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⚫ "'''The Liberty Bell'''" (1893) is an ] composed by ].<ref name="dws">{{cite web|url=http://www.dws.org/sousa/works.htm|title=The Works of John Philip Sousa|access-date=29 September 2010|publisher=Dallas Wind Symphony|work=John Philip Sousa – American Conductor, Composer & Patriot|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101008215050/http://www.dws.org/sousa/works.htm|archive-date=8 October 2010}}</ref>

{{short description|American military march composed by John Philip Sousa}} {{short description|American military march composed by John Philip Sousa}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
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{{Listen|filename=Liberty bell march.ogg|title="The Liberty Bell"|description=Performance by The New York Military Band c. 1910|filename2=Sousa's "The Liberty Bell" - United States Marine Band (2017).mp3|title2="The Liberty Bell"|description2=Performance by the ] c. 2016}} {{Listen|filename=Liberty bell march.ogg|title="The Liberty Bell"|description=Performance by The New York Military Band c. 1910|filename2=Sousa's "The Liberty Bell" - United States Marine Band (2017).mp3|title2="The Liberty Bell"|description2=Performance by the ] c. 2016}}
</div> </div>

⚫ "'''The Liberty Bell'''" (1893) is an ] composed by ].<ref name="dws">{{cite web|url=http://www.dws.org/sousa/works.htm|title=The Works of John Philip Sousa|access-date=29 September 2010|publisher=Dallas Wind Symphony|work=John Philip Sousa – American Conductor, Composer & Patriot|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101008215050/http://www.dws.org/sousa/works.htm|archive-date=8 October 2010}}</ref>


== History == == History ==
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The ] has played "The Liberty Bell" march at five of the last seven ]: the 1993 inauguration of President ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vvl.lib.msu.edu/record.cfm?recordid=2345 |title=Michigan State University Libraries – Vincent Voice Library |publisher=Vvl.lib.msu.edu |date=20 January 1993 |access-date=26 May 2011}}</ref><ref name="CBS">, see 6:21–9:10, on ]</ref> the 2005 inauguration of President ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://setiathome.berkeley.edu/forum_thread.php?id=10950&nowrap=true |title=2005 |publisher=Setiathome.berkeley.edu |access-date=26 May 2011}}</ref> the 2009 and 2013 inaugurations of President ], and the 2017 inauguration of President ]. The ] has played "The Liberty Bell" march at five of the last seven ]: the 1993 inauguration of President ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vvl.lib.msu.edu/record.cfm?recordid=2345 |title=Michigan State University Libraries – Vincent Voice Library |publisher=Vvl.lib.msu.edu |date=20 January 1993 |access-date=26 May 2011}}</ref><ref name="CBS">, see 6:21–9:10, on ]</ref> the 2005 inauguration of President ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://setiathome.berkeley.edu/forum_thread.php?id=10950&nowrap=true |title=2005 |publisher=Setiathome.berkeley.edu |access-date=26 May 2011}}</ref> the 2009 and 2013 inaugurations of President ], and the 2017 inauguration of President ].


The ship's bell from the '']'', a World War II ], is housed at the ] and is used by ] in select performances of the march.<ref>{{cite news|title=John Philip Sousa: 10 Things You Don't Know About The Man Behind the Marches|url=https://www.uso.org/stories/2040-john-philip-sousa-10-things-you-don-t-know-about-the-man-behind-the-marches |date=20 August 2017| access-date=17 April 2019|work=USO.org|first=Jean-Marie|last=Bralley}}</ref> The ship's bell from the '']'', a World War II ], is housed at the ] and is used by ] in select performances of the march.<ref>{{cite news|title=John Philip Sousa: 10 Things You Don't Know About The Man Behind the Marches|url=https://www.uso.org/stories/2040-john-philip-sousa-10-things-you-don-t-know-about-the-man-behind-the-marches |date=20 August 2017| access-date=17 April 2019|work=USO.org|first=Jean-Marie|last=Bralley}}</ref>


"The Liberty Bell" is also the official march of the ] ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://my.tbaytel.net/tgroulx/marches.htm|title=CFAO 32-3 Regimental & Branch Marches of the Canadian Armed Forces by Timothy R. Groulx CD|work=]|access-date=9 July 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716184606/http://my.tbaytel.net/tgroulx/marches.htm|archive-date=16 July 2011}}</ref> "The Liberty Bell" is also the official march of the ] ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://my.tbaytel.net/tgroulx/marches.htm|title=CFAO 32-3 Regimental & Branch Marches of the Canadian Armed Forces by Timothy R. Groulx CD|work=]|access-date=9 July 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716184606/http://my.tbaytel.net/tgroulx/marches.htm|archive-date=16 July 2011}}</ref>


== Composition == == Composition ==
The march follows Sousa's "extended" ]: "HEAD (intro, 1st strain, 2nd strain), TRIO (trio A), interlude, Triumphal return (trio B + final trio)", which since the ''Liberty Bell'' has become a standard for military marches.<ref>], , ''The American Music Research Center Journal''; Boulder, CO Vol. 15, (Jan 1, 2005), 41-5e3. ()</ref> The trio uses ]s to symbolize the Liberty Bell ringing.
The march follows the standard form of AABBCDCDC.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newmontmilitaryband.org/2014music/LibertyBell.pdf|title=Liberty Bell March|publisher=John Church Company|date=2014|access-date=23 July 2016|work=parts for band, including the chimes part|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170402022224/http://www.newmontmilitaryband.org/2014music/LibertyBell.pdf|archive-date=2 April 2017}}</ref> The trio (sections C and D) uses tubular bells to symbolize the Liberty Bell ringing. The bells usually begin during the first breakstrain (section D), but some bands use them at the first trio (section C).


== Instrumentation == == Instrumentation ==
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== Use in ''Monty Python's Flying Circus'' == == Use in ''Monty Python's Flying Circus'' ==
The march is now often associated with the British TV comedy program '']'' (1969–74), which used the version performed by the ] as a signature tune.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=49c-_YOkmMU |title=Monty Python's Flying Circus – Main Theme |publisher=YouTube |date=16 December 2006 |access-date=26 May 2011}}</ref> The use of the melody by the British comedy troupe ] is ];{{Citation needed|reason=If one of the troupe members made this claim, that should be noted, even if it's not clear what he meant. Absent that, it's definitely not clear what it might mean to call the usage ironic. The link to the article on irony doesn't answer the question either. |date=January 2021}} the bouncy melody of the march may have appealed to the troupe. ], the only American member of the troupe, advocated using the theme. He has said the piece was chosen because the troupe thought it would not be associated with the program's content, and that the first bell strike and subsequent melody would give the impression of getting "straight down to business." A version of the march, performed by the ] and published in 1938, was used as the opening theme of the British TV comedy program '']'' (1969–1974). Cast member ], the only American member of the troupe, argued for the use of "The Liberty Bell" because it had fallen into the ] by that time and could thus be used without the need to pay ].<ref> Retrieved February 12, 2018</ref> He has said the piece was chosen because the troupe thought it would not be associated with the program's content, and that the first bell strike and subsequent melody would give the impression of getting "straight down to business."{{cn|date=July 2023}}


The Monty Python mode of presenting the tune was with a single strike of the bell, lifted from the third section and increased in volume, followed by a strain of each of the first two sections, followed by the famous stomping foot animation and a noticeably ] "splat" sound reminiscent of a ] (the first 13 episodes used a "]"). At the end of the film '']'', the entire march was played over the ]. The Monty Python mode of presenting the tune was with a single strike of the bell, lifted from the third section and increased in volume, followed by a strain of each of the first two sections, followed by the famous stomping foot animation and a noticeably ] "splat" sound reminiscent of a ] (the first 13 episodes used a "]"). At the end of the film '']'', the entire march was played over the ].

== Other uses ==
NASA played the march as wake-up calls for two ] missions: ] on January 12–18, 1986, and STS-63 on February 3–11, 1995.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://history.nasa.gov/wakeup%20calls.pdf|author=Fries, Colin|title=Chronology of Wakeup Calls|publisher=NASA|date=13 March 2015|access-date=October 20, 2023}}</ref>

] used the march as background music for their video ''How Not to Land an Orbital Rocket Booster'', a compilation of failed rocket landings to celebrate ].<ref>{{Cite web |title=SpaceX Bloopers Video: 'How NOT to Land an Orbital Rocket' |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/spacex-bloopers-video-how-not-to-land-an-orbital-rocket/4029153.html |access-date=2023-03-08 |website=VOA |date=14 September 2017 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Space Exploration Technologies |date=14 September 2017 |title=How Not to Land an Orbital Rocket Booster |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bvim4rsNHkQ |website=YouTube}}</ref>


== See also == == See also ==
* ] * ]
* ]
* "]" by ] * "]" by ]


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== External links == == External links ==
* – In ] format; from the maintained by David Lovrien, hosted by the ] * – In ] format; from the maintained by David Lovrien, hosted by the ]
* – In ] format; from the * () – In ] format; from the
* played by the Edison Grand Concert Band, from the ] * played by the Edison Grand Concert Band, from the ]
* for a piano arrangement, courtesy of the Mutopia Project * for a piano arrangement, courtesy of the Mutopia Project
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Latest revision as of 06:05, 10 October 2024

"The Liberty Bell" (1893) is an American military march composed by John Philip Sousa.

American military march composed by John Philip Sousa

"The Liberty Bell" Performance by The New York Military Band c. 1910
"The Liberty Bell" Performance by the United States Marine Band c. 2016
Problems playing these files? See media help.

History

"The Liberty Bell", at the time a new composition as yet untitled, was written for Sousa's unfinished operetta "The Devil's Deputy" before financing for the show fell through. Shortly afterwards, while attending the Columbian Exposition in Chicago, Sousa and his band manager George Hinton watched the spectacle "America", in which a backdrop depicting the Liberty Bell was lowered. Hinton suggested "The Liberty Bell" for the title of Sousa's unnamed march. Coincidentally, Sousa received a letter from his wife saying their son had marched in a parade in honor of the Liberty Bell. Sousa agreed, and he sold "The Liberty Bell" sheet music to the John Church Company for publication; the new march was an immediate success. The march is played as part of an exhibit in the Liberty Bell Center.

The United States Marine Band has played "The Liberty Bell" march at five of the last seven presidential inaugurations: the 1993 inauguration of President Bill Clinton, the 2005 inauguration of President George W. Bush, the 2009 and 2013 inaugurations of President Barack Obama, and the 2017 inauguration of President Donald Trump.

The ship's bell from the SS John Philip Sousa, a World War II Liberty ship, is housed at the Marine Barracks and is used by The President's Own in select performances of the march.

"The Liberty Bell" is also the official march of the Canadian Forces Public Affairs Branch.

Composition

The march follows Sousa's "extended" trio form: "HEAD (intro, 1st strain, 2nd strain), TRIO (trio A), interlude, Triumphal return (trio B + final trio)", which since the Liberty Bell has become a standard for military marches. The trio uses tubular bells to symbolize the Liberty Bell ringing.

Instrumentation

This is scored for 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 4 horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, cymbals, bass drum, snare drum, and strings.

Use in Monty Python's Flying Circus

A version of the march, performed by the Band of the Grenadier Guards and published in 1938, was used as the opening theme of the British TV comedy program Monty Python's Flying Circus (1969–1974). Cast member Terry Gilliam, the only American member of the troupe, argued for the use of "The Liberty Bell" because it had fallen into the public domain by that time and could thus be used without the need to pay royalties. He has said the piece was chosen because the troupe thought it would not be associated with the program's content, and that the first bell strike and subsequent melody would give the impression of getting "straight down to business."

The Monty Python mode of presenting the tune was with a single strike of the bell, lifted from the third section and increased in volume, followed by a strain of each of the first two sections, followed by the famous stomping foot animation and a noticeably flatulent "splat" sound reminiscent of a whoopee cushion (the first 13 episodes used a "raspberry"). At the end of the film Monty Python Live at the Hollywood Bowl, the entire march was played over the closing credits.

Other uses

NASA played the march as wake-up calls for two Space Shuttle missions: STS-61-C on January 12–18, 1986, and STS-63 on February 3–11, 1995.

SpaceX used the march as background music for their video How Not to Land an Orbital Rocket Booster, a compilation of failed rocket landings to celebrate their efforts in pioneering orbital launch vehicle reusability.

See also

References

  1. "The Works of John Philip Sousa". John Philip Sousa – American Conductor, Composer & Patriot. Dallas Wind Symphony. Archived from the original on 8 October 2010. Retrieved 29 September 2010.
  2. Baker, Rick (16 September 1994). "Liberty Bell March History". Skyways.lib.ks.us. Retrieved 26 May 2011.
  3. "Michigan State University Libraries – Vincent Voice Library". Vvl.lib.msu.edu. 20 January 1993. Retrieved 26 May 2011.
  4. Bill Clinton Presidential Inauguration 1993 (Part 1 of 3), see 6:21–9:10, on YouTube
  5. "2005". Setiathome.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 26 May 2011.
  6. Bralley, Jean-Marie (20 August 2017). "John Philip Sousa: 10 Things You Don't Know About The Man Behind the Marches". USO.org. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  7. "CFAO 32-3 Regimental & Branch Marches of the Canadian Armed Forces by Timothy R. Groulx CD". Thunder Bay Telephone. Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 9 July 2011.
  8. Jonathan Elkus, Defining the Sousa March: Its Formal and Stylistic Constants, The American Music Research Center Journal; Boulder, CO Vol. 15, (Jan 1, 2005), 41-5e3. (pdf file)
  9. Clark, Philip. "Monty Python: Sousa, two-sheds and musical subversions," The Guardian, Friday, July 11, 2014. Retrieved February 12, 2018
  10. Fries, Colin (13 March 2015). "Chronology of Wakeup Calls" (PDF). NASA. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  11. "SpaceX Bloopers Video: 'How NOT to Land an Orbital Rocket'". VOA. 14 September 2017. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  12. Space Exploration Technologies (14 September 2017). "How Not to Land an Orbital Rocket Booster". YouTube.

External links

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