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{{Infobox County Romania {{Short description|County of Romania}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Maramureș
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
|coa=Actual_Maramures_county_CoA.png
| name = Maramureș County
|map=Maramures in Romania.svg
|Historic region=Maramureș | native_name = Județul Maramureș
| native_name_lang = ro
|lDevelopment region=]
| settlement_type = ]
|capital= ]
| image_skyline = {{multiple image
|ind=MM
| border = infobox
|population=516,562
| total_width = 300
|population_footnotes=<ref></ref>
| image_style =
|population_rank=17th
| perrow = 2/3/3/1
|asof=2006
| image1 = Bârsana Monastery in 2023 April (cropped).jpg
|density=81
| image2 = Cimitirul Vesel, Săpânța, Maramureș - (2023) - IMG 07.jpg
|area=6,304
| image3 = BrebMM (88).JPG
|area_rank=15th
| image4 = Maramureș Village Museum & Maramureș Tradition (April 2023).jpg
|webc=http://www.cjmaramures.ro/
| image5 = Mănăstirea Piariștilor, Sighetu Marmației (2023) - IMG 05.jpg
|webp=http://www.prefectura.mmnet.ro/
| image6 = RO MM Budesti UNESCO site 29.jpg
|telpref=62}}
| image7 = IeudDealMM2012 (163).JPG
| image8 = Poienile IzeiMM (104).JPG
| image9 = Panorama Centrul Vechi.jpg
}}
| image_alt =
| image_caption = ''(From top to bottom and left to right)'' ], ], ], ], city centre of ], ], ], ], city centre of ]
| image_flag = Flag of Maramureș County.svg
| flag_alt =
| image_seal =
| seal_alt =
| image_shield = Coat of Arms of Maramureș County.svg
| shield_alt =
| nickname =
| motto =
| image_map = Maramures in Romania.svg
| map_alt = Administrative map of ] with Maramureș county highlighted
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates =
| coor_pinpoint =
| coordinates_footnotes =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = ]
| subdivision_type1 = Development region
| subdivision_name1 = ]
| subdivision_type2 = Historical region
| subdivision_name2 = ]
| established_title =
| established_date =
| founder =
| seat_type = Capital
| seat = ]
| government_footnotes =
| leader_party = ]
| leader_title = President of the County Board
| leader_name = Ionel Bogdan Ovidiu
| leader_title1 = Prefect
| leader_name1 = Rudolf Stauder
| unit_pref = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 6,304
| area_land_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
| area_water_percent =
| area_note =
| area_rank = ]
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
|population_total = {{Romania metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
|population_as_of = {{Romania metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
|population_footnotes = {{Romania metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_note =
| population_rank = ]
| timezone1 =
| utc_offset1 =
| timezone1_DST =
| utc_offset1_DST =
| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_code_type = ]
| area_code = (+40) 262 or (+40) 362<ref>The number used depends on the numbering system employed by the phone companies on the market.</ref>
| iso_code = RO-MM
| website = <br />
| footnotes =
| blank1_name = GDP (nominal)
| blank1_info = US$ 6.370&nbsp;billion (''2024'')
| blank2_name = GDP ]
| blank2_info = US$ 5,844 (''2015'')
}}


'''Maramureș''' ({{IPA-ro|maraˈmureʃ|-|Ro-Maramureș.ogg}}) is a county (]) of ], in the ] region. The county seat is ]. '''Maramureș County''' ({{IPA|ro|maraˈmureʃ|-|Ro-Maramureș.ogg}}) is a county (])
in ], in the ] region. The county seat is ].


] ]
] ({{langx|de|Frauenbach}}), the largest municipality and the county seat.]]


==Name== ==Name==
In ], it is known as ''Máramaros megye'', in ] as Мараморо́щина, and in ] as ''Kreis Marmarosch''. In ] it is known as ''Máramaros megye'', in ] as Мараморо́щина, in ] as ''Kreis Marmarosch'', and in ] as מאַרמאַראָש.

== History ==
Maramureș County as an administrative division within Romania was formed following the ]. During ], it was ] to Hungary, and after the war returned to Romania (''see ]'').

* The 10th century frontier county of Borsova was founded by ]. Since then ] served as the north-eastern border of the Hungarian Kingdom until 1920, the Trianon Peace Treaty.
* 11th century historical Maramureș counties separation from Borsova (Rom. ])
* 1241 Tartar invasion decimated about half of the local population
* 14th century Duke (]) ] of Maramureș said to be founder of Moldova
* In the Middle Ages, the historical region of Maramureș was known for its salt mines and later for its lumber
* In 1920 after the Treaty of Trianon, the northern part of the county became part of newly formed Czechoslovakia. The southern part (including Sighetu Marmației) became part of Romania.
* For more information regarding the history see ], referring the historical ] name of the county.

== Demographics ==
], the largest municipality and the county seat]]
In 2011, the county had a population of 461,290 and a ] of {{convert|73.17|PD/km2}}.

* ] - 82.38% (or 380,018)<ref>National Institute of Statistics, ''''</ref>
* ] - 7.53% (or 34,781)
* ] - 6.77% (or 31,234)
* ] - 2.73% (or 12,638)
* ] - 0.27% (or 1,243), and others.

In 1910, 18.4% of the county were Jewish.

{| class="wikitable"
! Year
! County population<ref>National Institute of Statistics, ''''</ref>
|-
| 1948
| 321,287
|-
| 1956
|{{increase}} 367,114
|-
| 1966
|{{increase}} 427,645
|-
| 1977
|{{increase}} 492,860
|-
| 1992
|{{increase}} 538,534
|-
| 2002
|{{decrease}} 510,110
|-
| 2011
|{{decrease}} 461,290
|}


== Geography == == Geography ==
Maramureș County is situated in the northern part of Romania, and has a border with ]. This county has a total area of {{convert|6304|km2}}, of which 43% is covered by the Rodna Mountains, with its tallest peak, Pietrosul, at {{convert|2303|m}} altitude. Together with Gutâi and Țibleș mountain ranges, the Rodna mountains are part of the ]. The rest of the county are hills, plateaus, and valleys. The county is crossed by ] and its main tributaries: Iza, Vișeu, and Mara rivers.

=== Neighbours ===


{{Romanian counties map}} {{Romanian counties map}}


Maramureș County is situated in the northern part of Romania, in the ] of ], and has a border with ]. This county has a total area of {{convert|6304|km2}}, of which 43% is covered by the ], with its tallest peak, {{ill|Pietrosul Peak|lt=Pietrosul|ro|Vârful Pietrosul Rodnei, Munții Rodnei}}, at {{convert|2303|m}} altitude.
* ] to the East.
* ] to the West.
* ] to the North - ] and ].
* ], ] and ] to the South.


Together with the ] and ] mountain ranges, the Rodna mountains are part of the ]. The rest of the county are hills, plateaus, and valleys. The county is crossed by ] and its main tributaries: the ], ], and ] rivers.
== Economy ==
Maramureș is known for its pastoral and agricultural traditions, largely unscathed by the ] campaign that had been carried on during Romania's communist period. Ploughing, planting, harvesting, and hay making and handling are mostly done through ].
The county is also home to a strong mining industry of extraction of metals other than iron. The industrial plants built around ] during the ] period heavily polluted the area in the past, but recently, due to the decline of the city's industrial activity, the area is less polluted.


== Tourism == === Neighbours ===
]
The region is known for its beautiful rural scenery, local small woodwork and craftwork industry as well as for its churches and original rural architecture. There are not many paved roads in rural areas, and most of them are usually accessible.


The neighbouring territorial units, both Romanian and foreign, to Maramureș County are listed below:
The county's main tourist attractions:


* ] to the east;
* The cities of ] and ].
* ] to the west;
* The villages on the Iza, Mara, and Vișeu Valleys.
* ] to the north – ] and ];
** The ]
* ], ], and ] to the south.
** The ]
** The ]
** The ]
* The Rodna Mountains.
* The landscape of ].


== Administrative divisions == == Administrative divisions ==

]
]
] ]
] ]
] ]

Maramureș County has 2 municipalities, 11 towns and 63 communes. Maramureș County has 2 municipalities, 11 towns and 63 communes.
*Municipalities *Municipalities
**] - county seat; population: 114,925 (as of 2011) **] - county seat; population: 114,925 (as of 2011)
**] **]
{{colbegin||20em}} {{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*Towns *Towns
**] **]
Line 127: Line 141:
**] **]
**] **]
{{colend}} {{div col end}}
{{colbegin||13em}}
*Communes *Communes
**] **]
Line 194: Line 207:
**] **]
**] **]
{{colend}}


==People== == Economy ==
Maramureș is known for its pastoral and agricultural traditions, largely unscathed by the ] campaign carried out during Romania's ]. Ploughing, planting, harvesting, and hay making and handling are mostly done through ]. The county is also home to a strong mining industry of extraction of metals other than iron. The industrial plants built around ] during the communist period heavily polluted the area in the past, but recently, due to the decline of the city's industrial activity, the area has become less polluted.

