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{{Short description|British Army general (1934–2022)}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}} {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox military person {{Infobox military person
|honorific_prefix = ] ] |honorific_prefix = ]
|name = The Lord Ramsbotham |name = The Lord Ramsbotham
|honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|GCB|CBE}}
|image=Official portrait of Lord Ramsbotham crop 2.jpg |image=Official portrait of Lord Ramsbotham crop 2.jpg
|caption= |caption=Official portrait, 2019
|birth_date= {{birth date|df=yes|1934|11|6}} |birth_date= {{birth date|df=yes|1934|11|6}}
|birth_place= |birth_place=
|death_date= {{death date and age|df=yes|2022|12|13|1934|11|6}} |death_date= {{death date and age|df=yes|2022|12|13|1934|11|6}}
|death_place= |death_place=
|allegiance= {{flag|United Kingdom}} |allegiance= United Kingdom
|branch= {{army|United Kingdom}} |branch= ]
|serviceyears= 1953–1993 |serviceyears= 1953–1993
|servicenumber=427439
|rank= ] |rank= ]
|unit= ]<br/>]<br/>] |unit= {{ubl|]|]|]}}
|commands= ]<br/>] |commands= {{ubl|]|]}}
|battles= ]<br/>] |battles= {{ubl|]|]}}
|awards= ]<br/>]<br/>] |awards= {{ubl|]|]|]}}
|relations= ] (father) |relations= ] (father)
Richard Ramsbotham (son)
Lady Susan Ramsbotham (spouse)
|laterwork= ] |laterwork= ]
}} }}
⚫ ] '''David John Ramsbotham, Baron Ramsbotham''', {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|sep=,|GCB|CBE}} (6 November 1934 – 13 December 2022) was a ] officer who later served as ]. He was awarded a ]age in 2005 and later sat on the ] of the ].

⚫ ] '''David John Ramsbotham, Baron Ramsbotham''', {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|sep=,|GCB|CBE}} (6 November 1934 – 13 December 2022) was a ] officer, who later served as ]. He was awarded a ] in 2005, and later sat on the ] of the ].


==Early life and military career== ==Early life and military career==
Ramsbotham was born on 6 November 1934,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk|title=Birthdays|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071106042438/http://www.guardian.co.uk/|archivedate=6 November 2007|date=6 November 2007|work=]|accessdate=30 September 2008}} </ref> the son of a ] clergyman, later ], ], son of Rev Alexander Ramsbotham. Ramsbotham was educated at ].<ref name="GuardianProfile" /> He entered the army through ], and was commissioned as a ] in the ] on 14 March 1953.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=39828|supp=y|page=2190|date=17 April 1953}}</ref> He completed his National Service as an acting ], and retained a ] commission.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=40484|supp=y|page=2992|date=20 May 1955}}</ref> He then took a history degree at ], ].<ref name=GuardianProfile>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/global/2007/jun/03/davidramsbotham|title=David Ramsbotham—Profile|work=]|accessdate=30 September 2008|location=London|date=3 June 2008}}</ref> Ramsbotham was born on 6 November 1934,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk|title=Birthdays|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071106042438/http://www.guardian.co.uk/|archivedate=6 November 2007|date=6 November 2007|work=]|accessdate=30 September 2008}} </ref> the son of a ] clergyman, later ], ], son of Rev. Alexander Ramsbotham. Ramsbotham was educated at ].<ref name="GuardianProfile" /> He entered the army through ], and was commissioned as a ] in the ] on 14 March 1953.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=39828|supp=y|page=2190|date=17 April 1953}}</ref> He completed his National Service as an acting ], and retained a ] commission.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=40484|supp=y|page=2992|date=20 May 1955}}</ref> He then took a history degree at ], ].<ref name=GuardianProfile>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/global/2007/jun/03/davidramsbotham|title=David Ramsbotham—Profile|work=]|accessdate=30 September 2008|location=London|date=3 June 2008}}</ref>


On 21 February 1958 he was appointed to a regular army commission as a lieutenant, with seniority from 31 January 1957.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=41378|supp=y|page=2821|date=6 May 1958}}</ref> He was promoted to ] on 31 January 1961.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=42265|supp=y|page=768|date=27 January 1961}}</ref> He served in ] during the ] as an acting ] in the period 24 December 1965 to 23 June 1966, and was ].<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=44196|supp=y|pages=13458–13461|date=9 December 1966}}</ref> He was promoted to substantive major on 31 December 1967,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=44493|supp=y|pages=75–76|date=29 December 1967}}</ref> and to ] on 30 June 1971.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=45417|supp=y|page=7204|date=5 July 1971}}</ref> From 11 June 1970 to 20 June 1973 he served as Military Assistant to the ], Sir ]. This was a particularly busy time for the British Army; ] in ] were beginning, and the army's contribution, ], was taking an increasingly large proportion of resources. {{Citation needed|date=January 2011}} On 21 February 1958 he was appointed to a regular army commission as a lieutenant, with seniority from 31 January 1957.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=41378|supp=y|page=2821|date=6 May 1958}}</ref> He was promoted to ] on 31 January 1961.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=42265|supp=y|page=768|date=27 January 1961}}</ref> He served in ] during the ] as an acting ] in the period 24 December 1965 to 23 June 1966, and was ].<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=44196|supp=y|pages=13458–13461|date=9 December 1966}}</ref> He was promoted to substantive major on 31 December 1967,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=44493|supp=y|pages=75–76|date=29 December 1967}}</ref> and to ] on 30 June 1971.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=45417|supp=y|page=7204|date=5 July 1971}}</ref> From 11 June 1970 to 20 June 1973 he served as Military Assistant to the ], Sir ]. This was a particularly busy time for the British Army; ] in ] were beginning, and the army's contribution, ], was taking an increasingly large proportion of resources.{{Citation needed|date=January 2011}}


For his performance in this role, Ramsbotham was appointed an ] (OBE) in the 1974 ].<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=46162|supp=y|pages=5–6|date=28 December 1973}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documentsonline/details-result.asp?Edoc_Id=7948241|title=Recommendations for Honours and Awards (Army)—Image details—Ramsbotham, David John|work=Documents Online|publisher=]|format=Fee may be required to view full original recommendation}}</ref> He later commanded a battalion of the Royal Green Jackets in Northern Ireland from 1974 to 1975. For his performance in this role, Ramsbotham was appointed an ] (OBE) in the 1974 ].<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=46162|supp=y|pages=5–6|date=28 December 1973}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documentsonline/details-result.asp?Edoc_Id=7948241|title=Recommendations for Honours and Awards (Army)—Image details—Ramsbotham, David John|work=Documents Online|publisher=]|format=Fee may be required to view full original recommendation}}</ref> He later commanded a battalion of the Royal Green Jackets in Northern Ireland from 1974 to 1975.


Ramsbotham was elevated to ] on 30 June 1976,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=46953|supp=y|page=9284|date=5 July 1976}}</ref> and ] on 31 December 1978 (with seniority from 30 June 1978).<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=47745|supp=y|page=651|date=15 January 1979}}</ref> He then served in Northern Ireland, commanding a brigade based in ], and was appointed ] (CBE) for his service there in the operational honours of 21 October 1980.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=48346|supp=y|page=14607|date=20 October 1980}}</ref> His career was almost derailed when as the army's director of public relations (a position he held from 1982 to 1984<ref name=GuardianProfile/>) he leaked documents to a journalist which showed that prior to the ] the army had developed a comprehensive plan for dealing with the media, but it had been overlooked; and the army was subsequently criticised for not having done such planning.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.spectator.co.uk|title=Leakers I have known|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/19981201080313/http://www.spectator.co.uk/|date= 12 September 1998|archivedate=1 December 1998|magazine=]|accessdate=30 September 2008}} </ref> He was then promoted to ]<!--Can't find Gazette for this--> and commanded ] for a period prior to 13 March 1987.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=50868|supp=y|page=3931|date=23 March 1987}}</ref> On 1 January 1987 he was appointed to the honorary position of ], 2nd Battalion, Royal Green Jackets, in succession to Sir ], which he held until 25 July 1992.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=50799|supp=y|page=452|date=12 January 1987}}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette|issue=53001|supp=y|page=12678|date=27 July 1992}}</ref> On 15 April 1987 he was promoted ] and appointed ] and Inspector General of the ].<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=50897|supp=y|page=5233|date=16 April 1987}}</ref> He was appointed a ] (KCB) in the 1987 ],<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=50948|supp=y|page=2|date=12 June 1987}}</ref> and a further honorary appointment as Honorary Colonel of the ] at the ] on 1 July, which he held until 1 May 1993.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=50986|supp=y|page=8660|date=6 July 1987}}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette|issue=53299|supp=y|page=8203|date=10 May 1993}}</ref> He stepped down as Commander of the Field Army on 13 August 1990,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=52242|supp=y|page=13262|date=13 August 1990}}</ref> and received a further honorary appointment as ] (ADC Gen) on 3 December 1990, which he held until his retirement form the army.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=52353|supp=y|page=18702|date=3 December 1990}}</ref> On 27 December 1990 he was appointed ] (AG), with the local rank of ],<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=52427|supp=y|page=1044|date=21 January 1991}}</ref> and he received substantive promotion to that rank on 24 January 1990 (with seniority from 1 September 1990).<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=52471|supp=y|page=3906|date=11 March 1991}}</ref> This period included the United Kingdom's involvement in the ] He was promoted to ] (GCB) in the 1993 New Year Honours<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=53153|supp=y|page=2|date=30 December 1992}}</ref> He stepped down as AG on 17 May 1993,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=53312|supp=y|page=9062|date=24 May 1993}}</ref> and retired from the army on 13 July 1993.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=53369|supp=y|page=11759|date=12 July 1993}}</ref> Ramsbotham was elevated to ] on 30 June 1976,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=46953|supp=y|page=9284|date=5 July 1976}}</ref> and ] on 31 December 1978 (with seniority from 30 June 1978).<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=47745|supp=y|page=651|date=15 January 1979}}</ref> He then served in Northern Ireland, commanding a brigade based in ], and was appointed ] (CBE) for his service there in the operational honours of 21 October 1980.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=48346|supp=y|page=14607|date=20 October 1980}}</ref> His career was almost derailed when as the army's director of public relations (a position he held from 1982 to 1984<ref name=GuardianProfile/>) he leaked documents to a journalist which showed that prior to the ] the army had developed a comprehensive plan for dealing with the media, but it had been overlooked; and the army was subsequently criticised for not having done such planning.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.spectator.co.uk|title=Leakers I have known|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/19981201080313/http://www.spectator.co.uk/|date= 12 September 1998|archivedate=1 December 1998|magazine=]|accessdate=30 September 2008}} </ref> He was then promoted to ]<!--Can't find Gazette for this--> and commanded ] for a period prior to 13 March 1987.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=50868|supp=y|page=3931|date=23 March 1987}}</ref> On 1 January 1987 he was appointed to the honorary position of ], 2nd Battalion, Royal Green Jackets, in succession to Sir ], which he held until 25 July 1992.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=50799|supp=y|page=452|date=12 January 1987}}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette|issue=53001|supp=y|page=12678|date=27 July 1992}}</ref> On 15 April 1987 he was promoted to ] and appointed ] and Inspector General of the ].<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=50897|supp=y|page=5233|date=16 April 1987}}</ref> He was appointed a ] (KCB) in the 1987 ],<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=50948|supp=y|page=2|date=12 June 1987}}</ref> and a further honorary appointment as Honorary Colonel of the ] at the ] on 1 July, which he held until 1 May 1993.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=50986|supp=y|page=8660|date=6 July 1987}}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette|issue=53299|supp=y|page=8203|date=10 May 1993}}</ref> He stepped down as Commander of the Field Army on 13 August 1990,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=52242|supp=y|page=13262|date=13 August 1990}}</ref> and received a further honorary appointment as ] (ADC Gen) on 3 December 1990, which he held until his retirement from the army.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=52353|supp=y|page=18702|date=3 December 1990}}</ref> On 27 December 1990 he was appointed ] (AG), with the local rank of ],<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=52427|supp=y|page=1044|date=21 January 1991}}</ref> and he received substantive promotion to that rank on 24 January 1990 (with seniority from 1 September 1990).<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=52471|supp=y|page=3906|date=11 March 1991}}</ref> This period included the United Kingdom's involvement in the ]. He was promoted to ] (GCB) in the ].<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=53153|supp=y|page=2|date=30 December 1992}}</ref> He stepped down as AG on 17 May 1993,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=53312|supp=y|page=9062|date=24 May 1993}}</ref> and retired from the army on 13 July 1993.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=53369|supp=y|page=11759|date=12 July 1993}}</ref>


==Chief Inspector of Prisons== ==Chief Inspector of Prisons==
Ramsbotham was ] for ] and ] from 1 December 1995<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=53312|page=71|date=2 January 1996}}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette|issue=54270|page=319|date=8 January 1996}}</ref> to 2001 when he was succeeded by ] CBE. As Chief Inspector of Prisons, he had an at times strained relationship with ] ] and ], and this contributed to his contract not being continued for the full eight years that had originally been possible (an initial period of five years, with extension for a further three years possible).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1365518/Prisons-chief-%27forced-to-quit%27.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421074314/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1365518/Prisons-chief-%27forced-to-quit%27.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 April 2013|title=Prisons chief 'forced to quit'|author=Philip Johnston and Rachel Sylvester|date=17 December 2001|work=]|accessdate=30 September 2008|location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/199911010012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110111053602/http://www.newstatesman.com/199911010012|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 January 2011|title=The New Statesman Interview – David Ramsbotham|author=Mary Riddell|date=1 November 1999|work=]|accessdate=30 September 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2001/feb/02/crime.penal1|title=Interview with the chief inspector of prisons—Sir David Ramsbotham, chief inspector of prisons, says 20,000 of our prisoners simply shouldn't be in jail. Now he feels he is being forced out of his job. Simon Hattenstone finds out why|author=Simon Hattenstone|date=2 February 2001|work=]|accessdate=30 September 2008|location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast_with_frost/1451322.stm|title=Breakfast with Frost—Peter Sissons interviews Sir David Ramsbotham—transcript|date=1 July 2001|work=]|publisher=]|accessdate=30 September 2008}}</ref> Ramsbotham was ] for ] and ] from 1 December 1995<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=53312|page=71|date=2 January 1996}}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette|issue=54270|page=319|date=8 January 1996}}</ref> to 2001 when he was succeeded by ] CBE. As Chief Inspector of Prisons, he had a, at times, strained relationship with ] ] and ], and this contributed to his contract not being continued for the full eight years that had originally been possible (an initial period of five years, with extension for a further three years possible).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1365518/Prisons-chief-%27forced-to-quit%27.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421074314/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1365518/Prisons-chief-%27forced-to-quit%27.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 April 2013|title=Prisons chief 'forced to quit'|author=Philip Johnston and Rachel Sylvester|date=17 December 2001|work=]|accessdate=30 September 2008|location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/199911010012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110111053602/http://www.newstatesman.com/199911010012|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 January 2011|title=The New Statesman Interview – David Ramsbotham|author=Mary Riddell|date=1 November 1999|work=]|accessdate=30 September 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2001/feb/02/crime.penal1|title=Interview with the chief inspector of prisons—Sir David Ramsbotham, chief inspector of prisons, says 20,000 of our prisoners simply shouldn't be in jail. Now he feels he is being forced out of his job. Simon Hattenstone finds out why|author=Simon Hattenstone|date=2 February 2001|work=]|accessdate=30 September 2008|location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast_with_frost/1451322.stm|title=Breakfast with Frost—Peter Sissons interviews Sir David Ramsbotham—transcript|date=1 July 2001|work=]|publisher=]|accessdate=30 September 2008}}</ref>


==Later activities== ==Later activities==
On 22 March 2005, it was announced that Ramsbotham was to be elevated to a ].<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=57593 |page=3537|date=22 March 2005}}</ref> The title was ] as '''Baron Ramsbotham''', of ] in the ], on 17 May.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=57646 |page=6695|date=23 May 2005}}</ref> He sits in the ] as a ] ]. He is Chairman of the ] scheme, and Vice-Chair of both the ] and the ]. He is President of ] and an Ambassador for the charity, ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prisonadvice.org.uk/?q=node/61|title=David Ramsbotham becomes pact's first ambassador|date=20 April 2007|accessdate=30 September 2008}}</ref> He is a trustee and vice-Chairman of the ]<ref>{{EW charity|517817|INSTITUTE FOR FOOD, BRAIN AND BEHAVIOUR}}</ref><ref></ref> On 22 March 2005, it was announced that Ramsbotham was to be elevated to a ].<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=57593 |page=3537|date=22 March 2005}}</ref> The title was ] as '''Baron Ramsbotham''', of ] in the ], on 17 May.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=57646 |page=6695|date=23 May 2005}}</ref> He sat in the ] as a ] ]. He was Chairman of the ] scheme, and vice-chair of both the ] and the ]. He was President of ] and an Ambassador for the charity, ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prisonadvice.org.uk/?q=node/61|title=David Ramsbotham becomes pact's first ambassador|date=20 April 2007|accessdate=30 September 2008}}</ref> He was also a trustee and vice-chairman of the ]<ref>{{EW charity|517817|INSTITUTE FOR FOOD, BRAIN AND BEHAVIOUR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ifbb.org.uk/lord-ramsbotham |title=IFBB: Lord Ramsbotham |access-date=16 October 2012 |archive-date=6 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106185419/http://www.ifbb.org.uk/lord-ramsbotham |url-status=dead }}</ref> and a Patron of ] (PAS).


Ramsbotham was elected an honorary ] of ] in 2001, and serves on the advisory board of the ] at ]. He is also a Patron of ], a charity that supports the welfare of Britons imprisoned overseas and their families, , a charity that supports serving prisoners through a range of academic, creative and vocational distance learning courses whilst inside and , a charity which offers free legal advice and support to adult prisoners throughout England and Wales regarding their human and legal rights, conditions of imprisonment and the application of Prison Law and the Prison Rules. He is also a Patron of the African Prisons Project, an international non-governmental organisation with a mission to bring dignity and hope to men women and children in African prisons through health, education, justice and reintegration.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kcl.ac.uk/schools/law/research/icps/advisory.html|title=International Centre for Prison Studies—Organisation—Advisory board|date=11 June 2008|publisher=]|accessdate=30 September 2008}}</ref> He is President of the charity PTSD Resolution, Charity number 1133188, providing treatment to Veterans with post traumatic stress through its UK-wide network of 200 therapists. {{citation needed|date=April 2014}} Ramsbotham was elected an honorary ] of ] in 2001, and served on the advisory board of the ] at ]. He was also a Patron of ], a charity that supports the welfare of Britons imprisoned overseas and their families, , a charity that supports serving prisoners through a range of academic, creative and vocational distance learning courses whilst inside and , a charity which offers free legal advice and support to adult prisoners throughout England and Wales regarding their human and legal rights, conditions of imprisonment and the application of Prison Law and the Prison Rules. He was also a Patron of the African Prisons Project, an international non-governmental organisation with a mission to bring dignity and hope to men women and children in African prisons through health, education, justice and reintegration.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kcl.ac.uk/schools/law/research/icps/advisory.html|title=International Centre for Prison Studies—Organisation—Advisory board|date=11 June 2008|publisher=]|accessdate=30 September 2008}}</ref> He was President of the charity PTSD Resolution, Charity number 1133188, providing treatment to Veterans with post traumatic stress through its UK-wide network of 200 therapists.{{citation needed|date=April 2014}}


Ramsbotham wrote extensively on matters relating to prisons and the military, in particular his 2003 book ''Prisongate: The Shocking State of Britain's Prisons and the Need for Visionary Change'' set out his vision for reform of the prison system.<ref>{{cite book|title=Prisongate: The Shocking State of Britain's Prisons and the Need for Visionary Change|author=Sir David Ramsbotham|isbn=978-0-7432-5952-1|year=2003|publisher=]|oclc=60578838}}</ref> Ramsbotham wrote extensively on matters relating to prisons and the military, in particular his 2003 book ''Prisongate: The Shocking State of Britain's Prisons and the Need for Visionary Change'' set out his vision for reform of the prison system.<ref>{{cite book|title=Prisongate: The Shocking State of Britain's Prisons and the Need for Visionary Change|author=Sir David Ramsbotham|isbn=978-0-7432-5952-1|year=2003|publisher=]|oclc=60578838}}</ref>


==Personal life and death== ==Personal life and death==
⚫ In 1958, he married Susan Caroline Dickinson (1938 - 2021), and had two sons, James and Richard. Ramsbotham died after a fall on 13 December 2022, at the age of 88.<ref>{{cite news |title=General Lord Ramsbotham obituary |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/general-lord-ramsbotham-obituary-tsrh6x009 |access-date=15 December 2022 |work=The Times |date=15 December 2022}} {{subscription required}}</ref>

Ramsbotham was a patron to the from 2007 and was also a patron of the charity ]. Ramsbotham was a patron to the from 2007 and was also a patron of the charity ].


==Arms==
⚫ Ramsbotham died after a fall on 13 December 2022, at the age of 88.<ref>{{cite news |title=General Lord Ramsbotham obituary |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/general-lord-ramsbotham-obituary-tsrh6x009 |access-date=15 December 2022 |publisher=The Times |date=15 December 2022}}</ref>
{{Infobox COA wide
|escutcheon = Per fess Gules and Vert (the shade thereof being known as ]) in chief a pelican in her piety Argent vulning herself Gules and in base a bugle horn stringed also Argent.<ref>{{cite book|title=Debrett's Peerage |date=2015 |page=1011}}</ref>
|crest = Issuant from a coronet Or a ram's head Argent armed Or holding in the mouth a wild garlic flower Proper.
|supporters = On either side a ram that on the dexter Gules and that on the sinister Vert each armed unguled and supporting with the interior hind foot a portcullis Or.
|motto = Non Vi Sed Virtute}}


==References== ==References==
{{Reflist|30em}} {{Reflist}}


==External links== ==External links==
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Latest revision as of 17:13, 16 July 2024

British Army general (1934–2022)

The Right Honourable
The Lord Ramsbotham
Official portrait, 2019
Born(1934-11-06)6 November 1934
Died13 December 2022(2022-12-13) (aged 88)
AllegianceUnited Kingdom
Service / branchBritish Army
Years of service1953–1993
RankGeneral
Service number427439
Unit
Commands
Battles / wars
Awards
RelationsJohn Ramsbotham (father)
Other workHM Chief Inspector of Prisons

General David John Ramsbotham, Baron Ramsbotham, GCB, CBE (6 November 1934 – 13 December 2022) was a British Army officer who later served as HM Chief Inspector of Prisons. He was awarded a life peerage in 2005 and later sat on the crossbenches of the House of Lords.

Early life and military career

Ramsbotham was born on 6 November 1934, the son of a Church of England clergyman, later Bishop of Wakefield, John Alexander Ramsbotham, son of Rev. Alexander Ramsbotham. Ramsbotham was educated at Haileybury and Imperial Service College. He entered the army through National Service, and was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Royal Artillery on 14 March 1953. He completed his National Service as an acting lieutenant, and retained a Territorial Army commission. He then took a history degree at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge.

On 21 February 1958 he was appointed to a regular army commission as a lieutenant, with seniority from 31 January 1957. He was promoted to captain on 31 January 1961. He served in Borneo during the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation as an acting major in the period 24 December 1965 to 23 June 1966, and was Mentioned in Despatches. He was promoted to substantive major on 31 December 1967, and to lieutenant-colonel on 30 June 1971. From 11 June 1970 to 20 June 1973 he served as Military Assistant to the Chief of the General Staff, Sir Michael Carver. This was a particularly busy time for the British Army; the Troubles in Northern Ireland were beginning, and the army's contribution, Operation Banner, was taking an increasingly large proportion of resources.

For his performance in this role, Ramsbotham was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 1974 New Year Honours. He later commanded a battalion of the Royal Green Jackets in Northern Ireland from 1974 to 1975.

Ramsbotham was elevated to colonel on 30 June 1976, and brigadier on 31 December 1978 (with seniority from 30 June 1978). He then served in Northern Ireland, commanding a brigade based in Belfast, and was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) for his service there in the operational honours of 21 October 1980. His career was almost derailed when as the army's director of public relations (a position he held from 1982 to 1984) he leaked documents to a journalist which showed that prior to the Falklands War the army had developed a comprehensive plan for dealing with the media, but it had been overlooked; and the army was subsequently criticised for not having done such planning. He was then promoted to major-general and commanded 3rd Armoured Division for a period prior to 13 March 1987. On 1 January 1987 he was appointed to the honorary position of Colonel Commandant, 2nd Battalion, Royal Green Jackets, in succession to Sir Frank Kitson, which he held until 25 July 1992. On 15 April 1987 he was promoted to lieutenant-general and appointed Commander UK Field Army and Inspector General of the Territorial Army. He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB) in the 1987 Queen's Birthday Honours, and a further honorary appointment as Honorary Colonel of the Officer Training Corps at the University of Cambridge on 1 July, which he held until 1 May 1993. He stepped down as Commander of the Field Army on 13 August 1990, and received a further honorary appointment as Aide de Camp General to HM the Queen (ADC Gen) on 3 December 1990, which he held until his retirement from the army. On 27 December 1990 he was appointed Adjutant-General (AG), with the local rank of general, and he received substantive promotion to that rank on 24 January 1990 (with seniority from 1 September 1990). This period included the United Kingdom's involvement in the Gulf War. He was promoted to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB) in the 1993 New Year Honours. He stepped down as AG on 17 May 1993, and retired from the army on 13 July 1993.

Chief Inspector of Prisons

Ramsbotham was HM Chief Inspector of Prisons for England and Wales from 1 December 1995 to 2001 when he was succeeded by Anne Owers CBE. As Chief Inspector of Prisons, he had a, at times, strained relationship with Home Secretaries Michael Howard and Jack Straw, and this contributed to his contract not being continued for the full eight years that had originally been possible (an initial period of five years, with extension for a further three years possible).

Later activities

On 22 March 2005, it was announced that Ramsbotham was to be elevated to a life peerage. The title was gazetted as Baron Ramsbotham, of Kensington in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, on 17 May. He sat in the House of Lords as a crossbench peer. He was Chairman of the Koestler Awards scheme, and vice-chair of both the All Party Penal Affairs Group and the All Party Parliamentary Group for Learning & Skills in the Criminal Justice System. He was President of UNLOCK, The National Association of Ex-Offenders and an Ambassador for the charity, the Prison Advice and Care Trust (pact). He was also a trustee and vice-chairman of the Institute for Food, Brain and Behaviour and a Patron of Prisoners' Advice Service (PAS).

Ramsbotham was elected an honorary Fellow of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge in 2001, and served on the advisory board of the International Centre for Prison Studies at King's College London. He was also a Patron of Prisoners Abroad, a charity that supports the welfare of Britons imprisoned overseas and their families, Prisoners Education Trust, a charity that supports serving prisoners through a range of academic, creative and vocational distance learning courses whilst inside and Prisoners' Advice Service, a charity which offers free legal advice and support to adult prisoners throughout England and Wales regarding their human and legal rights, conditions of imprisonment and the application of Prison Law and the Prison Rules. He was also a Patron of the African Prisons Project, an international non-governmental organisation with a mission to bring dignity and hope to men women and children in African prisons through health, education, justice and reintegration. He was President of the charity PTSD Resolution, Charity number 1133188, providing treatment to Veterans with post traumatic stress through its UK-wide network of 200 therapists.

Ramsbotham wrote extensively on matters relating to prisons and the military, in particular his 2003 book Prisongate: The Shocking State of Britain's Prisons and the Need for Visionary Change set out his vision for reform of the prison system.

Personal life and death

In 1958, he married Susan Caroline Dickinson (1938 - 2021), and had two sons, James and Richard. Ramsbotham died after a fall on 13 December 2022, at the age of 88.

Ramsbotham was a patron to the Zahid Mubarek Trust from 2007 and was also a patron of the charity SkillForce.

Arms

Coat of arms of David Ramsbotham, Baron Ramsbotham
Crest
Issuant from a coronet Or a ram's head Argent armed Or holding in the mouth a wild garlic flower Proper.
Escutcheon
Per fess Gules and Vert (the shade thereof being known as rifle green) in chief a pelican in her piety Argent vulning herself Gules and in base a bugle horn stringed also Argent.
Supporters
On either side a ram that on the dexter Gules and that on the sinister Vert each armed unguled and supporting with the interior hind foot a portcullis Or.
Motto
Non Vi Sed Virtute

References

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External links

Military offices
Preceded byAntony Walker General Officer Commanding the 3rd Armoured Division
1984–1987 		Succeeded byEdward Jones
Preceded bySir John Akehurst Commander UK Field Army
1987–1990 		Succeeded bySir Michael Wilkes
Preceded bySir Robert Pascoe Adjutant General
1990–1993 		Succeeded bySir Michael Wilkes
Government offices
Preceded byStephen Tumim Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Prisons
1995–2001 		Succeeded byAnne Owers
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