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{{short description|British executioner}}
⚫ {{moresources|date=November 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}

⚫ {{more citations needed|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox person {{Infobox person
| name = John Ellis | name = John Ellis
| image = | image = File:John Ellis, Hangman.jpg
| image_size = | image_size = 170px
| alt = portrait photo of a balding man with a large moustache
| alt =
| caption = | caption = John Ellis
| birth_name = | birth_name =
| birth_date = 4 October 1874 | birth_date = 4 October 1874
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| citizenship = British | citizenship = British
| occupation = Executioner | occupation = Executioner
| years_active = 1901–24 | years_active = 1901–1924
| parents = Joseph and Sarah Ellis | parents = Joseph and Sarah Ellis
}} }}
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==Personal life== ==Personal life==
{{unsourced|section|date=July 2016}} {{unreferenced section|date=July 2016}}
Born in ] on 4 October 1874, he first worked in a series of jobs as a casual labourer in and around ] before gaining a job at a ] in ]. After another stint in a factory he decided to follow his father's trade by becoming a ] and ] in Rochdale, where he subsequently also opened a ]'s shop, which he ran with his wife and children. Born in ] on 4 October 1874, he first worked in a series of jobs as a casual labourer in and around ] before gaining a job at a ] in ]. After another stint in a factory he decided to follow his father's trade by becoming a ] and ] in Rochdale, where he subsequently also opened a ]'s shop, which he ran with his wife and children.


==Career== ==Career==
⚫ At the age of 22 he applied to the ] to become an executioner and was invited to attend training at ]. He first participated in an execution in ] in December 1901, as assistant to ]. Ellis served as Chief Executioner from 1907 and was involved in a total of 203 executions.
{{moresources|section|date=July 2016}}
⚫ At the age of 22 he applied to the ] to become an executioner and was invited to attend training at ]. He first participated in an execution in ] in December 1901, as assistant to ]. Ellis served as Chief Executioner from 1907 and was involved in a total of 203 executions. Among the executions he performed were those of ] (known as Dr. Crippen) in 1910, ] in 1912, Sir ] in 1916, ] in 1922, and of ] in 1923. He took the responsibility of his position very seriously and hoped to "despatch" the condemned person with as little fuss and pain to the individual concerned as possible.


The ordeal of executing Edith Thompson in 1923 had a profound effect on Ellis. Thompson had collapsed in terror at the prospect of her hanging and, unconscious, had to be supported on the gallows by four prison warders.<ref>{{cite book|author=Weis, Rene|title=Criminal Justice: The True Story of Edith Thompson|year=2001|publisher= Penguin Books Ltd.}}</ref> Various accounts report, "that guards had to tie her to a small wooden chair before drawing the noose around her neck", and that "she was hanged in a ]".<ref>{{cite book|chapter=1913-1921|page=49|author=McGilligan, Patrick|title=Alfred Hitchcock: A Life in Darkness and Light - London: The Enjoyment of Fear}}<!--ISBN needed--></ref> Among the executions he performed were those of ] (known as Dr. Crippen) in 1910, ] in 1912, Sir ] in 1916, ] in 1922, and ] in 1923. The ordeal of executing Edith Thompson in 1923 had a profound effect on Ellis. Thompson had collapsed in terror at the prospect of her hanging and, unconscious, had to be supported on the gallows by four prison warders.<ref>{{cite book|author=Weis, Rene|title=Criminal Justice: The True Story of Edith Thompson|year=2001|publisher= Penguin Books Ltd.}}</ref> Various accounts report, "that guards had to tie her to a small wooden chair before drawing the noose around her neck", and that "she was hanged in a ]".<ref>{{cite book|chapter=1913-1921|page=49|author=McGilligan, Patrick|title=Alfred Hitchcock: A Life in Darkness and Light - London: The Enjoyment of Fear}}<!--ISBN needed--></ref>


⚫ ==Resignation and death==
On 27 March 1956, the then Home Secretary Major Lloyd George stated in a Written Answer in the Commons "that the Governor of Holloway Prison, who was also the Medical Officer, ... gave Mrs. Thompson sedatives" and that "although he thought she could have walked with assistance, he had her carried and she was supported on the scaffold. Apart from this, nothing unusual occurred."<ref>HC Deb, 27 March 1956 vol 550 cc189-90W 189W</ref>
Ellis resigned from his post in March 1924.<ref name=HangmanQuits>, in '']'' (via '']''); published March 29, 1924</ref> Whether this was due to his experiences at the Thompson hanging is open to dispute, especially since he performed 11 more executions (among which was one of another woman) before he withdrew. Ellis took to drinking heavily, and attempted suicide in 1924 by shooting himself in the jaw.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/obiter/hangmans-brush-with-the-law/5101517.article|title=Hangman's brush with the law|first=James|last=Morton|date=23 September 2019|website=Law Gazette}}</ref>


Suicide was at that time ], and Ellis was charged and bound over for 12&nbsp;months at Rochdale Magistrates Court.<ref>{{cite news|title= Famous Hangman's Fate|newspaper= Londonderry Sentinel|date= 22 September 1932|page= 3}}</ref>
When the gallows trapdoor opened and Thompson fell, the sudden impact of the noose caused her to suffer a massive vaginal haemorrhage. The large amount of blood spilled, combined with the fact that Thompson had gained weight during her imprisonment even while resisting food, led to conjecture that she might have been pregnant, although no post-mortem examination was made. All women hanged in Britain after Thompson were required to wear a special garment made of canvas as a precaution against the problems encountered with Thompson.<ref>{{cite book|author=Weis, Rene|title=Criminal Justice: The True Story of Edith Thompson|year=2001|publisher=Penguin Books Ltd.}}<!-- ISBN needed --></ref>
Eight years later, in September 1932, after another bout of heavy drinking, Ellis died by suicide, cutting his throat with a razor.<ref>{{Harvnb|Fielding|2008|pp=87–91}}</ref>

⚫ ==Resignation==
Ellis resigned from his post in the following year. Whether this was due to his experiences at the Thompson hanging is open to dispute, especially since he performed 11 more executions (among which one of another woman) before he withdrew. Ellis took to drinking heavily, and attempted suicide in 1924 by shooting himself in the jaw. Suicide was at that time ], and Ellis was charged and bound over for 12&nbsp;months at Rochdale Magistrates Court. Eight years later, in September 1932, after another bout of heavy drinking, Ellis succeeded in his suicide attempt, cutting his throat with a razor.<ref>{{Harvnb|Fielding|2008|pp=87–91}}</ref>


==Controversy== ==Controversy==
His relations to his fellow executioners were strained. ] was struck off the list of executioners following a complaint by John Ellis. Pierrepoint, arriving at Chelmsford prison slightly intoxicated on 13 July 1910, had started a row, and he would have beaten up Ellis had not warders intervened. Pierrepoint's brother, Thomas, also an executioner, is reported to have said about John Ellis that "it was impossible to work with him".<ref>{{citation|last=Pierrepoint|first=Albert|title=Executioner:Pierrepoint|publisher=Eric Dobby Publishing|year=2005|isbn=1-85882-061-8|page=62}}</ref> His relations to his fellow executioners were strained. ] was struck off the list of executioners following a complaint by Ellis. Pierrepoint, arriving at Chelmsford prison slightly intoxicated on 13 July 1910, had started a row, and would have beaten Ellis up, had not warders intervened. Pierrepoint's brother Thomas, also an executioner, is reported to have said about John Ellis that "it was impossible to work with him".<ref>{{citation|last=Pierrepoint|first=Albert|title=Executioner:Pierrepoint|publisher=Eric Dobby Publishing|year=2005|isbn=1-85882-061-8|page=62}}</ref>

Ellis was persuaded to take on the dramatic role of executioner in the play
''The Life and Adventures of ]'', which opened in ] in December, 1927. This attracted a degree of controversy as some considered his participation inappropriate. Attendances dwindled and after the production closed, Ellis used the scaffold as part of his tours.<ref>{{cite news|title= Famous Hangman's Fate|newspaper= Londonderry Sentinel|date= 22 September 1932|page= 3}}</ref>


Insights into his behaviour, way of thinking and the methods he employed can be read in the book ''Diary of a Hangman'', in which he describes his methods and recalls the final moments of some of those he executed.<ref>{{citation|last=Ellis|first=John|title=Diary of a Hangman|publisher=Forum Design|year=1996|isbn=1-874358-11-7}}</ref> Insights into his behaviour, way of thinking and the methods he employed can be read in the book ''Diary of a Hangman'', in which he describes his methods and recalls the final moments of some of those he executed.<ref>{{citation|last=Ellis|first=John|title=Diary of a Hangman|publisher=Forum Design|year=1996|isbn=1-874358-11-7}}</ref>
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==References== ==References==
{{reflist}} {{Reflist}}


==Sources== ==Sources==
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==External links== ==External links==
⚫ *, Jack Doughty (1998); {{ISBN|978-1-900734-14-1}}
*, manchesterhistory.net

⚫ *, Jack Doughty (1998); ISBN 978-1-900734-14-1
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Ellis, John}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ellis, John}}
] ]
⚫ ]
] ]
] ]
] ]
]
] ]
⚫ ]

Latest revision as of 12:22, 31 August 2024

British executioner

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Find sources: "John Ellis" executioner – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (November 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
John Ellis
portrait photo of a balding man with a large moustacheJohn Ellis
Born4 October 1874
Balderstone, Rochdale, Lancashire, England, UK
Died20 September 1932 (aged 57)
Castleton, Lancashire, England
Cause of deathSuicide
CitizenshipBritish
OccupationExecutioner
Years active1901–1924
Parent(s)Joseph and Sarah Ellis

John Ellis (4 October 1874 – 20 September 1932) was a British executioner for 23 years, from 1901 to 1924. His other occupations were as a Rochdale hairdresser and newsagent.

Personal life

This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

Born in Balderstone, Rochdale on 4 October 1874, he first worked in a series of jobs as a casual labourer in and around Manchester before gaining a job at a spinning mill in Bury. After another stint in a factory he decided to follow his father's trade by becoming a barber and hairdresser in Rochdale, where he subsequently also opened a newsagent's shop, which he ran with his wife and children.

Career

At the age of 22 he applied to the Home Office to become an executioner and was invited to attend training at Newgate Prison. He first participated in an execution in Newcastle in December 1901, as assistant to William Billington. Ellis served as Chief Executioner from 1907 and was involved in a total of 203 executions.

Among the executions he performed were those of Hawley Harvey Crippen (known as Dr. Crippen) in 1910, Frederick Seddon in 1912, Sir Roger Casement in 1916, Herbert Rowse Armstrong in 1922, and Edith Thompson in 1923. The ordeal of executing Edith Thompson in 1923 had a profound effect on Ellis. Thompson had collapsed in terror at the prospect of her hanging and, unconscious, had to be supported on the gallows by four prison warders. Various accounts report, "that guards had to tie her to a small wooden chair before drawing the noose around her neck", and that "she was hanged in a bosun's chair".

Resignation and death

Ellis resigned from his post in March 1924. Whether this was due to his experiences at the Thompson hanging is open to dispute, especially since he performed 11 more executions (among which was one of another woman) before he withdrew. Ellis took to drinking heavily, and attempted suicide in 1924 by shooting himself in the jaw.

Suicide was at that time a criminal offence, and Ellis was charged and bound over for 12 months at Rochdale Magistrates Court. Eight years later, in September 1932, after another bout of heavy drinking, Ellis died by suicide, cutting his throat with a razor.

Controversy

His relations to his fellow executioners were strained. Henry Pierrepoint was struck off the list of executioners following a complaint by Ellis. Pierrepoint, arriving at Chelmsford prison slightly intoxicated on 13 July 1910, had started a row, and would have beaten Ellis up, had not warders intervened. Pierrepoint's brother Thomas, also an executioner, is reported to have said about John Ellis that "it was impossible to work with him".

Ellis was persuaded to take on the dramatic role of executioner in the play The Life and Adventures of Charles Peace, which opened in Gravesend in December, 1927. This attracted a degree of controversy as some considered his participation inappropriate. Attendances dwindled and after the production closed, Ellis used the scaffold as part of his tours.

Insights into his behaviour, way of thinking and the methods he employed can be read in the book Diary of a Hangman, in which he describes his methods and recalls the final moments of some of those he executed.

See also

References

  1. Weis, Rene (2001). Criminal Justice: The True Story of Edith Thompson. Penguin Books Ltd.
  2. McGilligan, Patrick. "1913-1921". Alfred Hitchcock: A Life in Darkness and Light - London: The Enjoyment of Fear. p. 49.
  3. Britain's Official Hangman Quits After 23 Years Without Excuses, in the Evening Star (via Chronicling America); published March 29, 1924
  4. Morton, James (23 September 2019). "Hangman's brush with the law". Law Gazette.
  5. "Famous Hangman's Fate". Londonderry Sentinel. 22 September 1932. p. 3.
  6. Fielding 2008, pp. 87–91
  7. Pierrepoint, Albert (2005), Executioner:Pierrepoint, Eric Dobby Publishing, p. 62, ISBN 1-85882-061-8
  8. "Famous Hangman's Fate". Londonderry Sentinel. 22 September 1932. p. 3.
  9. Ellis, John (1996), Diary of a Hangman, Forum Design, ISBN 1-874358-11-7

Sources

External links

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