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'''Shmuel ''' "'''Sam'''" '''Vaknin''' (born April 21, 1961) is an ]i writer.<ref name=cv>Vaknin, Sam. , samvak.tripod.com, accessed October 30, 2010.
*, CBC, accessed October 30, 2010.</ref> He is the author of ''Malignant Self Love: Narcissism Revisited'' (1999), was editor-in-chief of political news website ], and runs a private website about ] (NPD).<ref name=Rice>Race, Tim. , ''The New York Times'', July 29, 2002, p. 2. '''Shmuel ''' "'''Sam'''" '''Vaknin''' (born April 21, 1961) is an ] writer and professor of psychology.<ref>CIAPS Faculty https://ciaps.org/faculty/</ref><ref>CIAPS Letter of Re-appointment as full professor of psychology and management studies https://samvak.tripod.com/ciapsappointment.pdf</ref> He is the author of ''Malignant Self Love: Narcissism Revisited'' (1999), was the last editor-in-chief of the now-defunct political news website '']'', and runs a private website about ] (NPD).<ref name=Rice>{{cite news|first=Tim|last=Race|url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0E1EFD385C0C7A8EDDAE0894DA404482&pagewanted=2|title=New Economy; Like Narcissus, executives are smitten, and undone, by their own images|newspaper=]|date=July 29, 2002|page=2}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://globalpolitician.com/editors.asp|title=GP Editors|website=]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101109133658/http://www.globalpolitician.com/editors.asp |archive-date=November 9, 2010|accessdate=February 6, 2011}}</ref>

*For his position with the GP website, see {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101109133658/http://www.globalpolitician.com/editors.asp |date=2010-11-09 }}, Global Politicians, accessed February 6, 2011.
*For Vaknin's website, see .</ref> He has also postulated a theory on ] and time asymmetry.<ref>Vaknin S </ref> He has also postulated a theory on ] and ].<ref name="Time Asymmetry Re-Visited">{{cite journal|first=Sam|last=Vaknin|url=http://samvak.tripod.com/time.html|title=Chronon Field, Time Atoms, and Quantized Time: Time Asymmetry Re-Visited|journal=International Journal of Applied Sciences|publisher=IJAS Publications|location=London, England|volume=4|issue=9|date=September 2018|via=samvak.tripod.com}}</ref>


==Background== ==Background==


=== Early life === === Early life ===
⚫ Vaknin was born in ], ], the eldest of five children born to ] immigrants. Vaknin's mother was from ], and his father, a construction worker, was from ]. He describes a difficult childhood, in which he writes that his parents "were ill-equipped to deal with normal children, let alone the gifted".<ref name="st">{{cite news|first=Yvonne|last=Roberts|url=http://women.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/women/relationships/articles2439812.ece|title=The monster in the mirror|newspaper=]|publisher=]|location=London, England|date=September 16, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615170145/http://women.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/women/relationships/article2439812.ece|archive-date=June 15, 2011}}</ref>


⚫ Vaknin was born in ], ], the eldest of five children born to ] immigrants. Vaknin's mother was from ], and his father, a construction worker, was from ]. He describes a difficult childhood, in which he writes that his parents "were ill-equipped to deal with normal children, let alone the gifted".<ref name="st">{{cite news|first=Yvonne|last=Roberts|url=http://women.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/women/relationships/articles2439812.ece|title=The monster in the mirror|newspaper=]|date=September 16, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615170145/http://women.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/women/relationships/article2439812.ece|archive-date=June 15, 2011}}</ref>
He left home to serve in the ] from 1979 to 1982 in training and education units. Between 1980 and 1983 he founded a chain of computerized information kiosks in ], and in 1982 worked for the ] in ], ], and ]. It was in the mid-1980s that he became aware of difficulties in his relationship with his fiancée, and that he had mood swings. In 1985 he sought help from a psychiatrist, who diagnosed him with narcissistic personality disorder (]). Vaknin did not accept the diagnosis at the time. From 1986 to 1987 he was the general manager of IPE Ltd. in London. He moved back to Israel, where he became director of an Israeli investment firm, Mikbatz Teshua.<ref name=Rice/> He was also president of the Israeli chapter of the ].<ref name=cv/>

He left home to serve in the ] from 1979 to 1982 in training and education units. Between 1980 and 1983 he founded a chain of computerized information kiosks in ], and in 1982 worked for the ] in ], ], and ].

In the mid-1980s, he became aware of difficulties in his relationship with his fiancée, and that he had mood swings. In 1985 he sought help from a psychiatrist, who diagnosed him with ]. Vaknin did not accept the diagnosis.

From 1986 to 1987, he was the general manager of IPE Ltd. in London. He moved back to Israel, where he became director of an Israeli investment firm, Mikbatz Teshua.<ref name=Rice/> He was also president of the Israeli chapter of the ].<ref>Curriculum Vitae http://samvak.tripod.com/cv.html</ref>


=== Arrest and imprisonment === === Arrest and imprisonment ===
In Israel in 1995 he was found guilty on three counts of ] along with two other men, Nissim Avioz and Dov Landau. He was sentenced to 18 months' imprisonment and fined 50,000 ]s (about $14,000), while the company was fined 100,000 shekels.<ref>{{cite news|first=Jose|last=Rosenfeld|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/jpost/access/62540612.html?dids=62540612:62540612&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jul+27%2C+1995&author=Jose+Rosenfeld&pub=Jerusalem+Post&edition=&startpage=08&desc=BUSINESS+BRIEFS|title=Business Briefs|newspaper=]|date=July 27, 1995}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Evelyn|last=Gordon|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/jpost/access/62554192.html?dids=62554192:62554192&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jun+14%2C+1996&author=EVELYN+GORDON&pub=Jerusalem+Post&edition=&startpage=NOPGCIT&desc=Supreme+Court+rejects+appeal+of+three+stock+manipulators|title=Supreme Court rejects appeal of three stock manipulators|newspaper=The Jerusalem Post|date=June 14, 1996}}</ref> In 1996, as a condition of parole, he agreed to a mental health evaluation, which noted various ]s. According to Vaknin, "I was borderline ], but the most dominant was NPD," and on this occasion he accepted the diagnosis, because, he wrote, "it was a relief to know what I had."<ref name=ft>Tempany, Adrian. , ''Financial Times'', September 4, 2010.</ref> In Israel, in 1995, he was found guilty on three counts of ] along with two other men, Nissim Avioz and Dov Landau. He was sentenced to 18 months' imprisonment and fined 50,000 ] (about $14,000), while the company was fined 100,000 shekels.<ref>{{cite news|first= Jose|last= Rosenfeld |url= https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/jpost/access/62540612.html |title=Business Briefs|newspaper=]|date=July 27, 1995}}{{dead link|date=July 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first= Evelyn |last=Gordon|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/jpost/access/62554192.html |title= Supreme Court rejects appeal of three stock manipulators |newspaper=The Jerusalem Post |date=June 14, 1996}}{{dead link|date=July 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> In 1996, as a condition of parole, he agreed to a mental health evaluation, which noted various ]s. According to Vaknin: "I was ], ], but the most dominant was NPD," and on this occasion he accepted the diagnosis, because, he wrote, "it was a relief to know what I had."<ref name= ft>{{cite news|first=Adrian|last=Tempany|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/5ff67be2-b636-11df-a784-00144feabdc0.html|title=When narcissism becomes pathological|newspaper=]|date=September 4, 2010}}</ref>


=== Later life === === Later life ===
Vaknin moved to ], ], where he married Macedonian Lidija Rangelovska. They set up Narcissus Publications in 1997, which publishes Vaknin's work.<ref name=pub>Vaknin, Sam. , samvak.tripod.com, accessed October 30, 2010.</ref> Between 2001 and 2003, Vaknin was a Senior Business Correspondent for United Press International.<ref name=cv/><ref name=upi>Vaknin, Sam , Accessed October 30, 2010</ref> He has also written for '']'' about political issues in the Balkans,<ref name=cer>Central Europe Review. Accessed October 30, 2010</ref> as well as for the '']''.<ref name=cv/><ref>Vaknin, Sam, , Accessed October 30, 2010.</ref> Until a few weeks before the September 2002 Macedonian election, he served as an adviser to Macedonia's Ministry of Finance. He writes regularly for other publications, such as the International Analyst Network,<ref></ref> and the online ''American Chronicle''.<ref></ref> Vaknin moved to ], ] (now North Macedonia), where he married Macedonian Lidija Rangelovska. They set up Narcissus Publications in 1997, which publishes Vaknin's work.<ref name=pub>Vaknin, Sam. , samvak.tripod.com, accessed October 30, 2010.</ref> Between 2001 and 2003, Vaknin was a Senior Business Correspondent for ].<ref>UPI Sam Vaknin Author Archive https://www.upi.com/search?ss=%22SAM+VAKNIN%22</ref><ref name=upi>{{cite web|first=Sam|last=Vaknin|url=http://www.upi.com/view.cfm?StoryID=20021004-022749-5949r|title=Commentary: The morality of Child labor|agency=]|date=October 4, 2002|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050315085214/http://www.upi.com/view.cfm?StoryID=20021004-022749-5949r|archive-date=March 15, 2005|accessdate=October 30, 2010}}</ref> He has also written for '']'' about political issues in the Balkans,<ref name=cer>{{cite web|website=Central Europe Review|title=Author Archive: Articles by Sam Vaknin|url=https://www.pecina.cz/files/www.ce-review.org/authorarchives/vaknin_archive/vaknin_main.html|accessdate=December 22, 2020}}</ref> as well as for the '']''.<ref>{{cite magazine|first=Sam|last=Vaknin|url=http://metimes.com/2K3/issue2003-15/opin/axis_of_oil.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030430012121/http://metimes.com/2K3/issue2003-15/opin/axis_of_oil.htm|archive-date=April 30, 2003|title=The 'axis of oil'|magazine=]|date=April 3, 2003|accessdate=October 30, 2010}}</ref> Until a few weeks before the September 2002 Macedonian election, he served as an adviser to Macedonia's Ministry of Finance. He writes regularly for other publications, such as the International Analyst Network,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.analyst-network.com/profile.php?user_id=79|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111028231058/http://www.analyst-network.com/profile.php?user_id=79|url-status=dead|archive-date=2011-10-28|title=Profiles: Dr. Sam Vaknin|website=International Analyst Network|accessdate=April 6, 2024}}</ref> ''Brussels Morning'',<ref>{{cite web|url=https://brusselsmorning.com/author/sam-vaknin/|title=Author Archive: Sam Vaknin|website=Brussels Morning|accessdate=April 6, 2024}}</ref> and the online ''American Chronicle''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.americanchronicle.com/authors/view/941|title=Sam Vaknin, Ph.D.|date=February 26, 2013|website=American Chronicle|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130227015619/http://www.americanchronicle.com/authors/view/941|archive-date=February 27, 2013}}</ref>


Vaknin is visiting professor at ] in ], ] in 2017-2022 <ref></ref> holding a course of lectures there on ] in psychology.<ref></ref> He is also a professor of finance and a professor of psychology in the Centre for International Advanced and Professional Studies (CIAPS) in Nigeria. <ref></ref> Vaknin was a visiting professor at ] in ], ] in 2017–22<ref>{{cite web|url=http://samvak.tripod.com/sfuprof.pdf|title=Letter of Appointment Southern Federal University|website=samvak.tripod.com|accessdate=April 6, 2024|language=Russian}}</ref> holding a course of lectures there on ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://app.sfedu.ru/node/927|title=Southern Federal University website|accessdate=April 6, 2024|language=Russian}}</ref> He is also a professor of management and a professor of psychology in the Commonwealth Institute of Advanced and Professional Studies (CIAPS) in Nigeria, Canada and the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ciaps.org/faculty/sam-vaknin/|title=CIAPS faculty: Sam Vaknin|website=ciaps.org|accessdate=April 6, 2024}}</ref> He is a visiting professor of psychology and economics in South East European University in North Macedonia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.seeu.edu.mk/en/information/news-events?id=2789|title=Prof. Sam Vaknin is appointed to lecture as a visiting professor at SEEU|website=www.seeu.edu.mk|accessdate=September 27, 2024}}</ref>


Vaknin served as a founding member of the Steering Committee for the Advancement of Healthcare in the ] between 2009-2011. <ref>ECDC Mission Report https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/media/en/publications/Publications/1001_MIR_Public_consultation_advancement_health_system_FYROM.pdf</ref> Vaknin is a member of the Board of Advisors of CFACT ]. <ref>CFACT Board of Advisors https://www.cfact.org/about/#directors</ref>
⚫ ==Writing and interviews==


⚫ ==Writing and interviews==
=== Work on chronons and time asymmetry === === Work on chronons and time asymmetry ===
A model of quantised time was proposed by Vaknin in his 1982 Ph.D. dissertation, titled "Time Asymmetry Revisited".<ref>California Miramar University, available on Microfiche in UMI and from the Library of Congress http://lccn.loc.gov/85133690</ref> The dissertation was published by ]. The dissertation submitted postulates the existence of a particle (]). In the proposed theory, time is the result of the interaction of chronons, very much as other forces in nature are the result of other particle interactions. Vaknin postulates the existence of various time ] (up, down, colors, etc.) whose properties cancel each other and thus the arrow of time is derived (time asymmetry). The postulated particle (chronon) is not only an ideal clock, but also mediates time itself (analogous to the relationship between the ] and mass). In other words, what we call "time" is the interaction between chronons in a field. Chronons exchange between them a particle and thereby exert a force. "Events" are perturbations in the Time Field and they are distinct from chronon interactions. Chronon interactions (particle exchanges) in the Time Field generate "time" and "time asymmetry" as we observe them.<ref>California Miramar University, available on Microfiche in UMI and from the Library of Congress http://lccn.loc.gov/85133690</ref><ref>Vaknin S </ref> A model of quantised time was proposed by Vaknin in his 1982 Ph.D. dissertation, titled "Time Asymmetry Revisited".<ref name="pwu">Pacific Western University, available on Microfiche in UMI and from the Library of Congress http://lccn.loc.gov/85133690</ref> The dissertation was published by ]. The dissertation submitted postulates the existence of a particle (]). In the proposed theory, time is the result of the interaction of chronons, very much as other forces in nature are the result of other particle interactions. Vaknin postulates the existence of various time ] (up, down, colors, etc.) whose properties cancel each other and thus the arrow of time is derived (time asymmetry). The postulated particle (chronon) is not only an ideal clock, but also mediates time itself (analogous to the relationship between the ] and mass). In other words, what we call "time" is the interaction between chronons in a field. Chronons exchange between them a particle and thereby exert a force. "Events" are perturbations in the Time Field and they are distinct from chronon interactions. Chronon interactions (particle exchanges) in the Time Field generate "time" and "time asymmetry" as we observe them.<ref name="Time Asymmetry Re-Visited"/><ref name="pwu"/><ref>Journal of Physics: Conference Series Electro-gravity via geometric chronon field https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/845/1/012019/meta</ref><ref>Cornell University ArXiv.org Physics Electro-gravity via Geometric Chronon Field and on the Origin of Mass https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.05244</ref>


===Views on narcissism=== ===Views on narcissism===
Vaknin has a prolific online presence, writing on ] and ].<ref></ref> His views have been solicited by the media.<ref name=st/><ref>{{cite news |url= http://edition.cnn.com/2011/SHOWBIZ/TV/02/01/life.after.reality.tv/ |title=Reality bites after the lights go out |author=Lisa Respers France|date=February 2, 2011|work=CNN|accessdate=6 February 2011}}</ref> Vaknin has a prolific online presence, writing on ] and ].<ref></ref> His views have been solicited by the media.<ref name=st/><ref>{{cite news |url= http://edition.cnn.com/2011/SHOWBIZ/TV/02/01/life.after.reality.tv/ |title=Reality bites after the lights go out |first=Lisa Respers|last=France|date=February 2, 2011|work=]|access-date=6 February 2011}}</ref>

In his view, narcissists have lost their "]", the core of their personality, which has been replaced by ], a "]". Therefore, he believes, they cannot be healed, because they do not exist as real persons, only as reflections: "The False Self replaces the narcissist's True Self and is intended to shield him from hurt and ] by self-imputing ]… The narcissist pretends that his False Self is real and demands that others affirm this ]."<ref>{{cite web|first=Sam|last=Vaknin|url=http://samvak.tripod.com/faq48.html|title=The Dual Role of the Narcissist's False Self|website=samvak.tripod.com|accessdate=April 6, 2024}}</ref>

⚫ Vaknin extends the concept of ] and introduces concepts such as primary and secondary narcissistic supply.<ref>Vaknin, Sam </ref> He distinguishes between ] and ] narcissists; the former generate their narcissistic supply by applying their minds, the latter their bodies. He considers himself a cerebral narcissist.<ref>Vaknin, Sam </ref> He calls narcissistic ]s "inverted narcissists."<ref>Vaknin, Sam </ref> " provide the narcissist with an obsequious, unthreatening audience… the perfect backdrop."<ref>{{cite book|first=Simon|last=Crompton|title=All About Me: Loving a Narcissist|publisher=]|location=London, England|date=2007|isbn= 9780007585977 |page=31}}</ref> He observes that narcissists possess "cold empathy" (cognitive and reflexive).<ref>Vaknin, Sam </ref>


Vaknin suggests that narcissists and their intimate partners regard each other as introjected, idealized maternal figures ("snapshotting"<ref>Vaknin, Sam </ref>) in a shared fantasy and attempt to re-enact early childhood dynamics in their relationships, in what he dubs a "dual mothership".<ref>Vaknin, Sam </ref> He postulated the existence of a type of narcissistic borderline he dubbed covert borderline.<ref>Vaknin, Sam </ref> He believes that disproportionate numbers of pathological narcissists are at work in the most influential reaches of society, such as medicine, finance and politics<ref name=ft/> as a manifestation of growing ].<ref>Collective Narcissism: Narcissism, Culture, and Society https://web.archive.org/web/20021014112738/http://samvak.tripod.com/14.html</ref>
⚫ In his view, narcissists have lost their "]", the core of their personality, which has been replaced by ], a "]". Therefore, he believes, they cannot be healed, because they do not exist as real persons, only as reflections: "The False Self replaces the narcissist's True Self and is intended to shield him from hurt and ] by self-imputing ] ... The narcissist pretends that his False Self is real and demands that others affirm this confabulation,"<ref>Vaknin S </ref> meanwhile keeping his real-life imperfect true self under wraps.<ref>http://samvak.tripod.com/faq48.html</ref> Vaknin extends the concept of ], and introduces concepts such as primary and secondary narcissistic supply.<ref>Vaknin, Sam </ref> He distinguishes between ] and ] narcissists; the former generate their narcissistic supply by applying their minds, the latter their bodies. He considers himself a cerebral narcissist.<ref>Vaknin, Sam </ref> He calls narcissistic ]s "inverted narcissists."<ref>Vaknin, Sam </ref> " provide the narcissist with an obsequious, unthreatening audience...the perfect backdrop."<ref>Crompton, Simon. ''All About Me: Loving a Narcissist''. HarperCollins, 2007) p. 31.</ref> He believes that disproportionate numbers of pathological narcissists are at work in the most influential reaches of society, such as medicine, finance and politics.<ref name=ft/>


Vaknin developed a new treatment modality for narcissism and depression, dubbed "Cold Therapy".<ref></ref> It is based on recasting pathological ] as a form of ] (Complex Post-traumatic Stress Disorder) and arrested development which result in an ] with a dysfunctional ]. The therapy uses re-traumatization and a form of ].<ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref> Vaknin developed a new treatment modality for narcissism and depression, dubbed "Cold Therapy".<ref>, condensed and translated from German.</ref> It is based on recasting pathological ] as a form of ] (Complex Post-traumatic Stress Disorder) and arrested development, which result in an ] with a dysfunctional ]. The therapy uses re-traumatization and a form of ].<ref></ref><ref>{{cite journal|first=Sam|last=Vaknin|url=http://www.opastonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/cold-therapy-and-narcissistic-disorders-of-the-self-jcrc-18.pdf|title=Cold Therapy and Narcissistic Disorders of the Self|journal=Journal of Clinical Review & Case Reports|date=6 August 2018}}</ref><ref></ref>


===Film appearances=== ===Film appearances===
In 2007, Vaknin appeared in the episode "]" of the British Channel 4 documentary series ''Mania''. In 2007, Vaknin appeared in the episode "]" of the British Channel 4 documentary series ''Mania''.


In 2009, he was the subject of an Australian documentary film, ''I, Psychopath'', directed by Ian Walker. In the film, Vaknin underwent a psychological evaluation in which he met the criteria for psychopathy according to the ], but did not meet the criteria for narcissism.<ref>Woolaston, Sam , ''The Guardian'', February 6, 2007. In 2009, he was the subject of an Australian documentary film, ''I, Psychopath'', directed by Ian Walker. In the movie, Vaknin underwent a psychological evaluation in which he met the criteria for psychopathy according to the ], but did not meet the criteria for narcissism.<ref>Woolaston, Sam , ''The Guardian'', February 6, 2007.
*, CBC, May 25, 2009.</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/brain-scan-20100325-qxqf.html |title=Brain scan |first=Conrad|last=Walters|work=] |date=March 25, 2010 |accessdate=23 April 2011}}</ref> *, CBC, May 25, 2009.</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/brain-scan-20100325-qxqf.html |title=Brain scan |first=Conrad|last=Walters|work= ] |date=March 25, 2010 |access-date=23 April 2011}}</ref>


In 2016, Vaknin appeared in the documentary "How Narcissists Took Over the World" produced by ].<ref> ''Vice Media'' 12 Sep 2016</ref> In 2016, Vaknin appeared in the documentary ''How Narcissists Took Over the World'' produced by ].<ref> ''Vice Media'' 12 September 2016</ref>


In 2019, Vaknin appeared in the online documentary "Plugged-in: The True Toxicity of Social Media Revealed" produced by ].<ref></ref> In 2019, Vaknin appeared in the online documentary ''Plugged-in: The True Toxicity of Social Media Revealed'' produced by ].<ref></ref>


==Selected publications== ==Selected publications==
* ''Requesting my Loved One'' (Bakasha me-Isha Ahuva) published by Yedioth Aharonot Miskal, Tel-Aviv, 1997<ref>http://lccn.loc.gov/97826249</ref> * ''Requesting my Loved One'' (Bakasha me-Isha Ahuva) published by Yedioth Aharonot Miskal, Tel-Aviv, 1997<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://lccn.loc.gov/97826249|lccn = 97826249|isbn = 9789654483414|title = Baḳashah me-ishah ahuvah|series = Prozah|year = 1997|last1 = ואקנין|first1 = שמואל}}</ref>
* (with ]) ''Macedonian Economy on a Crossroads''. Skopje, NIP Noval Literatura, 1998. {{ISBN|9989-610-01-0}}<ref>] - </ref> * (with ]) ''Macedonian Economy on a Crossroads''. Skopje, NIP Noval Literatura, 1998. {{ISBN|9989-610-01-0}}<ref>] - </ref>
*''Malignant Self Love: Narcissism Revisited''. Narcissus Publications, Prague, 1999. {{ISBN|978-80-238-3384-3}} *''Malignant Self Love: Narcissism Revisited''. Narcissus Publications, Prague, 1999. {{ISBN|978-80-238-3384-3}}
*''After the Rain: How the West Lost the East''. Narcissus Publications, in association with Central Europe Review/CEENMI, 2000. {{ISBN|80-238-5173-X}}<ref name=atr> Accessed October 30, 2010</ref> *''After the Rain: How the West Lost the East''. Narcissus Publications, in association with Central Europe Review/CEENMI, 2000. {{ISBN|80-238-5173-X}}<ref name=atr> Accessed December 22, 2020</ref>


==See also== ==See also==
* ]
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ]


==References== ==References==
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==External links== ==External links==
*{{Gutenberg author|id=2702}} *{{Gutenberg author|id=2702}}
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Latest revision as of 09:26, 27 September 2024

Israeli writer of fiction and non-fiction, also on narcissistic personality disorder
Sam Vaknin
Vaknin in 2019
BornShmuel Vaknin
April 21, 1961 (1961-04-21) (age 63)
Kiryat Yam, Israel
OccupationWriter
Known forSelf-help material on narcissistic personality disorder. Work on chronons.
SpouseLidija Rangelovska
Websitesamvak.tripod.com

Shmuel "Sam" Vaknin (born April 21, 1961) is an Israeli writer and professor of psychology. He is the author of Malignant Self Love: Narcissism Revisited (1999), was the last editor-in-chief of the now-defunct political news website Global Politician, and runs a private website about narcissistic personality disorder (NPD).

He has also postulated a theory on chronons and time asymmetry.

Background

Early life

Vaknin was born in Kiryat Yam, Israel, the eldest of five children born to Sephardi Jewish immigrants. Vaknin's mother was from Turkey, and his father, a construction worker, was from Morocco. He describes a difficult childhood, in which he writes that his parents "were ill-equipped to deal with normal children, let alone the gifted".

He left home to serve in the Israel Defense Forces from 1979 to 1982 in training and education units. Between 1980 and 1983 he founded a chain of computerized information kiosks in Tel Aviv, and in 1982 worked for the Nessim D. Gaon Group in Geneva, Paris, and New York City.

In the mid-1980s, he became aware of difficulties in his relationship with his fiancée, and that he had mood swings. In 1985 he sought help from a psychiatrist, who diagnosed him with narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). Vaknin did not accept the diagnosis.

From 1986 to 1987, he was the general manager of IPE Ltd. in London. He moved back to Israel, where he became director of an Israeli investment firm, Mikbatz Teshua. He was also president of the Israeli chapter of the Unification Church's Professors for World Peace Academy.

Arrest and imprisonment

In Israel, in 1995, he was found guilty on three counts of securities fraud along with two other men, Nissim Avioz and Dov Landau. He was sentenced to 18 months' imprisonment and fined 50,000 shekels (about $14,000), while the company was fined 100,000 shekels. In 1996, as a condition of parole, he agreed to a mental health evaluation, which noted various personality disorders. According to Vaknin: "I was borderline, schizoid, but the most dominant was NPD," and on this occasion he accepted the diagnosis, because, he wrote, "it was a relief to know what I had."

Later life

Vaknin moved to Skopje, Republic of Macedonia (now North Macedonia), where he married Macedonian Lidija Rangelovska. They set up Narcissus Publications in 1997, which publishes Vaknin's work. Between 2001 and 2003, Vaknin was a Senior Business Correspondent for United Press International. He has also written for Central Europe Review about political issues in the Balkans, as well as for the Middle East Times. Until a few weeks before the September 2002 Macedonian election, he served as an adviser to Macedonia's Ministry of Finance. He writes regularly for other publications, such as the International Analyst Network, Brussels Morning, and the online American Chronicle.

Vaknin was a visiting professor at Southern Federal University in Rostov Oblast, Russia in 2017–22 holding a course of lectures there on personality theory. He is also a professor of management and a professor of psychology in the Commonwealth Institute of Advanced and Professional Studies (CIAPS) in Nigeria, Canada and the United Kingdom. He is a visiting professor of psychology and economics in South East European University in North Macedonia.

Vaknin served as a founding member of the Steering Committee for the Advancement of Healthcare in the Republic of North Macedonia between 2009-2011. Vaknin is a member of the Board of Advisors of CFACT Committee for a Constructive Tomorrow.

Writing and interviews

Work on chronons and time asymmetry

A model of quantised time was proposed by Vaknin in his 1982 Ph.D. dissertation, titled "Time Asymmetry Revisited". The dissertation was published by Pacific Western University (California). The dissertation submitted postulates the existence of a particle (chronon). In the proposed theory, time is the result of the interaction of chronons, very much as other forces in nature are the result of other particle interactions. Vaknin postulates the existence of various time quarks (up, down, colors, etc.) whose properties cancel each other and thus the arrow of time is derived (time asymmetry). The postulated particle (chronon) is not only an ideal clock, but also mediates time itself (analogous to the relationship between the Higgs boson and mass). In other words, what we call "time" is the interaction between chronons in a field. Chronons exchange between them a particle and thereby exert a force. "Events" are perturbations in the Time Field and they are distinct from chronon interactions. Chronon interactions (particle exchanges) in the Time Field generate "time" and "time asymmetry" as we observe them.

Views on narcissism

Vaknin has a prolific online presence, writing on narcissism and psychopathy. His views have been solicited by the media.

In his view, narcissists have lost their "true self", the core of their personality, which has been replaced by delusions of grandeur, a "false self". Therefore, he believes, they cannot be healed, because they do not exist as real persons, only as reflections: "The False Self replaces the narcissist's True Self and is intended to shield him from hurt and narcissistic injury by self-imputing omnipotence… The narcissist pretends that his False Self is real and demands that others affirm this confabulation."

Vaknin extends the concept of narcissistic supply and introduces concepts such as primary and secondary narcissistic supply. He distinguishes between cerebral and somatic narcissists; the former generate their narcissistic supply by applying their minds, the latter their bodies. He considers himself a cerebral narcissist. He calls narcissistic co-dependents "inverted narcissists." " provide the narcissist with an obsequious, unthreatening audience… the perfect backdrop." He observes that narcissists possess "cold empathy" (cognitive and reflexive).

Vaknin suggests that narcissists and their intimate partners regard each other as introjected, idealized maternal figures ("snapshotting") in a shared fantasy and attempt to re-enact early childhood dynamics in their relationships, in what he dubs a "dual mothership". He postulated the existence of a type of narcissistic borderline he dubbed covert borderline. He believes that disproportionate numbers of pathological narcissists are at work in the most influential reaches of society, such as medicine, finance and politics as a manifestation of growing collective narcissism.

Vaknin developed a new treatment modality for narcissism and depression, dubbed "Cold Therapy". It is based on recasting pathological narcissism as a form of CPTSD (Complex Post-traumatic Stress Disorder) and arrested development, which result in an addictive personality with a dysfunctional attachment style. The therapy uses re-traumatization and a form of reframing.

Film appearances

In 2007, Vaknin appeared in the episode "Egomania" of the British Channel 4 documentary series Mania.

In 2009, he was the subject of an Australian documentary film, I, Psychopath, directed by Ian Walker. In the movie, Vaknin underwent a psychological evaluation in which he met the criteria for psychopathy according to the Hare Psychopathy Checklist, but did not meet the criteria for narcissism.

In 2016, Vaknin appeared in the documentary How Narcissists Took Over the World produced by Vice Media.

In 2019, Vaknin appeared in the online documentary Plugged-in: The True Toxicity of Social Media Revealed produced by Richard Grannon.

Selected publications

  • Requesting my Loved One (Bakasha me-Isha Ahuva) published by Yedioth Aharonot Miskal, Tel-Aviv, 1997
  • (with Nikola Gruevski) Macedonian Economy on a Crossroads. Skopje, NIP Noval Literatura, 1998. ISBN 9989-610-01-0
  • Malignant Self Love: Narcissism Revisited. Narcissus Publications, Prague, 1999. ISBN 978-80-238-3384-3
  • After the Rain: How the West Lost the East. Narcissus Publications, in association with Central Europe Review/CEENMI, 2000. ISBN 80-238-5173-X

See also

References

  1. CIAPS Faculty https://ciaps.org/faculty/
  2. CIAPS Letter of Re-appointment as full professor of psychology and management studies https://samvak.tripod.com/ciapsappointment.pdf
  3. ^ Race, Tim (July 29, 2002). "New Economy; Like Narcissus, executives are smitten, and undone, by their own images". The New York Times. p. 2.
  4. "GP Editors". Global Politician. Archived from the original on November 9, 2010. Retrieved February 6, 2011.
  5. ^ Vaknin, Sam (September 2018). "Chronon Field, Time Atoms, and Quantized Time: Time Asymmetry Re-Visited". International Journal of Applied Sciences. 4 (9). London, England: IJAS Publications – via samvak.tripod.com.
  6. ^ Roberts, Yvonne (September 16, 2007). "The monster in the mirror". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on June 15, 2011.
  7. Curriculum Vitae http://samvak.tripod.com/cv.html
  8. Rosenfeld, Jose (July 27, 1995). "Business Briefs". The Jerusalem Post.
  9. Gordon, Evelyn (June 14, 1996). "Supreme Court rejects appeal of three stock manipulators". The Jerusalem Post.
  10. ^ Tempany, Adrian (September 4, 2010). "When narcissism becomes pathological". Financial Times.
  11. Vaknin, Sam. "Malignant Self-love: Narcissism Revisited", samvak.tripod.com, accessed October 30, 2010.
  12. UPI Sam Vaknin Author Archive https://www.upi.com/search?ss=%22SAM+VAKNIN%22
  13. Vaknin, Sam (October 4, 2002). "Commentary: The morality of Child labor". United Press International. Archived from the original on March 15, 2005. Retrieved October 30, 2010.
  14. "Author Archive: Articles by Sam Vaknin". Central Europe Review. Retrieved December 22, 2020.
  15. Vaknin, Sam (April 3, 2003). "The 'axis of oil'". Middle East Times. Archived from the original on April 30, 2003. Retrieved October 30, 2010.
  16. "Profiles: Dr. Sam Vaknin". International Analyst Network. Archived from the original on 2011-10-28. Retrieved April 6, 2024.
  17. "Author Archive: Sam Vaknin". Brussels Morning. Retrieved April 6, 2024.
  18. "Sam Vaknin, Ph.D." American Chronicle. February 26, 2013. Archived from the original on February 27, 2013.
  19. "Letter of Appointment Southern Federal University" (PDF). samvak.tripod.com (in Russian). Retrieved April 6, 2024.
  20. "Southern Federal University website" (in Russian). Retrieved April 6, 2024.
  21. "CIAPS faculty: Sam Vaknin". ciaps.org. Retrieved April 6, 2024.
  22. "Prof. Sam Vaknin is appointed to lecture as a visiting professor at SEEU". www.seeu.edu.mk. Retrieved September 27, 2024.
  23. ECDC Mission Report https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/media/en/publications/Publications/1001_MIR_Public_consultation_advancement_health_system_FYROM.pdf
  24. CFACT Board of Advisors https://www.cfact.org/about/#directors
  25. ^ Pacific Western University, available on Microfiche in UMI and from the Library of Congress http://lccn.loc.gov/85133690
  26. Journal of Physics: Conference Series Electro-gravity via geometric chronon field https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/845/1/012019/meta
  27. Cornell University ArXiv.org Physics Electro-gravity via Geometric Chronon Field and on the Origin of Mass https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.05244
  28. Sam Vaknin website
  29. France, Lisa Respers (February 2, 2011). "Reality bites after the lights go out". CNN. Retrieved 6 February 2011.
  30. Vaknin, Sam. "The Dual Role of the Narcissist's False Self". samvak.tripod.com. Retrieved April 6, 2024.
  31. Vaknin, Sam Narcissists, Narcissistic Supply and Sources of Supply
  32. Vaknin, Sam The Cerebral vs. the Somatic Narcissist
  33. Vaknin, Sam The Inverted Narcissist
  34. Crompton, Simon (2007). All About Me: Loving a Narcissist. London, England: HarperCollins UK. p. 31. ISBN 9780007585977.
  35. Vaknin, Sam Arrested Empathy: Instinctual, Emotional Cognitive, and Cold Empathy
  36. Vaknin, Sam Why Narcissist Snapshots YOU
  37. Vaknin, Sam How Narcissist Betrays You to Become Himself
  38. Vaknin, Sam Psychopathic, Covert Borderlines (Literature Review)
  39. Collective Narcissism: Narcissism, Culture, and Society https://web.archive.org/web/20021014112738/http://samvak.tripod.com/14.html
  40. "Cold Therapy, Warmly Recommended", condensed and translated from German.
  41. Narcissism: Treatment Modalities and Therapies
  42. Vaknin, Sam (6 August 2018). "Cold Therapy and Narcissistic Disorders of the Self" (PDF). Journal of Clinical Review & Case Reports.
  43. German language introduction to Cold Therapy
  44. Woolaston, Sam "Last night's TV", The Guardian, February 6, 2007.
  45. Walters, Conrad (March 25, 2010). "Brain scan". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 23 April 2011.
  46. How Narcissists Took Over the World Vice Media 12 September 2016
  47. Plugged-in: The True Toxicity of Social Media Revealed
  48. ואקנין, שמואל (1997). Baḳashah me-ishah ahuvah. Prozah. ISBN 9789654483414. LCCN 97826249.
  49. Project Gutenberg - books by Sam Vaknin
  50. Central Europe Review Accessed December 22, 2020

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