Olympias II of Epirus: Difference between revisions

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	{{short description\|3rd-century BC Greek noblewoman}}		{{short description\|3rd-century BC Greek noblewoman}}
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	'''Olympias''' (in ] Ὀλυμπιάς, {{IPA-el\|olympiás\|pron}}; lived 3rd century BC) was a ] and regent of Epirus.		'''Olympias''' (in ] Ὀλυμπιάς, {{IPA-el\|olympiás\|pron}}; lived 3rd century BC) was a Greek ] and regent of Epirus.

	She was the daughter of ], king of ] and his first wife ]. She was the wife of her own paternal half-brother ].		She was the daughter of ], king of the Greek kingdom of ] and his first wife ]. She was the wife of her own paternal half-brother ].

	After Alexander's death around 242 BC, she assumed the regency of the kingdom on behalf of her two sons, ] and ]; and in order to strengthen herself against the ] she gave before 239 BC her daughter ] in marriage to ], king of ]ia. By this alliance, she secured herself in the possession of the sovereignty, which she continued to administer till her sons were grown to manhood, when she resigned it into the hands of Pyrrhus II.		After Alexander's death around 242 BC, she assumed the regency of the kingdom on behalf of her two sons, ] and ]; and in order to strengthen herself against the ] she gave before 239 BC her daughter ] in marriage to ], king of ]ia. By this alliance, she secured herself in the possession of the sovereignty, which she continued to administer till her sons were grown to manhood, when she resigned it into the hands of Pyrrhus II.

	But the deaths of Pyrrhus II (circa 238) and his brother Ptolemy (circa 235) followed in quick succession, and Olympias herself died of grief for her double loss,{{r\|just_28.3}} according to ]. By another account Olympias had poisoned a ] damsel named Tigris, to whom her son Pyrrhus was attached, and was herself poisoned by him in revenge.{{r\|ath_13_phot}}		But the deaths of Pyrrhus II (circa 238) and his brother Ptolemy (circa 235) followed in quick succession, and Olympias herself died of grief for her double loss,{{r\|just_28.3}} according to ]. By another account Olympias had poisoned a ] damsel named Tigris, to whom her son Pyrrhus was attached, and was herself poisoned by him in revenge.{{r\|ath_13_phot}}
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Latest revision as of 15:43, 24 September 2024

3rd-century BC Greek noblewoman Not to be confused with Olympias, the wife of Philip II of Macedon and mother of Alexander the Great.

Olympias (in Greek Ὀλυμπιάς, pronounced [olympiás]; lived 3rd century BC) was a Greek queen consort and regent of Epirus.

She was the daughter of Pyrrhus, king of the Greek kingdom of Epirus and his first wife Antigone. She was the wife of her own paternal half-brother Alexander II.

After Alexander's death around 242 BC, she assumed the regency of the kingdom on behalf of her two sons, Pyrrhus II and Ptolemy; and in order to strengthen herself against the Aetolian League she gave before 239 BC her daughter Phthia in marriage to Demetrius II, king of Macedonia. By this alliance, she secured herself in the possession of the sovereignty, which she continued to administer till her sons were grown to manhood, when she resigned it into the hands of Pyrrhus II.

But the deaths of Pyrrhus II (circa 238) and his brother Ptolemy (circa 235) followed in quick succession, and Olympias herself died of grief for her double loss, according to Justin. By another account Olympias had poisoned a Leucadian damsel named Tigris, to whom her son Pyrrhus was attached, and was herself poisoned by him in revenge.

References

Smith, William (editor); Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, "Olympias (2)", Boston, (1867)

Notes

Justin, Epitome of Pompeius Trogus, xxliii. 3
Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae, xiii. 56; Photius, Bibliotheca, cod. 279

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1870). "Olympias (2)". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology.

v t e Hellenistic rulers
Argeads	Philip II Alexander III the Great Philip III Arrhidaeus Alexander IV
Antipatrids	Cassander Philip IV Alexander V Antipater II Antipater Etesias Sosthenes
Antigonids	Antigonus I Monophthalmus Demetrius I Poliorcetes Antigonus II Gonatas Demetrius II Aetolicus Antigonus III Doson Philip V Perseus Philip VI (pretender)
Ptolemies	Ptolemy I Soter Ptolemy Keraunos Ptolemy II Philadelphus Ptolemy III Euergetes Ptolemy IV Philopator Ptolemy V Epiphanes Cleopatra I Syra (regent) Ptolemy VI Philometor Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator Cleopatra II Philometor Soter Ptolemy VIII Physcon Cleopatra III Ptolemy IX Lathyros Ptolemy X Alexander Berenice III Ptolemy XI Alexander Ptolemy XII Auletes Cleopatra VI Tryphaena Berenice IV Epiphanea Ptolemy XIII Ptolemy XIV Cleopatra VII Philopator Ptolemy XV Caesarion
Monarchs of Cyrene	Magas Berenice II Demetrius the Fair Ptolemy VIII Physcon Ptolemy Apion Cleopatra Selene II
Seleucids	Seleucus I Nicator Antiochus I Soter Antiochus II Theos Seleucus II Callinicus Seleucus III Ceraunus Antiochus III the Great Seleucus IV Philopator Antiochus IV Epiphanes Antiochus V Eupator Demetrius I Soter Alexander I Balas Demetrius II Nicator Antiochus VI Dionysus Diodotus Tryphon Antiochus VII Sidetes Alexander II Zabinas Cleopatra Thea Seleucus V Philometor Antiochus VIII Grypus Antiochus IX Cyzicenus Seleucus VI Epiphanes Antiochus X Eusebes Antiochus XI Epiphanes Demetrius III Eucaerus Philip I Philadelphus Antiochus XII Dionysus Cleopatra Selene I Antiochus XIII Asiaticus Philip II Philoromaeus
Lysimachids	Lysimachus Ptolemy Epigonos
Attalids	Philetaerus Eumenes I Attalus I Eumenes II Attalus II Attalus III Eumenes III
Greco-Bactrians	Diodotus I Diodotus II Euthydemus I Demetrius I Euthydemus II Antimachus I Pantaleon Agathocles Demetrius II Eucratides I Plato Eucratides II Heliocles I
Indo-Greeks	Demetrius I Antimachus I Pantaleon Agathocles Apollodotus I Demetrius II Antimachus II Menander I Zoilos I Agathokleia Lysias Strato I Antialcidas Heliokles II Polyxenos Demetrius III Philoxenus Diomedes Amyntas Epander Theophilos Peukolaos Thraso Nicias Menander II Artemidoros Hermaeus Archebius Telephos Apollodotus II Hippostratos Dionysios Zoilos II Apollophanes Strato II Strato III
Monarchs of Bithynia	Boteiras Bas Zipoetes I Nicomedes I Zipoetes II Etazeta (regent) Ziaelas Prusias I Prusias II Nicomedes II Nicomedes III Nicomedes IV Socrates Chrestus
Monarchs of Pontus	Mithridates I Ctistes Ariobarzanes Mithridates II Mithridates III Pharnaces I Mithridates IV Philopator Philadephos with Laodice Mithridates V Euergetes Mithridates VI Eupator Pharnaces II Darius Arsaces Polemon I Pythodorida Polemon II
Monarchs of Commagene	Ptolemaeus Sames II Mithridates I Antiochus I Mithridates II Antiochus II Mithridates III Antiochus III Antiochus IV
Monarchs of Cappadocia	Ariarathes I Ariarathes II Ariamnes II Ariarathes III Ariarathes IV Ariarathes V Orophernes Ariarathes VI Ariarathes VII Ariarathes VIII Ariarathes IX Ariobarzanes I Ariobarzanes II Ariobarzanes III Ariarathes X Archelaus
Monarchs of the Cimmerian Bosporus	Paerisades I Satyros II Prytanis Eumelos Spartokos III Hygiainon (regent) Paerisades II Spartokos IV Leukon II Spartokos V [ru] Kamasarye Paerisades III Paerisades IV Paerisades V Mithridates I Pharnaces Asander with Dynamis Mithridates II Asander with Dynamis Scribonius's attempted rule with Dynamis Dynamis with Polemon Polemon Aspurgus Gepaepyris Mithridates III Cotys I
Monarchs of Epirus	Admetus Tharrhypas Alcetas I Neoptolemus I Arybbas Alexander I Aeacides Neoptolemus II Alcetas II Pyrrhus I Alexander II Olympias II (regent) Pyrrhus II Ptolemy Pyrrhus III Deidamia
Hellenistic rulers were preceded by Hellenistic satraps in most of their territories.

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