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{{distinguish|text=] in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship}}
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'''Krosno Odrzańskie''' ({{lang-de|Krossen, or Crossen an der Oder}}) is a city in Western ] with 12,500 inhabitants (2002), situated in the ] (since 1999), previously part of ] (1975-1998). It is the capital of ]. (''Note:'' Do not confuse this with ] in the ].)
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Krosno Odrzańskie
| image_skyline = Krosno Odrzańskie - Fara Maryjna 1.jpg
| imagesize = 250px
| image_caption = Parish church
| image_shield = POL Krosno Odrzańskie COA.svg
| image_flag = POL Krosno Odrzańskie flag.svg
| pushpin_map = Poland
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_label = Krosno Odrzańskie
| subdivision_type = ]
| subdivision_name = {{POL}}
| subdivision_type1 = ]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Lubusz Voivodeship|name=Lubusz}}
| subdivision_type2 = ]
| subdivision_name2 = ]
| subdivision_type3 = ]
| subdivision_name3 = ]
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Marek Cebula
| established_title3 = Town rights
| established_date3 = before 1238
| elevation_min_m = 38
| elevation_max_m = 85
| area_total_km2 = 8.11
| population_as_of = 2019-06-30<ref>{{cite web |title=Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019. As of 30th June|url=https://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/population/population/population-size-and-structure-and-vital-statistics-in-poland-by-territorial-division-in-2019-as-of-30th-june,3,26.html|website=stat.gov.pl|publisher=Statistics Poland|date=2019-10-15|access-date=2020-03-25}}</ref>
| population_total = 11319
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone = ]
| utc_offset = +1
| timezone_DST = ]
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| coordinates = {{coord|52|2|N|15|6|E|region:PL|display=title,inline}}
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code = 66-600 to 66-603
| area_code = +48 68
| blank_name = ]
| blank_info = FKR
| website = {{URL|https://www.krosnoodrzanskie.pl/}}
}}
'''Krosno Odrzańskie''' {{IPAc-pl|'|k|r|o|s|n|o|-|o|'|d|ż|a|ń|s|k|J|e}} ({{langx|de|Crossen an der Oder}}) is a town in ] in western ], on the east bank of ] River, at the confluence with the ]. With 11,319 inhabitants (2019) it is the capital of ].


==History==
It was first mentioned as ''Crosno'' in 1005 and was chartered as a town in 1201. Due to its important strategic location the town played an important role in the protective system at the western borders of Poland during the 11th to 13th centuries. A stone castle was built by the ] in the 13th century. The duchess of Silesia ] took refuge in it during the Mongol attacks. The town changed hands several times, once it went as payment to Brandenburg soldiers.
]
The town was first mentioned as ''Crosno'' in 1005,<ref name=EB1911>{{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Crossen |volume=7 |pages=509–510}}</ref> when Duke ] of Poland had a fortress built here in the course of his armed conflict with Emperor ] and the West Slavic ] confederation. Due to its strategic location as a point of passage across the Oder,<ref name=EB1911/> it played an important role at the western border of the ] with the ] during the 11th to 13th centuries. As a result of the fragmentation of Poland, in 1163 Krosno was part of the ] ruled by ] of the ]. In 1201 it received its ] by Bolesław's son Duke ]. Henry erected a stone castle at Krosno, where he died in 1238 and where his widow, ], took refuge during the 1241 ]. When the Duchy of Wrocław was finally divided in 1251, the town became part of the newly created ] under ].


When the Silesian ] ] died in 1476, his widow ], daughter of ] ] ], inherited the territory of Crossen, while the area was part of ]n lien in 1482. Several claims ended when the emperor ] renounced all rights to Crossen in 1538, thereby finalising the Crossen district's belonging to Brandenburg. Since then the Brandenburg, later Brandenburg-Prussia and Prussia ] electors held the title, duke of Silesia and showed the black Silesian eagle along with other states belonging to Brandenburg. The town changed hands several times; once it was given as payment to soldiers of the ] margraves of ]. When the last Piast duke ] died without issue in 1476, his widow ], daughter of Elector ], inherited the territory of Krosno. The Brandenburg influence met with fierce opposition by Henry's cousin Duke ] of ], who devastated Krosno but in 1482 had to sign an agreement with Albert Achilles, who was able to retain the Krosno (''Crossen'') area. As a former part of the Duchy of Głogów it officially remained a ] of the ] until in 1538 King ], renounced all rights to ''Crossen'' in 1538, thereby finalizing the district's belonging to the ] region of the Brandenburg margraviate.


]
The emperors held on to further Silesian territory, also inherited by Brandenburg, until in 1742 that became part of Brandenburg-Prussia as well. The Crossen district was part of ] and Germany as (]) and remained so until 1945, when it was conquered by Soviet Union and handed to Poland.
With Brandenburg, Crossen became part of the ] in 1701. In reforms after the ], the town became part of the ] in 1815 and was the seat of Landkreis Crossen as part of ]. As a result of the ], it became part of the ] in 1871. In May 1886 the town was devastated by a whirlwind.<ref name=EB1911/>


In 1945 during ], the town was conquered by the Soviet ]. After Germany's defeat in the war, the town once again became part of Poland. Already in March 1945 the town was claimed by the Polish state, with the assignment of the town being switched back and forth between Western Pomerania and Lower Silesia several times. On May 2, a group of Polish communists from ] arrived to assume administration of the town. The situation complicated when another group with 66 members arrived, who likewise intended to rule the town. By June 1945, conflicts between these groups had been resolved.<ref>{{cite book|title=Polens Wilder Westen: erzwungene Migration und die kulturelle Aneignung des Oderraums, 1945-1948|first=Beata|last=Halicka|publisher=Ferdinand Schöningh|year= 2016|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7chLvgAACAAJ|isbn=9783506786531|access-date=2023-08-15|page=180}}</ref> The adjective ''Odrzańskie'' after the ] river, upon which the town is situated, was added for distinction from other settlements of the same name in Poland, most notably the town of ].
Today, Krosno Odrzańskie is the capital of the Krośnieński district.


From 1975 to 1998, it was administratively located in the ].
==Famous People ==

*] (1699-1753) painter and architect
==Demographics==
*] (1704-1782), theater director
{{Historical populations|align=left|cols=2|1843|7133|1871|7431|1880|6746|1890|6657|1900|7369|1910|7595|1925|7364|1950|3421|1960|6611|2010|11881
*] (1881-1969), author
|source=<ref>{{cite book|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Dokumentacja Geograficzna|volume=3/4|year=1967|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=Instytut Geografii ]|page=23}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|url=https://stat.gov.pl/cps/rde/xbcr/gus/PUBL_l_ludnosc_stan_struktura_31_12_2010.pdf|title=Stan i struktura ludności oraz ruch naturalny w przekroju terytorialnym w 2010 r.|year=2011|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=Główny Urząd Statystyczny|page=60|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111113152513/https://stat.gov.pl/cps/rde/xbcr/gus/PUBL_l_ludnosc_stan_struktura_31_12_2010.pdf|archive-date=13 November 2011}}</ref>}}
*] (1890-1976), former president of court
{{clear|left}}
*] ps.Klabund (1890-1928), author

*] - ]
==Notable people==
*] - Olympic ]r
*] (1699–1753) German painter and architect
*] (1723–1799), Prussian field marshal
*] (1778–1797), German actress
*] (1849–1922), German anthropologist, archaeologist, philogian, and Mesoamerica scholar
*] (1881–1969), German author
*] ps. Klabund (1890–1928), German author
*] aka ''Kongo-Müller'' (1920–1983), German mercenary
*] (born 1978), canoe racer, Olympic medallist
*] (born 1982), footballer

==Twin towns – sister cities==
See ].

==References==
{{reflist}}


==External links== ==External links==
*
* *
* on Virtual Shtetl
*
]

{{Lubusz-geo-stub}}


{{Krosno Odrzańskie County}}
{{coor title dm|52|03|N|15|05|E|region:PL_type:city}}
{{Gmina Krosno Odrzańskie}}


{{Authority control}}
]
]


]
]
] ]
]
]
]
]

Latest revision as of 06:49, 21 October 2024

Not to be confused with Krosno in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship.

Place in Lubusz Voivodeship, Poland
Krosno Odrzańskie
Parish churchParish church
Flag of Krosno OdrzańskieFlagCoat of arms of Krosno OdrzańskieCoat of arms
Krosno Odrzańskie is located in PolandKrosno OdrzańskieKrosno Odrzańskie
Coordinates: 52°2′N 15°6′E / 52.033°N 15.100°E / 52.033; 15.100
Country Poland
Voivodeship Lubusz
CountyKrosno Odrzańskie
GminaKrosno Odrzańskie
Town rightsbefore 1238
Government
 • MayorMarek Cebula
Area
 • Total8.11 km (3.13 sq mi)
Highest elevation85 m (279 ft)
Lowest elevation38 m (125 ft)
Population
 • Total11,319
 • Density1,400/km (3,600/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code66-600 to 66-603
Area code+48 68
Car platesFKR
Websitewww.krosnoodrzanskie.pl

Krosno Odrzańskie (German: Crossen an der Oder) is a town in Lubusz Voivodeship in western Poland, on the east bank of Oder River, at the confluence with the Bóbr. With 11,319 inhabitants (2019) it is the capital of Krosno County.

History

Piast Castle

The town was first mentioned as Crosno in 1005, when Duke Bolesław I Chrobry of Poland had a fortress built here in the course of his armed conflict with Emperor Henry II and the West Slavic Veleti confederation. Due to its strategic location as a point of passage across the Oder, it played an important role at the western border of the Polish kingdom with the Holy Roman Empire during the 11th to 13th centuries. As a result of the fragmentation of Poland, in 1163 Krosno was part of the Duchy of Silesia ruled by Bolesław I the Tall of the Silesian Piasts. In 1201 it received its town charter by Bolesław's son Duke Henry I the Bearded. Henry erected a stone castle at Krosno, where he died in 1238 and where his widow, Hedwig of Andechs, took refuge during the 1241 first Mongol invasion of Poland. When the Duchy of Wrocław was finally divided in 1251, the town became part of the newly created Duchy of Głogów under Konrad I.

The town changed hands several times; once it was given as payment to soldiers of the Ascanian margraves of Brandenburg. When the last Piast duke Henry XI of Głogów died without issue in 1476, his widow Barbara of Brandenburg, daughter of Elector Albert Achilles of Brandenburg, inherited the territory of Krosno. The Brandenburg influence met with fierce opposition by Henry's cousin Duke Jan II the Mad of Żagań, who devastated Krosno but in 1482 had to sign an agreement with Albert Achilles, who was able to retain the Krosno (Crossen) area. As a former part of the Duchy of Głogów it officially remained a lien of the Bohemian kingdom until in 1538 King Ferdinand I of Habsburg, renounced all rights to Crossen in 1538, thereby finalizing the district's belonging to the Neumark region of the Brandenburg margraviate.

Postcard from 1918

With Brandenburg, Crossen became part of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701. In reforms after the Napoleonic Wars, the town became part of the Province of Brandenburg in 1815 and was the seat of Landkreis Crossen as part of Regierungsbezirk Frankfurt. As a result of the Unification of Germany, it became part of the German Empire in 1871. In May 1886 the town was devastated by a whirlwind.

In 1945 during World War II, the town was conquered by the Soviet Red Army. After Germany's defeat in the war, the town once again became part of Poland. Already in March 1945 the town was claimed by the Polish state, with the assignment of the town being switched back and forth between Western Pomerania and Lower Silesia several times. On May 2, a group of Polish communists from Poznań arrived to assume administration of the town. The situation complicated when another group with 66 members arrived, who likewise intended to rule the town. By June 1945, conflicts between these groups had been resolved. The adjective Odrzańskie after the Oder river, upon which the town is situated, was added for distinction from other settlements of the same name in Poland, most notably the town of Krosno.

From 1975 to 1998, it was administratively located in the Zielona Góra Voivodeship.

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
18437,133—    
18717,431+4.2%
18806,746−9.2%
18906,657−1.3%
19007,369+10.7%
YearPop.±%
19107,595+3.1%
19257,364−3.0%
19503,421−53.5%
19606,611+93.2%
201011,881+79.7%
Source:

Notable people

Twin towns – sister cities

See twin towns of Gmina Krosno Odrzańskie.

References

  1. "Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019. As of 30th June". stat.gov.pl. Statistics Poland. 15 October 2019. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
  2. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Crossen" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 509–510.
  3. Halicka, Beata (2016). Polens Wilder Westen: erzwungene Migration und die kulturelle Aneignung des Oderraums, 1945-1948. Ferdinand Schöningh. p. 180. ISBN 9783506786531. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
  4. Dokumentacja Geograficzna (in Polish). Vol. 3/4. Warszawa: Instytut Geografii Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 1967. p. 23.
  5. Stan i struktura ludności oraz ruch naturalny w przekroju terytorialnym w 2010 r. (PDF) (in Polish). Warszawa: Główny Urząd Statystyczny. 2011. p. 60. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2011.

External links

Krosno Odrzańskie County
Seat: Krosno Odrzańskie
Urban gmina Coat of arms of Krosno Odrzańskie County
Urban-rural gmina
Rural gminas
Gmina Krosno Odrzańskie
Town and seat
Villages
Categories: