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{{short description|American philosopher}}
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{{Infobox person {{Infobox person
|name = Dagobert David Runes | name = Dagobert David Runes
|image = | image =
|caption = | caption =
|birth_date = {{birth date|mf=yes|1902|1|6}} | birth_date = {{birth date|mf=yes|1902|1|6}}
|birth_place = ], ], ] (now ]) | birth_place = ], ], ] (now ])
|death_date = {{death date and age|1982|9|24|1902|1|6}} | death_date = {{death date and age|1982|9|24|1902|1|6}}
|death_place = ], ], U.S. | death_place = ], ], U.S.
| education = ] (])
|known_for = Founder of the ] | known_for = Founder of the ]
}} }}
'''Dagobert David Runes''' (January 6, 1902 – September 24, 1982) was a ] and author. '''Dagobert David Runes''' (January 6, 1902 – September 24, 1982) was an immigrant publisher in the US, a ] and author.


==Biography== ==Biography==
Runes was born in ], ], ] (now in ]). He received a ] in ] from the ] in 1924, under the direction of ], one of the founders of the Vienna Circle of positivist philosophers.{{sfn|Edelman|2007|p=197}}
Born in ], ], ] (now in ]), Runes emigrated to the United States in 1926. He had received a ] in ] from the ] in 1924. In the U.S. he became editor of ''The Modern Thinker'' and later ''Current Digest''. From 1931 to 1934 he was Director of the Institute for Advanced Education in ]. He had an encyclopedic level fluency in Latin and ]; he fluently spoke and wrote in ], German, ], French, Hebrew, Russian, Polish, ], and English. In 1941 he founded the ],<ref name=nytobit>{{cite news|title=Dr. Dagobert Runes, Founder Of the Philosophical Library|url=http://www.nytimes.com/1982/09/27/obituaries/dr-dagobert-runes-founder-of-the-philosophical-library.html|accessdate=15 December 2011|newspaper=New York Times|date=27 September 1982|page=D-9}}</ref> a spiritual organization and publishing house. Runes was a colleague and friend to ].<ref>Einstein wrote quotes for the covers of many of his works, including one on his book ''The War Against The Jews'' front inner flap "His views are the closest to mine... the historical treatment of Jews by Christians is the most egregious example of man's inhumanity to their fellow man..."</ref>


Inspired by youthful vigor and free-thinking ideas, Runes's first book entitled ''The True Jesus or the Fifth Gospel'' (1927), published in a Viennese publishing house with the financial support of the Social Democratic Party of Austria, created such a stir, says Professor of German literature Ulrich E. Bach, that its publisher, Rudolf Cerny, was sentenced to sixty days in prison.<ref name=Bach2010 />{{Rp|p=279–280}} Thus Runes - fearing a charge of blasphemy - was forced to emigrate to New York as early as 1928.<ref name=Bach2010 >{{Citation
Runes published an English translation of Marx's '']'' under the title ''A World without Jews''. Though this has often been considered the first translation of the work, a Soviet ], propaganda version had existed a few years earlier, which was likely unknown to Runes. As the title of Rune's book sounded ], it had extremely limited circulation in the English-speaking world. Runes wrote an introduction to the translation that was clearly antagonistic to extreme ], and 'its materialism,' as he would later often put it, yet he did not entirely negate Marxism. He also edited several works presenting the ideas and history of philosophy to a general audience, especially his ''Dictionary of Philosophy''.
| last = Bach
| first = Ulrich E.
| title = Dagobert D. Runes: Ein Streitbarer Verleger in New York
| language = de
| date = 2010-07-16
| work = Deutschsprachige Exilliteratur seit 1933. Band 3: USA Supplement 1
| pages=278–294
| editor-last = Spalek
| editor-first = John M.
| access-date = 2023-06-03
| publisher = DE GRUYTER SAUR
| doi = 10.1515/9783110240573.1.278
| isbn = 978-3-11-024056-6
| editor2-last = Feilchenfeldt
| editor2-first = Konrad
| editor3-last = Hawrylchak
| editor3-first = Sandra H.
| url = https://www.academia.edu/222625
}}</ref>{{Rp|278,280}}


In the U.S. he became editor of ''The Modern Thinker'' (Founded as ''The Thinker'' in 1929, acquired and renamed by Runes in 1932, closed in 1936.), ''The Modern Psychologist'' (1932-1938), and ''Current Digest'' (1933-1940).<ref>{{Cite book
He spoke and wrote unpublished letters about his extensive research into the censorship by the ] and other Christian organizations of ], which as he studied he realized was far more prolific than almost anyone realized.{{citation needed|date=March 2014}} Early versions of the ], for example, instituted laws such as "You shall apply all negative to that pernicious race , and all positive will be applied to the poor of the Roman Christians";{{citation needed|date=March 2014}} and ] banned any Jewish language, which is rarely noted.{{citation needed|date=March 2014}} The extensive antisemitism in the ] was later censored in some works.{{citation needed|date=March 2014}} Jews were barred from many fields which did not fit into the stereotypes portrayed in annual ] ], such as being tax collectors or money traders.{{citation needed|date=March 2014}} (Another minor example was that in ], Jews were only allowed to trade used clothes, so that their social status would remain beneath the Christians).{{citation needed|date=March 2014}} He also listed holidays where young energetic parishioners were directed to strike the first elderly Jews they saw upon leaving the Church, specifically in the nose, where blood would be readily observed.{{citation needed|date=March 2014}} Runes' love for the Latin language greatly facilitated this research.
| last = Edelman
| first = Hendrik
Dagobert Runes moved to the United States with his wife Mary Gronich-Runes. They remarried in NYC in 1929 and remained married until Mary's death. They had two children, Regeen and Richard.{{citation needed|date=December 2011}} His mother was murdered in an anti-Semitic riot following ];{{citation needed|date=March 2014}} almost his entire family and their circle of friends were killed in the Holocaust.{{citation needed|date=March 2014}}
| chapter = Other immigrant publishers of note in America
| title = Immigrant Publishers : The impact of expatriate publishers in Britain and America in the 20th century
| year = 2007
| editor-last = Abel
| editor-first = Richard
| editor-last2 = Graham
| editor-first2 = Gordon
| publisher = Routledge
| location = London and New York
}} Also in {{Cite journal |last=Edelman |first=Hendrik |date=2007 | year=2007b| title=The immigrants: Other immigrant publishers of note — in America: A coda of portraits |url=https://brill.com/view/journals/logo/18/4/article-p194_6.xml |journal=Logos |volume=18 |issue=4 |pages=194–199 |doi=10.2959/logo.2007.18.4.194 |issn=0957-9656}}</ref> From 1931 to 1934 he was Director of the Institute for Advanced Education in ]. One of its earliest creations as a publisher was the scholarly ], which is still being published.{{sfn|Edelman|2007|loc=Dagobert Runes (1902-82)}}<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Carter |first=Curtis |author-link=Curtis L. Carter|date=2007 |title=Aesthetics into the Twenty-first Century |url=https://epublications.marquette.edu/phil_fac/230 |journal=Philosophy Faculty Research and Publications |volume=230}}</ref>{{Rp|p=72}} In 1941 he founded the ],<ref name=nytobit>{{cite news|title=Dr. Dagobert Runes, Founder Of the Philosophical Library|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/09/27/obituaries/dr-dagobert-runes-founder-of-the-philosophical-library.html|accessdate=15 December 2011|newspaper=New York Times|date=27 September 1982|page=D-9}}</ref> a spiritual organization and publishing house. He wrote and edited numerous books on the subjects of philosophy, politics, education, Judaism and his own poetry.{{sfn|Bach|2010|p=278}} His poem “Gottes Wiederkehr” was adapted for a four-part mixed choir as Op. 50a “Dreimal tausend Jahre” (“Three times a thousand Years”) by ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sites.google.com/a/gapps.uwc.edu/mus-174-rck-sp11/home/20th-century/arnold-schoenberg/dreimal-tausend-jahre-op-50a|title=Dreimal tausend Jahre op. 50a}}</ref> In New York, Runes socialized with many public figures and especially those driven into exile by Hitler. ], ] and ] were among his illustrious acquaintances.{{sfn|Bach|2010|p=278}}


== Selected works == == Selected works ==
*'']'' R. Cerny, 1927.
*''Dictionary of Philosophy'' (editor) Philosophical Library, 1942. *''Dictionary of Philosophy'' (editor), ], 1942.
*'''' (editor) Philosophical Library, 1947.
*''Jordan Lieder: Frühe Gedichte'' (in German) The Philosophical Library, 1948. *''Jordan Lieder: Frühe Gedichte'' (in German) The Philosophical Library, 1948.
*''Letters to My Son'' The Philosophical Library, 1949. *''Letters to My Son'' The Philosophical Library, 1949.
*''The Hebrew Impact on Western Civilization'' The Philosophical Library, 1951. *''The Hebrew Impact on Western Civilization'' The Philosophical Library, 1951.
*''Spinoza Dictionary'' The Philosophical Library, 1951. *''Spinoza Dictionary'' The Philosophical Library, 1951.
*''Of God, the Devil and the Jews'' The Philosophical Library, 1952.
*''The Soviet Impact on Society: A Recollection, 1953. *''The Soviet Impact on Society: A Recollection'', 1953.
*''Letters to My Daughter'' The Philosophical Library, 1954. *''Letters to My Daughter'' The Philosophical Library, 1954.
*''Treasury of Philosophy'' (editor) The Philosophical Library, 1955. *''Treasury of Philosophy'' (editor) The Philosophical Library, 1955.
*''Treasury of World Literature'' (editor) The Philosophical Library, 1956.
*''On the Nature of Man'' The Philosophical Library, 1956. *''On the Nature of Man'' The Philosophical Library, 1956.
* Sartre, J.P., ''Being and Nothingness'' Translated by Hazel E. Barnes, The Philosophical Library, 1956.
*''Pictorial History of Philosophy'' (editor) The Philosophical Library, 1959. *''Pictorial History of Philosophy'' (editor) The Philosophical Library, 1959.
*''A Dictionary of Thought'' (editor) Philosophical Library, 1959. *''A Dictionary of Thought'' (editor) Philosophical Library, 1959.
Line 40: Line 72:
*''The Art of Thinking'' The Philosophical Library, 1961. *''The Art of Thinking'' The Philosophical Library, 1961.
*''A Treasury of World Science'' (editor) The Philosophical Library, 1962. *''A Treasury of World Science'' (editor) The Philosophical Library, 1962.
*"Despotism: A Pictorial History of Tyranny" (author) The Philosophical Library, 1963 Library of Congress Card catalog #62-22269 *''Despotism: A Pictorial History of Tyranny'' (author) The Philosophical Library, 1963 Library of Congress Card catalog #62-22269
*''The Disinterested and the Law'' The Philosophical Library, 1964. *''The Disinterested and the Law'' The Philosophical Library, 1964.
*''Philosophy for Everyman: From Socrates to Sartre'', Philosophical Library, Library of Congress Card #68-22351, ©1968.


== References == == References ==
{{Reflist}} {{Reflist}}


== Sources == ==Sources==
⚫ * ''Pictorial History of Philosophy'' by Dagobert D. Runes, 1959.
*Ulrich E Bach. “Dagobert D. Runes: Ein streitbarer Verleger in New York.” In: ''Deutschsprachige Exilliteratur seit 1933 3/I USA Supplement''. Ed. John M. Spalek, Konrad Feilchenfeldt and Sandra H. Hawrylchak. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2010: 278-295.
* Karl Marx: Selected essays.” 1926
⚫ *''Pictorial History of Philosophy'' by Dagobert D. Runes, 1959.


== External links == ==External links==
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Dagobert David Runes}} * {{Internet Archive author |sname=Dagobert David Runes}}
* *
* *


{{Authority control}} {{Authority control}}
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Latest revision as of 08:38, 12 September 2024

American philosopher
Dagobert David Runes
Born(1902-01-06)January 6, 1902
Zastavna, Bukovina, Austro-Hungary (now Ukraine)
DiedSeptember 24, 1982(1982-09-24) (aged 80)
New York City, New York, U.S.
EducationUniversity of Vienna (PhD)
Known forFounder of the Philosophical Library

Dagobert David Runes (January 6, 1902 – September 24, 1982) was an immigrant publisher in the US, a philosopher and author.

Biography

Runes was born in Zastavna, Bukovina, Austro-Hungary (now in Ukraine). He received a doctorate in philosophy from the University of Vienna in 1924, under the direction of Moritz Schlick, one of the founders of the Vienna Circle of positivist philosophers.

Inspired by youthful vigor and free-thinking ideas, Runes's first book entitled The True Jesus or the Fifth Gospel (1927), published in a Viennese publishing house with the financial support of the Social Democratic Party of Austria, created such a stir, says Professor of German literature Ulrich E. Bach, that its publisher, Rudolf Cerny, was sentenced to sixty days in prison. Thus Runes - fearing a charge of blasphemy - was forced to emigrate to New York as early as 1928.

In the U.S. he became editor of The Modern Thinker (Founded as The Thinker in 1929, acquired and renamed by Runes in 1932, closed in 1936.), The Modern Psychologist (1932-1938), and Current Digest (1933-1940). From 1931 to 1934 he was Director of the Institute for Advanced Education in New York City. One of its earliest creations as a publisher was the scholarly Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, which is still being published. In 1941 he founded the Philosophical Library, a spiritual organization and publishing house. He wrote and edited numerous books on the subjects of philosophy, politics, education, Judaism and his own poetry. His poem “Gottes Wiederkehr” was adapted for a four-part mixed choir as Op. 50a “Dreimal tausend Jahre” (“Three times a thousand Years”) by Arnold Schoenberg. In New York, Runes socialized with many public figures and especially those driven into exile by Hitler. Alfred Adler, Albert Einstein and Emil Ludwig were among his illustrious acquaintances.

Selected works

  • Der wahre Jesus oder das fünfte Evangelium R. Cerny, 1927.
  • Dictionary of Philosophy (editor), Philosophical Library, 1942.
  • The Selected Writings of Benjamin Rush (editor) Philosophical Library, 1947.
  • Jordan Lieder: Frühe Gedichte (in German) The Philosophical Library, 1948.
  • Letters to My Son The Philosophical Library, 1949.
  • The Hebrew Impact on Western Civilization The Philosophical Library, 1951.
  • Spinoza Dictionary The Philosophical Library, 1951.
  • Of God, the Devil and the Jews The Philosophical Library, 1952.
  • The Soviet Impact on Society: A Recollection, 1953.
  • Letters to My Daughter The Philosophical Library, 1954.
  • Treasury of Philosophy (editor) The Philosophical Library, 1955.
  • Treasury of World Literature (editor) The Philosophical Library, 1956.
  • On the Nature of Man The Philosophical Library, 1956.
  • Sartre, J.P., Being and Nothingness Translated by Hazel E. Barnes, The Philosophical Library, 1956.
  • Pictorial History of Philosophy (editor) The Philosophical Library, 1959.
  • A Dictionary of Thought (editor) Philosophical Library, 1959.
  • A World without Jews (translator) The Philosophical Library, 1959.
  • The Art of Thinking The Philosophical Library, 1961.
  • A Treasury of World Science (editor) The Philosophical Library, 1962.
  • Despotism: A Pictorial History of Tyranny (author) The Philosophical Library, 1963 Library of Congress Card catalog #62-22269
  • The Disinterested and the Law The Philosophical Library, 1964.
  • Philosophy for Everyman: From Socrates to Sartre, Philosophical Library, Library of Congress Card #68-22351, ©1968.

References

  1. Edelman 2007, p. 197.
  2. ^ Bach, Ulrich E. (2010-07-16), Spalek, John M.; Feilchenfeldt, Konrad; Hawrylchak, Sandra H. (eds.), "Dagobert D. Runes: Ein Streitbarer Verleger in New York", Deutschsprachige Exilliteratur seit 1933. Band 3: USA Supplement 1 (in German), DE GRUYTER SAUR, pp. 278–294, doi:10.1515/9783110240573.1.278, ISBN 978-3-11-024056-6, retrieved 2023-06-03
  3. Edelman, Hendrik (2007). "Other immigrant publishers of note in America". In Abel, Richard; Graham, Gordon (eds.). Immigrant Publishers : The impact of expatriate publishers in Britain and America in the 20th century. London and New York: Routledge. Also in Edelman, Hendrik (2007). "The immigrants: Other immigrant publishers of note — in America: A coda of portraits". Logos. 18 (4): 194–199. doi:10.2959/logo.2007.18.4.194. ISSN 0957-9656.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  4. Edelman 2007, Dagobert Runes (1902-82).
  5. Carter, Curtis (2007). "Aesthetics into the Twenty-first Century". Philosophy Faculty Research and Publications. 230.
  6. "Dr. Dagobert Runes, Founder Of the Philosophical Library". New York Times. 27 September 1982. p. D-9. Retrieved 15 December 2011.
  7. ^ Bach 2010, p. 278.
  8. "Dreimal tausend Jahre op. 50a".

Sources

  • Pictorial History of Philosophy by Dagobert D. Runes, 1959.
  • Karl Marx: Selected essays.” 1926

External links

Categories: