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| {{wiktionary|monad}} | |||
| The word '''monad''' comes from the ] word μονάς (from the word μόνος, which means "one", "single", "unique") and has had many meanings in different contexts in philosophy, mathematics, computing and music: | |||
| '''Monad''' may refer to: | |||
| {{TOC right}} | |||
| *]'s new command shell is code named ]. Most shells (such as ]® CMD.EXE and the ] shells ], ], ], and ]) operate by executing a command or utility in a new process, and presenting the results (or errors) to the user as text. Text-based processing is the way in which system interaction is done with these shells. Over the years, a large number of text processing utilities—such as ], ], and ]—have evolved to support this interaction. The heritage of this operational process is very rich. These shells also have another type of command; these commands are built-in to the shell and do not start a new process, but run within the process context of the shell. Examples of built-in commands are the ] typeset command and the CMD.EXE DIR command. In most shells the number of built-in commands is somewhat small, so over time a large number of utilities that have been created. The MSH.EXE shell is very different from these traditional shells. First, this shell does not use text as the basis for interaction with the system, but uses an object model based on the ] platform. As we will see, this provides a much different, and better, way to interact with the system. Second, the list of built-in commands is much longer; this is done to ensure that the interaction with the object model is accomplished with the highest regard to integrity with respect to interacting with the system. Third, the shell provides consistency with regard to interacting with built-in commands through the use of a single parser, rather than relying on each command to create its own parser for parameters. Monad will be shipped with ]'s ] 12 and MOMvNext (and possibliy earlier). | |||
| ==Philosophy== | |||
| Read more on ]'s Channel 9: http://channel9.msdn.com/default.aspx/Channel9.MSHWiki | |||
| * ], a term meaning "unit" | |||
| **], the concept of "one essence" in the metaphysical and theological theory | |||
| ** ], the most primal aspect of God in Gnosticism | |||
| * ''Great Monad'', an older name for the '']'' symbol | |||
| * ''Monadologia Physica'', by ] | |||
| * '']'', by Gottfried Leibniz, a book about a basic unit of perceptual reality | |||
| * '' ]'', a 1564 book by John Dee describing a symbol of his own invention | |||
| ==Mathematics, science and technology== | |||
| *Among the ] (followers of ]) the '''monad''' was the first thing that came into existence. The monad begot the ''dyad'', which begot the numbers, the numbers begat points, which begot lines, which begat two-dimensional entities, which begat three-dimensional entities, which begat bodies, which begot the four ]s ], ], ] and ], from which the rest of our world is built up. The monad was thus a central concept in the ] of the Pythagoreans, who held the belief that the world was - ''literally'' - built up by numbers. (The source of this claim is ]' book ''Lives of Eminent Philosophers''.) | |||
| * ], a historical term for a simple unicellular organism | |||
| *Within certain variations of ], especially those inspired by ], the ''']''' was the higher being which created lesser gods, or elements (similar to ]s). This view was according to ] inspired by the ]. | |||
| * ], a construction in category theory | |||
| *The '''Monad''' appears in the ] texts of the ], part four of the corpus is called ''The Cup or Monad''. | |||
| * ], functional programming constructs that capture various notions of computation | |||
| *The ''']''' is the Chinese symbol of ] in nature. | |||
| * ], a 3-term complex | |||
| *In the writings of the ] ], '''monads''' are atomistic mental objects which experience the world from a particular point of view. Leibniz's theory does not posit physical space; rather, physical objects are constructs of the collective experiences of monads. This way of putting it is misleading, however; monads do not interact with each other (are "windowless"), but rather are imbued at creation with all their future experiences in a system of ]. The arrangements of the monads make up the faith and structure of this world, which to Leibniz was "the best of all possible worlds". | |||
| ⚫ | * ], the set of points infinitesimally close to a given point | ||
| *Within ]: | |||
| * ], the code name for the PowerShell command line interface for Microsoft Windows | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ** in ], a '''monad''', also known as '''triple''', is a type of ] important in the theory of ]. This term has a different root than the ones described above; it was formed by combining "monoid" and "triad". See ]. | |||
| **In pure ]s such as ], monads are used as data types that encapsulate the functional ]-activity, in such a manner that the side-effects of I/O are not allowed to spread out of the part of the program that is not functional (imperative). See ]. | |||
| *] describes its symbol as being a geometric representation of the '''monad'''. | |||
| *] used a red and black monad symbol in its trademark. | |||
| *In ] a '''monad''' is a single ] or ]. See also: ], ], ], ]. | |||
| ⚫ | ==See also== | ||
| ==Fictional entities== | |||
| ⚫ | *] | ||
| * Monads, megastructures in Robert Silverberg's 1971 novel '']'' | |||
| * Monad Proxy, a ] | |||
| * John Monad, the title character of the 2007 television series '']'' | |||
| * Monad/Monado, a sword in the 2010 videogame '']'' | |||
| ==Other uses== | |||
| {{disambig}} | |||
| * ], a single note or pitch | |||
| * ], in Hapur, Uttar Pradesh, India | |||
| * The emblem of the ] | |||
| ⚫ | ==See also== | ||
| ⚫ | * ] | ||
| * ] | |||
| * ], in abstract algebra | |||
| * {{lookfrom|Monad}}, for titles starting "Monad" or "Monadic" | |||
| * {{intitle|Monad}} | |||
| {{Disambiguation}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
Latest revision as of 15:15, 27 August 2024
Monad may refer to:
Philosophy
- Monad (philosophy), a term meaning "unit"
- Monism, the concept of "one essence" in the metaphysical and theological theory
- Monad (Gnosticism), the most primal aspect of God in Gnosticism
- Great Monad, an older name for the taijitu symbol
- Monadologia Physica, by Immanuel Kant
- La Monadologie, by Gottfried Leibniz, a book about a basic unit of perceptual reality
- Monas Hieroglyphica, a 1564 book by John Dee describing a symbol of his own invention
Mathematics, science and technology
- Monad (biology), a historical term for a simple unicellular organism
- Monad (category theory), a construction in category theory
- Monad (functional programming), functional programming constructs that capture various notions of computation
- Monad (homological algebra), a 3-term complex
- Monad (nonstandard analysis), the set of points infinitesimally close to a given point
- Monad shell, the code name for the PowerShell command line interface for Microsoft Windows
Fictional entities
- Monads, megastructures in Robert Silverberg's 1971 novel The World Inside
- Monad Proxy, a character in the 2006 anime series Ergo Proxy
- John Monad, the title character of the 2007 television series John from Cincinnati
- Monad/Monado, a sword in the 2010 videogame Xenoblade Chronicles
Other uses
- Monad (music), a single note or pitch
- Monad University, in Hapur, Uttar Pradesh, India
- The emblem of the technocracy movement
See also
- Monade
- Monadic (disambiguation)
- Monoid, in abstract algebra
- All pages with titles beginning with Monad, for titles starting "Monad" or "Monadic"
- All pages with titles containing Monad
This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Monad.If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Category: