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{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}
⚫ '''Benjamin Motte''', (November 1693 — 12 March 1738<ref name="DNB">J. J. Caudle ''Dictionary of National Biography''</ref>), was a London publisher and son of ] Motte published many works and is well known for his publishing of ]'s '']''.<ref>Ehrenpreis p. 1012</ref>
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{short description|English publisher}}
⚫ '''Benjamin Motte''' ({{IPAc-en|m|ɒ|t}}; November 1693 – 12 March 1738<ref name="DNB">J. J. Caudle ''Dictionary of National Biography''</ref>) was a London publisher and son of ] Motte published many works and is well known for his publishing of ]'s '']''.<ref>Ehrenpreis p. 1012</ref>


==Background== ==Background==
Benjamin Motte was born in St Botoloph (Aldersgate), London to Benjamin Motte Sr. and Anne Clarke.<ref name="DNB"/> He was born in early November 1693 and baptized soon after on 14 November.<ref name="DNB"/> Some of his first mentions are of his early publications and when he took over Benjamin Tooke's publishing business.<ref name="Ehrenpreis p. 739">Ehrenpreis p. 739</ref> Benjamin Motte was born in the parish of ] (Aldersgate), London to Benjamin Motte Sr. and Anne Clarke.<ref name="DNB"/> He was born in early November 1693 and baptised soon after on 14 November.<ref name="DNB"/> Some of his first mentions are of his early publications and when he took over Benjamin Tooke's publishing business.<ref name="Ehrenpreis p. 739">Ehrenpreis p. 739</ref>


It was not under 7 February 1715 that Motte was free from his publishing patrimony, and he took off as a bookseller in 1719.<ref name="DNB"/> Motte's place of business in ] (London) was located in Middle Temple Gate. This space was passed to Motte by his predecessor, Benjamin Tooke, and then passed to Motte's replacement, Charles Bathurst, in 1738 upon his death.<ref>Fleet Street and the Press</ref> Motte was then asked to become partners with the Tooke publishing firm after Benjamin Tooke's brother, Samuel Tooke, died in late 1723, and as he took the position, he became the only active member of the publishing firm.<ref name="DNB"/> On 21 December 1725, Motte married Elizabeth, the daughter of Rev. Thomas Brian, and had two children.<ref name="DNB"/> It was not under 7 February 1715 that Motte was free from his publishing patrimony, and he took off as a bookseller in 1719.<ref name="DNB"/> Motte's place of business in ] (London) was located in ]. This space was passed to Motte by his predecessor, Benjamin Tooke, and then passed to Motte's replacement, Charles Bathurst, in 1738 upon his death.<ref>Fleet Street and the Press</ref> Motte was then asked to become partners with the Tooke publishing firm after Benjamin Tooke's brother, Samuel Tooke, died in December 1724,<ref>The Daily Post, London, Number 1635, 22 December 1724</ref> and as he took the position, he became the only active member of the publishing firm.<ref name="DNB"/> On 21 December 1725, Motte married Elizabeth, the daughter of Rev. Thomas Brian, and had two children.<ref name="DNB"/>


Throughout his career, Motte had three apprentices during his career: George Hall, Thomas Isborne, and Jonathan Russell.<ref></ref> After taking over the Tooke publishing firm, he partnered with his brother, Charles, until 1731.<ref name="DNB"/> Although he had no partner from 1731 - 1734, Motte took up his apprentice, Charles Bathurst, as his apprentice.<ref name="DNB"/> Throughout his career, Motte had three apprentices: George Hall, Thomas Isborne, and Jonathan Russell.<ref></ref> After taking over the Tooke publishing firm, he partnered with his brother, Charles, until 1731.<ref name="DNB"/> Although he had no partner from 1731–1734, Motte took up his apprentice, Charles Bathurst, as his apprentice.<ref name="DNB"/>


In 1726, ] sent Motte a copy of '']'', to be printed anonymously.<ref>Ehrenpreis p. 494</ref> Motte took great care to protect the identity of the author and employed five publishing houses to speed production of the book and avoid pirating.<ref>Clive Probyn, "Swift, Jonathan (1667–1745)", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''. Oxford University Press 2004</ref> In 1727, Motte formed his first direct contract with Swift and ] in order to publish their ''Miscellanies''.<ref name="Ehrenpreis p. 739"/> As part of the contract, Motte paid Tooke for the original copyright to the work.<ref name="Ehrenpreis p. 739"/> Motte's work with Jonathan Swift was complicated and risky; one, ''An Epistle to a Lady'', brought about Motte's arrest in 1734.<ref name="DNB"/> In 1726, ] sent Motte a copy of '']'', to be printed anonymously.<ref>Ehrenpreis p. 494</ref> Motte took great care to protect the identity of the author and employed five publishing houses to speed production of the book and avoid pirating.<ref>Clive Probyn, "Swift, Jonathan (1667–1745)", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''. Oxford University Press 2004</ref> In 1727, Motte formed his first direct contract with Swift and ] to publish their ''Miscellanies''.<ref name="Ehrenpreis p. 739"/> As part of the contract, Motte paid Tooke for the original copyright to the work.<ref name="Ehrenpreis p. 739"/> Motte's work with Jonathan Swift was complicated and risky; one, ''An Epistle to a Lady'', brought about Motte's arrest in 1734.<ref name="DNB"/>


], as was his habit, claimed that he had the rights to some of Swift's miscellanies. Curll had obtained the works illegitimately and had published them to spite Swift, and he used the controversy with Motte to attempt to generate publicity.<ref>Ehrenpreis p. 742</ref> Although Curll was unwilling to do anything about the reproduction, Pope turned from Motte as his publisher for a fourth edition of the ''Miscellanies'' over a payment dispute and other publication-related complaints.<ref name="Ehrenpreis p. 743">Ehrenpreis p. 743</ref> Pope finally bought out his contract with Motte for twenty-five pounds.<ref>Ehrenpreis p. 744</ref> ], as was his habit, claimed that he had the rights to some of Swift's miscellanies. Curll had obtained the works illegitimately and had published them to spite Swift, and he used the controversy with Motte to attempt to generate publicity.<ref>Ehrenpreis p. 742</ref> Although Curll was unwilling to do anything about the reproduction, Pope turned from Motte as his publisher for a fourth edition of the ''Miscellanies'' over a payment dispute and other publication-related complaints.<ref name="Ehrenpreis p. 743">Ehrenpreis p. 743</ref> Pope finally bought out his contract with Motte for twenty-five pounds.<ref>Ehrenpreis p. 744</ref>


Near the end of his life, in 1735, Motte sued the printer ] of ] over Faulkner's importing into Britain of Swift's ''Works''. In ], Motte claimed that that many of the works reproduced were under copyright held by Motte from the purchase of the original copyright for many of Swift's writings from Tooke and from a contract directly with Swift to publish ''Gulliver's Travels''. The London courts upheld Motte's claim and ordered that Faulkner's edition of Swift's ''Works'' to be kept from importation into England. Near the end of his life, in 1735, Motte sued the printer ] of ] over Faulkner's importing into Britain of Swift's ''Works''. In ], Motte claimed that many of the works reproduced were under copyright held by Motte from the purchase of the original copyright for many of Swift's writings from Tooke and from a contract directly with Swift to publish ''Gulliver's Travels''. The London courts upheld Motte's claim and ordered that Faulkner's edition of Swift's ''Works'' to be kept from importation into England.


==Publications== ==Publications==
Although Motte is most known for his production of Jonathan Swift's ''Gulliver's Travels'', he produced other great works. Many of these works were published on his own, but he did work with many other printers including Samuel Ballard, Charles Bathurst, ], William Mears, James Round, George Strahan, and ].<ref>Lynch</ref> Although Motte is most known for his production of Jonathan Swift's ''Gulliver's Travels'', he produced other great works. Many of these works were published on his own, but he did work with many other printers including Samuel Ballard, Charles Bathurst, ], William Mears, James Round, George Strahan, and ].<ref>Lynch</ref>


{{col-start}} {{col-start}}
{{col-break}} {{col-break}}
English Works published by Motte: English Works published by Motte:
* ]'s ''Works'' * ]'s ''Works''
* ]'s '']'' * ]'s '']''
* ]'s ''Works'' * ]'s ''Works''
* William Giffard's ''Cases in midwifry'' (1734) * William Giffard's ''Cases in midwifry'' (1734)
* Alexander Pope's "Verses on Gulliver" * Alexander Pope's "Verses on Gulliver"
* ] - ''A Voyage to the Islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S. Christophers and Jamaica'' * ] – ''A Voyage to the Islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S. Christophers and Jamaica''
* Jonathan Swift's '']'' * Jonathan Swift's '']''
* Jonathan Swift and Alexander Pope's ''Miscellanies in Prose and Verse'' (1727, 1728, 1732) * Jonathan Swift and Alexander Pope's ''Miscellanies in Prose and Verse'' (1727, 1728, 1732)
Line 35: Line 38:


Works published by Motte and other publishers: Works published by Motte and other publishers:
* ] ''Works'' translation - Mears and Strahan * ] ''Works'' translation – Mears and Strahan
* ]'s ''Don Sebastian'' - Strahan * ]'s '']'' – Strahan
* ]'s ''Comedies'' Lintot and Strahan * ]'s ''Comedies'' Lintot and Strahan
* ]'s ''Venice Preserv'd'' - Strahan * ]'s ''Venice Preserv'd'' – Strahan
* Thomas Otway's ''Works'' - Lintot, Strahan, and Tonson * Thomas Otway's ''Works'' – Lintot, Strahan, and Tonson
* J. Saunders Saunders ''The compleat fisherman'' (1724) - Mears and S. Tooke * J. Saunders Saunders ''The compleat fisherman'' (1724) – Mears and S. Tooke
* Jonathan Swift's ''A Complete Collection of Genteel and Ingenious Conversation'' (1738) - Bathurst * Jonathan Swift's ''A Complete Collection of Genteel and Ingenious Conversation'' (1738) – Bathurst
* William Willymott's ''English examples to Lily’s grammar-rules, for children’s Latin exercises'' (1727) - Round * William Willymott's ''English examples to Lily's grammar-rules, for children's Latin exercises'' (1727) – Round
{{col-end}} {{col-end}}


Line 50: Line 53:
* ]'s ''Works'' * ]'s ''Works''
* ]'s '']'' * ]'s '']''
* ]'s ''Works'' * ]'s ''Works''
* ]'s '']'' (as ''The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy...'', 1729) * ]'s '']'' (as ''The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy...'', 1729)
* ]'s ''Rules and Examples of Perspective Proper for Painters and Architects'' (1707) * ]'s ''Rules and Examples of Perspective Proper for Painters and Architects'' (1707)
Line 58: Line 61:
{{col-break}} {{col-break}}
English translations published by Motte and other publishers: English translations published by Motte and other publishers:
* ]'s ''Colloquia'' - Strahan * ]'s ''Colloquia'' – Strahan
* ]'s ''Works'' - Ballard and Mears * ]'s ''Works'' – Ballard and Mears
* ] - ''The Whole Duty of Man, According to the Law of Nature'' (1735) - trans. Andrew Tooke. R. Gosling and J. Pemberton * ] – ''The Whole Duty of Man, According to the Law of Nature'' (1735) – trans. ], R. Gosling and J. Pemberton
* ]'s ''Works'' - Ballard * ]'s ''Works'' – Ballard
* ]'s '']'' - Lintot, Strahan, and Tonson * ]'s '']'' – Lintot, Strahan, and Tonson
* ]'s '']'' - Lintot * ]'s '']'' – Lintot
{{col-end}} {{col-end}}


Misc. contributions: Misc. contributions:
* Dan Brown's ''Oratio Dominica'' "The Lords Prayer in Above a Hundred Languages, Versions, and Characters." (1713) - Motte was typographer for the various languages of the ]. He also wrote the preface and signed it "B. M. Typogr. Lond." * Dan Brown's ''Oratio Dominica'' "The Lords Prayer in Above a Hundred Languages, Versions, and Characters." (1713) – Motte was typographer for the various languages of the ]. He also wrote the preface and signed it "B. M. Typogr. Lond."
* The Royal Society's ''The Philosophical Transactions From the Year 1700 (Where Mr Lowthorp Ends) to the Year 1720'' edited by Motte in 1721. * The Royal Society's ''The Philosophical Transactions From the Year 1700 (Where Mr Lowthorp Ends) to the Year 1720'' edited by Motte in 1721.


==Notable publications== ==Notable publications==
The 1728 ''The Last Volume'' of Swift and Pope's ''Miscellanies'' including Pope's ''Peri Bathous'' provoked many pamphlets to be produced against the books.<ref name="Ehrenpreis p. 743"/> The 1728 ''The Last Volume'' of Swift and Pope's ''Miscellanies'' including Pope's ''Peri Bathous'' provoked many pamphlets to be produced against the books.<ref name="Ehrenpreis p. 743"/>


Motte's edition of ]'s '']'' (1729) was translated by Andrew Motte (1696-1734), his brother a ] and very briefly the lecturer on ] at ].<ref name="Smet and Verelst p. 1">Smet and Verelst p. 1</ref><ref></ref> This was the first English edition and the first translated edition that included the ] found in the second Latin edition (1726).<ref name="Smet and Verelst p. 1"/> This edition was the most commonly taught version of Newton's ''Principia'' in English and was therefore considered the "authorized version".<ref>Swerdlow p. 349</ref> However, even when later revised by ] this edition was deemed "awkward" and "inaccurate" in some locations since it was based on the second Latin edition.<ref>Shapiro ''Principia'' review</ref> Motte's edition of ]'s '']'' (1729) was translated by Andrew Motte (1696–1734), his brother a mathematician and very briefly the lecturer on ] at ].<ref name="Smet and Verelst p. 1">Smet and Verelst p. 1</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Worms |first1=Laurence | title=Andrew Motte |last2=Baynton-Williams |first2=Ashley | work=British Map Engravers - A Supplement | date=17 October 2019 | url=https://britishmapengravers.net/entries/m-entries/andrew-motte/ | access-date=26 September 2024}}</ref> This was the first English edition and the first translated edition that included the ] found in the second Latin edition (1726).<ref name="Smet and Verelst p. 1"/> This edition was the most commonly taught version of Newton's ''Principia'' in English and was therefore considered the "authorized version".<ref>Swerdlow p. 349</ref> However, even when later revised by ] this edition was deemed "awkward" and "inaccurate" in some locations since it was based on the second Latin edition.<ref>Shapiro ''Principia'' review</ref>


Motte's edition of William Giffard's ''Cases in midwifry'' is the earliest published record of using ] during ].<ref>Radcliffe, Walter. ''Milestones in midwifery; And, the Secret Instrument'' Jeremy Norman Co. 1989</ref> Motte's edition of William Giffard's ''Cases in midwifry'' is the earliest published record of using ] during ].<ref>Radcliffe, Walter. ''Milestones in midwifery; And, the Secret Instrument'' Jeremy Norman Co. 1989</ref>
Line 81: Line 84:


==References== ==References==
*<cite id=refEhrenpreis>{{cite book| last =Ehrenpreis | first =Irvin | title =Jonathan Swift: Volume III | publisher =Harvard University Press, 1983 | date = | location = | isbn = }}</cite> *{{cite book| last =Ehrenpreis | first =Irvin |author-link=Irvin Ehrenpreis | title =Jonathan Swift: Volume III | publisher =Harvard University Press, 1983 |ref=refEhrenpreis}}
*<cite id=refSmet>{{cite journal| first=Rudolf | last=De Smet |coauthors=Karin Verelst | title =Newton's Scholium Generale: The Platonic and Stoic Legacy - Philo, Justus Lipsius and the Cambridge Platonists | journal =JHA | volume =xxxii (2001) |issue= | pages =pp. 1-29 | date = }}</cite> *{{cite journal |doi=10.1177/007327530103900101 |ref=refSmet|title=Newton's Scholium Generale: The Platonic and Stoic Legacy — Philo, Justus Lipsius and the Cambridge Platonists|journal=History of Science|volume=39|pages=1–30|year=2016|last1=De Smet|first1=Rudolf|last2=Verelst|first2=Karin|s2cid=141907610}}
*<cite id=refSwerdlow>{{cite journal| first=N. M. | last=Serdlow |coauthors= | title =The New Principia | journal =Hist. Sci | volume =xxxix (2001) |issue= | pages =pp. 349-355 | date = }}</cite> *{{cite journal |doi=10.1177/002182860103200405 |ref=refSwerdlow|title=Essay Review: The New ''Principia''|journal=Journal for the History of Astronomy|volume=32|issue=4|pages=349–356|year=2016|last1=Swerdlow|first1=N. M|s2cid=125629186}}
* May 03, 2008 * 3 May 2008
* Shapiro, Alan E. American Institute of Physics. May 03, 2008 * Shapiro, Alan E. American Institute of Physics. 3 May 2008
* Reprinted by Old and Sold's Antiques Digest May 03, 2008 * Reprinted by Old and Sold's Antiques Digest 3 May 2008


==External links== ==External links==
{{wikisource author}}
*{{worldcat id|lccn-n85-311600}}

{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Motte, Benjamin}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Motte, Benjamin}}

Latest revision as of 19:31, 26 September 2024

English publisher

Benjamin Motte (/mɒt/; November 1693 – 12 March 1738) was a London publisher and son of Benjamin Motte, Sr. Motte published many works and is well known for his publishing of Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels.

Background

Benjamin Motte was born in the parish of St Botolph (Aldersgate), London to Benjamin Motte Sr. and Anne Clarke. He was born in early November 1693 and baptised soon after on 14 November. Some of his first mentions are of his early publications and when he took over Benjamin Tooke's publishing business.

It was not under 7 February 1715 that Motte was free from his publishing patrimony, and he took off as a bookseller in 1719. Motte's place of business in Fleet Street (London) was located in Middle Temple Gate. This space was passed to Motte by his predecessor, Benjamin Tooke, and then passed to Motte's replacement, Charles Bathurst, in 1738 upon his death. Motte was then asked to become partners with the Tooke publishing firm after Benjamin Tooke's brother, Samuel Tooke, died in December 1724, and as he took the position, he became the only active member of the publishing firm. On 21 December 1725, Motte married Elizabeth, the daughter of Rev. Thomas Brian, and had two children.

Throughout his career, Motte had three apprentices: George Hall, Thomas Isborne, and Jonathan Russell. After taking over the Tooke publishing firm, he partnered with his brother, Charles, until 1731. Although he had no partner from 1731–1734, Motte took up his apprentice, Charles Bathurst, as his apprentice.

In 1726, Jonathan Swift sent Motte a copy of Gulliver's Travels, to be printed anonymously. Motte took great care to protect the identity of the author and employed five publishing houses to speed production of the book and avoid pirating. In 1727, Motte formed his first direct contract with Swift and Alexander Pope to publish their Miscellanies. As part of the contract, Motte paid Tooke for the original copyright to the work. Motte's work with Jonathan Swift was complicated and risky; one, An Epistle to a Lady, brought about Motte's arrest in 1734.

Edmund Curll, as was his habit, claimed that he had the rights to some of Swift's miscellanies. Curll had obtained the works illegitimately and had published them to spite Swift, and he used the controversy with Motte to attempt to generate publicity. Although Curll was unwilling to do anything about the reproduction, Pope turned from Motte as his publisher for a fourth edition of the Miscellanies over a payment dispute and other publication-related complaints. Pope finally bought out his contract with Motte for twenty-five pounds.

Near the end of his life, in 1735, Motte sued the printer George Faulkner of Dublin over Faulkner's importing into Britain of Swift's Works. In Motte v. Faulkner, Motte claimed that many of the works reproduced were under copyright held by Motte from the purchase of the original copyright for many of Swift's writings from Tooke and from a contract directly with Swift to publish Gulliver's Travels. The London courts upheld Motte's claim and ordered that Faulkner's edition of Swift's Works to be kept from importation into England.

Publications

Although Motte is most known for his production of Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels, he produced other great works. Many of these works were published on his own, but he did work with many other printers including Samuel Ballard, Charles Bathurst, Bernard Lintot, William Mears, James Round, George Strahan, and Jacob Tonson.

English Works published by Motte:


Works published by Motte and other publishers:

  • Abraham Cowley Works translation – Mears and Strahan
  • John Dryden's Don Sebastian – Strahan
  • George Farquhar's Comedies Lintot and Strahan
  • Thomas Otway's Venice Preserv'd – Strahan
  • Thomas Otway's Works – Lintot, Strahan, and Tonson
  • J. Saunders Saunders The compleat fisherman (1724) – Mears and S. Tooke
  • Jonathan Swift's A Complete Collection of Genteel and Ingenious Conversation (1738) – Bathurst
  • William Willymott's English examples to Lily's grammar-rules, for children's Latin exercises (1727) – Round

English translations published by Motte:

English translations published by Motte and other publishers:

Misc. contributions:

  • Dan Brown's Oratio Dominica "The Lords Prayer in Above a Hundred Languages, Versions, and Characters." (1713) – Motte was typographer for the various languages of the Lord's Prayer. He also wrote the preface and signed it "B. M. Typogr. Lond."
  • The Royal Society's The Philosophical Transactions From the Year 1700 (Where Mr Lowthorp Ends) to the Year 1720 edited by Motte in 1721.

Notable publications

The 1728 The Last Volume of Swift and Pope's Miscellanies including Pope's Peri Bathous provoked many pamphlets to be produced against the books.

Motte's edition of Isaac Newton's Principia (1729) was translated by Andrew Motte (1696–1734), his brother a mathematician and very briefly the lecturer on geometry at Gresham College. This was the first English edition and the first translated edition that included the Scholium Generale found in the second Latin edition (1726). This edition was the most commonly taught version of Newton's Principia in English and was therefore considered the "authorized version". However, even when later revised by Florian Cajori this edition was deemed "awkward" and "inaccurate" in some locations since it was based on the second Latin edition.

Motte's edition of William Giffard's Cases in midwifry is the earliest published record of using Chamberlen forceps during childbirth.

Notes

  1. ^ J. J. Caudle Dictionary of National Biography
  2. Ehrenpreis p. 1012
  3. ^ Ehrenpreis p. 739
  4. Fleet Street and the Press
  5. The Daily Post, London, Number 1635, 22 December 1724
  6. Book Trade Masters – Motte
  7. Ehrenpreis p. 494
  8. Clive Probyn, "Swift, Jonathan (1667–1745)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press 2004
  9. Ehrenpreis p. 742
  10. ^ Ehrenpreis p. 743
  11. Ehrenpreis p. 744
  12. Lynch
  13. ^ Smet and Verelst p. 1
  14. Worms, Laurence; Baynton-Williams, Ashley (17 October 2019). "Andrew Motte". British Map Engravers - A Supplement. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
  15. Swerdlow p. 349
  16. Shapiro Principia review
  17. Radcliffe, Walter. Milestones in midwifery; And, the Secret Instrument Jeremy Norman Co. 1989

References

External links

Categories: