nid=629341 \|access-date=2022-08-10 \|website=www.dinakaran.com}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web \|date=2021-12-28 \|title=கர்நாடகா தமிழகம் உரிமை கொண்டாடும் ஒகேனக்கல் அருவியின் சிறப்புகள் \|url=https://in4net.com/hogenakkal-falls-features/ \|access-date=2022-08-10 \|website=IN4NET - Dotcom for information \|language=en-US}}</ref> It was under the rule of ] from 1652 to 1768 and during that period many ] were employed and settled here in large numbers for tax collection work. Due to this reason, many ] there became ].That is how Uguneer Kal(உகுநீர் கல்) became Hogenakkal. The name Hogenakal is derived from ] means ‘Smoky Rocks’. The river when falls on the rock below, the gushing force of water resembles like smoke emanating from the rocks.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Hogenakkal Falls , Dharmapuri {{!}} Dharmapuri District, Government of Tamil Nadu {{!}} India \|url=https://dharmapuri.nic.in/gallery/hogenakkal-falls/ \|access-date=2022-08-10 \|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="kannada">{{cite web
			\|url=http://www.tamilnadutourism.org/places/citiestowns/Dharmapuri.aspx?CatId=C1&SubCat1Id=C1S1&SubCat2Id=C1S1S16
			\|title=Dharmapuri district - places of interest
			\|publisher=tamilnadutorism.org
			\|access-date=2006-11-11
			}}</ref> It is also called as ''Marikottayam'' by the people of Tamil Nadu.

			== History ==
	{{TamilNadu-geo-stub}}
			Hogenakkal falls is mentioned in ] as Thalaineer aruvi (தலைநீர் அருவி). All the areas around this waterfalls are called Thalaineer Naadu (தலைநீர் நாடு). It was ruled by the King named Adiyaman Neduman Anji. References to this King and the Falls are found in the ] like ] (]), ] (]), ] (]) etc.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

			==River==
	]
			{{main\|Kaveri river}}
	]

			The Kaveri is considered to form at ] in the ] in the ] of ] and gathers momentum as the land drops in elevation. It becomes larger as various tributaries feed into it on the way down.<ref name=law> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409234827/http://lawmin.nic.in/ncrwc/finalreport/v2b3-6.htm \|date=9 April 2009 }} ''Ministry of Law, Government of India''</ref> At Hogenakkal, the Kaveri, now a large river, drops and creates numerous waterfalls as the water cuts through the rocky terrain. In places the water falls as much as {{convert\|20\|m\|abbr=on}} and is said to sound like continual thunder.{{citation needed\|date=July 2011}} The river carries ] which makes the downriver land fertile.
			At Hogenakkal the river spreads out over a wide area of sandy beaches, then flows south to the ] and creates a {{convert\|60\|sqmi\|km2\|abbr=on}}. lake called ]. Built in 1934, this project improved irrigation and provided ].<ref>{{cite web
			\|url=http://www.cauvery.com/cauvery_river.html
			\|title=Cauvery River in Southern India
			\|publisher=cauvery.com
			\|access-date=2006-11-11
			}}</ref>

			==Weather==

			The best season to visit is soon after the monsoons, when the river is in full spate. But some tourists prefer to visit during off-season to skip the crowd. The water temperature in summer varies between {{convert\|23\|-\|34\|°C\|°F}} while during the winter it ranges from {{convert\|13\|-\|27\|°C\|°F}}.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.hogenakkal.com/services.html\|title=Overview - Visit India Travel Guide Hogenakkal Adventure\|publisher=Hogenakkal.com\|access-date=2014-02-07\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140224105605/http://www.hogenakkal.com/services.html\|archive-date=24 February 2014\|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

			==Boating==
			{{See also\|Indian coracles}}

			]

			Boating in Hogenakkal is allowed during the dry-season as the falls are not strong enough to disrupt the passage of the boats. This is the main source of income for boat operators. The coracles are about {{convert\|2.24\|m\|abbr=on}} in diameter and can carry eight people at a time.<ref></ref> These coracles are made of ], and with all materials available takes about a day to build. The bottom of the boats are made waterproof by the use of ], but sometimes with sheets of plastic.<ref>{{cite journal \|id={{INIST\|13550447}} \|doi=10.1080/02666030.2001.9628601 \|title=Hide Boats at Hogenakal on the River Kaveri, Tamil Nadu \|year=2001 \|last1=Palmer \|first1=Colin \|last2=Blue \|first2=Lucy \|last3=McGrail \|first3=Sean \|journal=South Asian Studies \|volume=17 \|issue=1 \|pages=199–207\|s2cid=192182900 }}</ref> Use of plastics in the Hogenakkal vicinity, not just for boats, has been criticised due to problems with pollution.<ref></ref> These boats are steered and propelled using a single paddle, making them unique. The coracles are locally called ''parisal'' in ] and ''teppa'' or {{transl\|ka\|harigolu}} in ].<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Hogenakkal Waterfalls, Hogenakkal Falls, Activities at Hogenakkal, Tour to Hogenakkal Waterfalls India\|url=http://www.ecoindia.com/waterfalls/hogenakkal.html\|website=www.ecoindia.com\|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref>

			Freshly caught fish are sold by the gorge and also various vendors selling water and snacks up and down the gorge rowing their coracles is not uncommon. The fish caught include {{transl\|ka\|katla}}, {{transl\|ka\|robu}}, {{transl\|ka\|kendai}}, {{transl\|ka\|keluthi}}, {{transl\|ka\|valai}}, {{transl\|ka\|mirgal}}, {{transl\|ka\|aranjan}} and {{transl\|ka\|jilaby}}. After leaving the gorge, on the left shore one can find improvised stalls set up on the sand. There, one can let the fresh fishes be prepared in one of the many kitchens. Also, many people can be found swimming or bathing around there.

			==Hogenakkal water project==
			{{main\|Hogenakkal Integrated Drinking Water Project}}
			Hogenakal Falls<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://dharmapuri.nic.in/tourist-place/hogenakkal-falls/\|title=Hogenakkal Falls\|website=dharmapuri.nic.in\|access-date=24 December 2019}}</ref> is the location for the Hogenakkal Integrated Drinking Water Project proposed by the ].<ref></ref> The objective of this project is to provide safe drinking water to the urban and rural areas in Krishnagiri and Dharmapuri districts.<ref></ref> In February 2008, The Japan Bank for International Cooperation agreed to fund the Rs 1,340-crore project.<ref></ref>

			== Gallery ==
			{{Gallery
			\|title=Gallery
			\|File:Mountain near the hogenakkal falls.jpg
			\|Mountain near the hogenakkal falls
			\|File:Whirlpool damaged mountain portion in hogenakkal falls in tamil nadu.jpg
			\|Whirlpool damaged mountain portion in Hogenakkal Falls in Tamil Nadu
			\|File:HoggenekkalLandingParisalsPanorama2.jpg
			\|Area near Hogenakkal falls with the coracles beached for picnics
			\|File:Hogenakkal Falls bathing area.jpg
			\|Hogenakkal Falls bathing area
			}}

			==See also==
			*]
			*]

			==References==
			{{reflist}}

			==External links==
			{{commons category\|Hogenakkal Falls}}
			*

			{{Kaveri River}}
			{{Hydrography of Tamil Nadu}}
			{{Use dmy dates\|date=March 2017}}

			]
			]
			]
			]
			]
			]

Latest revision as of 20:06, 25 June 2024

Waterfall on Karnataka-Tamil Nadu border

Hogenakkal Falls
Hogenakkal Falls

Location	Tamil Nadu and Karnataka
Coordinates	12°07′06″N 77°46′26″E / 12.1182°N 77.77385°E / 12.1182; 77.77385
Elevation	700 m (2,300 ft)
Longest drop	20 m (66 ft)
Watercourse	Kaveri river

Hogenakkal Falls is a waterfall in South India on the Kaveri river on the border between Dharmapuri district of Tamil Nadu and Chamrajnagar district of Karnataka. It is located 46 km (29 mi) from Dharmapuri and 199 km (124 mi) from Chamrajnagar. Carbonatite rocks in this site are considered to be the oldest of its kind in South Asia and one of the oldest in the world. The Government of Tamil Nadu made a proposal to convert the falls into providing drinking water for the state.

Etymology

The pure Tamil name of Hogenakkal Falls is Uguneer Kal (உகுநீர் கல்). It was under the rule of Mysore Kingdom from 1652 to 1768 and during that period many Kannadas were employed and settled here in large numbers for tax collection work. Due to this reason, many Tamil names there became Kannada names.That is how Uguneer Kal(உகுநீர் கல்) became Hogenakkal. The name Hogenakal is derived from Kannada means ‘Smoky Rocks’. The river when falls on the rock below, the gushing force of water resembles like smoke emanating from the rocks. It is also called as Marikottayam by the people of Tamil Nadu.

History

Hogenakkal falls is mentioned in Sangam Literature as Thalaineer aruvi (தலைநீர் அருவி). All the areas around this waterfalls are called Thalaineer Naadu (தலைநீர் நாடு). It was ruled by the King named Adiyaman Neduman Anji. References to this King and the Falls are found in the Sangam Literatures like Purananooru (புறநானூறு), Agananooru (அகநானூறு), Kurunthogai (குறுந்தொகை) etc.

River

Main article: Kaveri river

The Kaveri is considered to form at Talakaveri in the Brahmagiri hills in the Western Ghats of south India and gathers momentum as the land drops in elevation. It becomes larger as various tributaries feed into it on the way down. At Hogenakkal, the Kaveri, now a large river, drops and creates numerous waterfalls as the water cuts through the rocky terrain. In places the water falls as much as 20 m (66 ft) and is said to sound like continual thunder. The river carries sediment which makes the downriver land fertile. At Hogenakkal the river spreads out over a wide area of sandy beaches, then flows south to the Mettur Dam and creates a 60 sq mi (160 km). lake called Stanley Reservoir. Built in 1934, this project improved irrigation and provided hydropower.

Weather

The best season to visit is soon after the monsoons, when the river is in full spate. But some tourists prefer to visit during off-season to skip the crowd. The water temperature in summer varies between 23–34 °C (73–93 °F) while during the winter it ranges from 13–27 °C (55–81 °F).

Boating

Hogenakkal water project

Main article: Hogenakkal Integrated Drinking Water Project

Hogenakal Falls is the location for the Hogenakkal Integrated Drinking Water Project proposed by the Tamil Nadu Government. The objective of this project is to provide safe drinking water to the urban and rural areas in Krishnagiri and Dharmapuri districts. In February 2008, The Japan Bank for International Cooperation agreed to fund the Rs 1,340-crore project.

Gallery

Mountain near the hogenakkal falls
Whirlpool damaged mountain portion in Hogenakkal Falls in Tamil Nadu
Area near Hogenakkal falls with the coracles beached for picnics
Hogenakkal Falls bathing area

References

Upon entering Tamil Nadu, the Kaveri continues through a series of twisted wild gorges until it reaches Hogenakal Falls and flows through a straight, narrow gorge.... "Kaveri River". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 6 March 2012.
Natarajana, M; Bhaskar Rao, B; Parthasarathy, R; Kumar, Anil; Gopalan, K (1994). "2.0 Ga old pyroxenite-carbonatite complex of Hogenakal, Tamil Nadu, South India". Precambrian Research. 65 (1–4): 167–81. doi:10.1016/0301-9268(94)90104-X. INIST 3910799.
^ "வள்ளல் அதியமான் கோலோச்சிய பூமி: தகடூர் நாடு என்று புகழ் பெற்ற நம்ம தர்மபுரி". www.dinakaran.com. Retrieved 10 August 2022.
^ "கர்நாடகா தமிழகம் உரிமை கொண்டாடும் ஒகேனக்கல் அருவியின் சிறப்புகள்". IN4NET - Dotcom for information. 28 December 2021. Retrieved 10 August 2022.
"Hogenakkal Falls , Dharmapuri | Dharmapuri District, Government of Tamil Nadu | India". Retrieved 10 August 2022.
"Dharmapuri district - places of interest". tamilnadutorism.org. Retrieved 11 November 2006.
ARTICLE 262 AND INTER-STATE DISPUTES RELATING TO WATER Archived 9 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine Ministry of Law, Government of India
"Cauvery River in Southern India". cauvery.com. Retrieved 11 November 2006.
"Overview - Visit India Travel Guide Hogenakkal Adventure". Hogenakkal.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2014. Retrieved 7 February 2014.
The Hindu - Row, row, row your boat
Palmer, Colin; Blue, Lucy; McGrail, Sean (2001). "Hide Boats at Hogenakal on the River Kaveri, Tamil Nadu". South Asian Studies. 17 (1): 199–207. doi:10.1080/02666030.2001.9628601. S2CID 192182900. INIST 13550447.
Garbage ruining Hogenakkal's beauty - The Hindu
"Hogenakkal Waterfalls, Hogenakkal Falls, Activities at Hogenakkal, Tour to Hogenakkal Waterfalls India". www.ecoindia.com. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
"Hogenakkal Falls". dharmapuri.nic.in. Retrieved 24 December 2019.
The Hindu - The 1998 story of Hogenakkal
Times of India - Hogenakkal project: Water of hope
Business Line - Japan Bank agrees to fund Hogenakkal water project

External links

Protest against `encroachment' of island near Hogenekal Falls

v t e Kaveri basin
Riparian states/UT	Karnataka Kerala Puducherry Tamil Nadu
Tributaries	Aiyaru Amaravati Arisil Arkavathi Bhavani Chinnar Hemavati Honnuhole Kabini Lakshmana Tirtha Noyyal Pambar Shimsha Thirumanimutharu
Distributaries	Arasalar Kollidam Koraiyar Kudamurutti Mudikondan Nandalar Nattar Odampokki Pamaniyar Tirumalarajanar Veera Chozhan Vennaaru Vettar
Dams	Amaravathi Dam Banasura Sagar Dam Bhavanisagar Dam LBP Canal Harangi Dam Kabini Dam Kalingarayan Anicut Canal Kallanai Dam Canal Kodaganar Dam Kodiveri Dam Krishna Raja Sagara Dam Brindavan Gardens Kunderipallam Dam Lower Anaicut Mettur Dam Stanley Reservoir Perumpallam Dam Upper Anaicut Upper Bhavani
Waterfalls and lagoons	Chunchanakatte Falls Hogenakkal Falls Muthupet Lagoon Shivanasamudra Falls
Geographical features	Bay of Bengal Brahmagiri Hills Deccan Plateau Eastern Ghats Nilgiris Western Ghats
Bridges	Cauvery Bridge Kaveri Palam Wellesley Bridge
Cities and towns	Bhagamandala Bhavani Chidambaram Erode Karaikal Karur Kodumudi Kodagu Kudavasal Kumbakonam Kushalanagar Lalgudi Mannargudi Mandya Mayiladuthurai Mettur Mysore Nagapattinam Nannilam Papanasam Puhar Peralam Sakleshpur Sikkal Sirkazhi Srirangapatna Swamimalai Talakadu Talakaveri Thanjavur Tharangambadi Thirunallar Thiruvaiyaru Thiruvarur Tiruchirappalli Vaitheeswarankoil
Islands	Nisargadhama Srirangam
Related	Kaveri Pushkaram Kaveri River water dispute 2018 Tamil Nadu protests 2023 protests Kaveri delta coal-bed methane project

v t e Hydrography of Tamil Nadu
Rivers	Adyar Amaravathi Arasalar Bhavani Cheyyar Chittar Cooum Gomukhi Kaveri Kedilam Kodaganar Kodavanar Kokkiliyar Kollidam Kosasthalaiyar Manimuktha Manimuthar Manjalar Moyar Nadari Nambiyar Nanganjiyar Noyyal Pachaiyar Pahrali Palar Pambar (North) Pambar (South) Parambikulam Periyar Ponnaiyar Siruvani Swetha Thamirabarani Thirumanimutharu Vaigai Vaippar Vanniyar Vasishta Vellar Vennaaru
Lakes	Adambakkam Ambattur Avalanche Ayanambakkam Berijam Chembarambakkam Chetput Chitlapakkam Cholavaram ICF Kaliveli Kazhuveli Kodaikanal Kolavai Korattur Madambakkam Madhavaram Maduranthakam Mangal Mathiyampatti Mookaneri Ooty Pallavaram Parakkai Paruthipattu Perungudi Porur Perumal Pulhal Pulicat Pykara Ramakkal Red Hills Retteri Sholavaram Singanallur Sirudavoor Ukkadam Thervoy Kandigai Tiruninravur Valankulam Veeranam Velachery Vellalore Vennandur Vilinjiyambakkam Villivakkam
Waterfalls	Agaya Gangai Ayyanar Catherine Courtallam Hogenakkal Kalhatti Katary Kiliyur Kumbakkarai Kutladampatti Law's Monkey Sengupathi Siruvani Suruli Thalaiyar Tirparappu Ulakkai Vaideki Vattaparai
Beaches	Elliot's Golden Kovalam Marina Silver
Dams and reservoirs	Aathupalayam Aliyar Amaravathi Bhavanisagar Grand Anicut Kalingarayan Anicut Kamarajar Sagar Karuppanadhi Kodiveri Krishnagiri Lower Anaicut Manimuthar Mettur Mukkadal Nallathangal Orathuppalayam Papanasam Pechiparai Perunchani Sathanur Servalar Solaiyar Upper Anaicut Upper Bhavani Vaigai Varattu Pallam

Categories: