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== Women in Bangladesh == |
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Family, and the role women play in it, are emphasized in bangladeshi society. On average, bangladeshi women are married before the age of 20. From the point of marriage and forward, a husband takes on the responsibilities that previously belonged to his wife’s father. This includes control of a woman’s education, job, and overall life. The Total fertility rate of Bangladesh is a rough average of 2.5 children born per women.<ref>{{cite web|title=The World Fact Book: South Asia, Bangladesh|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bg.html|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|accessdate=14 May 2013}}</ref> Traditionally a woman’s most important duty is bear children.<ref>{{cite web|title=Country Briefing Paper: Women in Bangladesh|url=http://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/pub/2001/women_ban.pdf|publisher=Asian Development Bank|accessdate=14 May 2013}}</ref> However, poverty is prevalent in Bangladesh and often times women are required to work in order to make ends meet. Divorce is highly discouraged however many women find themselves abandoned by their husbands or widowed. Women are expected to refrain from remarrying and most are left to support their families alone.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kashyap|first=Aruna|title=Laws Hurting Bangladesh Women Linger on the Books|url=http://www.hrw.org/news/2012/12/26/laws-hurting-bangladesh-women-linger-books|accessdate=14 May 2013|newspaper=Women’s eNews|date=December 26 2012}}</ref> |
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A majority of women in rural areas work for their families and are unpaid. They typically do housework, maintain livestock and grow small gardens. In urban areas, about half of all women are employed outside their homes. Their occupations vary, however 70% of working women are employed by the textile industry which has notoriously harsh working conditions.<ref>{{cite news|last=Absar|first=Syeda|title=Women Garment Workers in Bangladesh|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/4412383|accessdate=14 May 2013|newspaper=Economic and Political Weekly}}</ref> Recently this industry has gained worldwide attention after a garment factory collapsed killing over 1,100 people. An effort has been made to improve working conditions as well as raise the minimum wage, which is currently 3,000 Takas or 38 U.S. dollars a month.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hossain|first=Farid|title=Bangladesh to Raise Wages for Garment Workers|url=http://world.time.com/2013/05/12/bangladesh-to-raise-wages-for-garment-workers/|accessdate=15 May 2013|newspaper=Time|date=12 May 2013}}</ref> Most women however, are still paid less than their male coworkers and sometimes as little as 20% of the wages provided to men working the same job. There is also a law restricting the amount of hours a women can work per day, which is eight, but it is typically disregarded. |
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Domestic abuse and violence against women is widespread and underreported. Women are often beaten or even burned with acid. In more rural areas, the punishment for extramarital affairs, usually as decided by village elders, is typically death. In many cases, victims of rape have been known to commit suicide while those who do not are sometimes killed as expected by the social norms.<ref>{{cite web|title=Country Briefing Paper: Women in Bangladesh|url=http://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/pub/2001/women_ban.pdf|publisher=Asian Development Bank|accessdate=14 May 2013}}</ref> Women in Bangladesh are also known to bear the brunt of systemic violence. There are reports of law enforcement agents killing, assaulting, torturing, and raping women both in public and private settings. Although the Women and Children Repression Prevention Act (a provision amended in 2003) has been introduced in the country, little has changed. This is because the courts in Bangladesh operate subordinate to the rest of the government, and they are reluctant to prosecute their own officers. An actual example of this is the case of Shanin Sultana Santa. Although it was determined that she had been tortured necessarily, (a crime punishable under Bangladesh’s penal code,) The judge dismissed the entire case on the basis that the intent of the police officers to cause Santa harm had not been evident as required in the Women and Children Repression Prevention Act. This is not an isolated event.<ref>{{cite news|last=Basil|first=Fernando|title=Bangladeshi Women The Victims of Systemic Violence and Denial of Means for Redress|url=http://www.humanrights.asia/news/ahrc-news/AHRC-OL-049-2006|accessdate=14 May 2013|newspaper=Asian Human Rights Commision|date=16 August 2006}}</ref> |
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The education of women in Bangladesh has improved. In 1998 the literacy rate for men of 15 or older was 59.4% versus 42.5% for women.<ref>{{cite web|title=Country Briefing Paper: Women in Bangladesh|url=http://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/pub/2001/women_ban.pdf|publisher=Asian Development Bank|accessdate=14 May 2013}}</ref> This gap has grown smaller as the literacy rates improved to 61.3% and 52.2% respectively as of 2010. Despite progress in literacy, the average school life expectancy of both boys and girls is still only eight years.<ref>{{cite web|title=The World Fact Book: South Asia. Bangladesh|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bg.html|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|accessdate=14 May 2013}}</ref> |
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=== Reference List === |
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{{Reflist}} |
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=== External Links === |
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