== Tourism ==
]
The region is known for its beautiful rural scenery, local small woodwork and craftwork industry as well as for its churches and original rural architecture. There are not many paved roads in the rural areas, but most of them are usually accessible.

The county's main tourist attractions are:
* The cities of ] and ].
* The villages on the ], ], and ] Valleys.
** The ]
** The wooden churches of {{ill|Lăpuș Country|ro|Țara Lăpușului}}
** The wooden churches of {{ill|Chioar Country|ro|Țara Chioarului}}
** The ]
* The ], the ], and the ].
* The landscape of ].
* The ] in Sighetu Marmației.

== Demographics ==

<div style="float:right">
{{Pie chart
|thumb=right
|caption=Ethnic composition of Maramureș County (2021)
|label1=]|value1=84.65|color1=#8080ff
|label2=] <small>(including ] and other ])</small>|value2=6.36|color2=#ffff80
|label3=]|value3=5.73|color3=#80ff80
|label4=]|value4=2.94|color4=#80ffff
|label5=] <small>(] and ])</small>|value5=0.14|color5=#ff80ff
|label6=Others|value6=0.19|color6=#9f9f9f}}
</div>

According to the ], the county had a population of 452,475 and the ] was {{Pop density|452475
|6304|km2|sqmi|prec=1}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.recensamantromania.ro/rezultate-rpl-2021/rezultate-definitive-caracteristici-etno-culturale-demografice/|title=Rezultate definitive: Caracteristici etno-culturale demografice|website=Recensamantromania.ro|access-date=28 July 2023}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
! Year
! County population<ref>National Institute of Statistics, '' {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060922081325/http://www.insse.ro/rpl2002rezgen/18.pdf |date=2006-09-22 }}''</ref>
|-
! 1948
| 321,287 {{steady}}
|-
! 1956
| 367,114 {{increase}}
|-
! 1966
| 427,645 {{increase}}
|-
! 1977
| 492,860 {{increase}}
|-
! 1992
| 538,534 {{increase}}
|-
! 2002
| 510,110 {{decrease}}
|-
! 2011
| 461,290 {{decrease}}
|-
! 2021
| 452,475 {{decrease}}
|}

== Politics ==
The Maramureș County Council, elected at the ], consists of 34 councillors, with the following party composition:<ref>{{Cite web|language=ro|url=https://prezenta.roaep.ro/locale27092020/data/json/sicpv/pv/pv_vs_final.json|format=Json|title=Rezultatele finale ale alegerilor locale din 2020|publisher=Autoritatea Electorală Permanentă|access-date=2020-11-02}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
! style="background:#ccc" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
! style="background:#ccc" | Party
! style="background:#ccc" | Seats
! style="background:#ccc" colspan="13" | Current County Council
|-
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| ] (PNL)
| style="text-align: right" | '''13'''
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
|-
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| ] (PSD)
| style="text-align: right" | '''10'''
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
|-
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}} &nbsp;
| ] (PMP)
| style="text-align: right" | '''5'''
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}} &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
|-
| {{party color cell|PRO Romania}} &nbsp;
| ] (PRO)
| style="text-align: right" | '''3'''
| {{party color cell|PRO Romania}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|PRO Romania}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|PRO Romania}} &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
|-
| {{party color cell|Save Romania Union}} &nbsp;
| ] (USR)
| style="text-align: right" | '''3'''
| {{party color cell|Save Romania Union}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Save Romania Union}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Save Romania Union}} &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
|}

==Historical county==
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Județul Maramureș
| other_name =
| settlement_type = County (''Județ'')
| image_skyline = File:Curtea Veche Sighet (6).JPG
| image_caption = The Maramureș County Prefect's building from the interwar period.
| image_flag =
| flag_link =
| image_shield = Interbelic Maramures County CoA.png
| shield_link =
| image_map = Romania 1930 county Maramures.png
| map_caption =
| subdivision_type = ]
| subdivision_name = ] ]
| subdivision_type2 = Historic region
| subdivision_name2 = ]
| subdivision_type3 = Capital city (''Reședință de județ'')
| subdivision_name3 = ]
| government_footnotes =
| government_type =
| leader_party =
| leader_title = ]
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 =
| leader_name1 =
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| established_title2 =
| established_date2 =
| area_total_km2 = 3381
| area_land_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
| area_water_percent =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_as_of = 1930
| population_footnotes =
| population_total = 194619
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_note =
| timezone = ]
| utc_offset = +2
| timezone_DST = ]
| utc_offset_DST = +3
| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_code =
| footnotes =
| website =
}}

===History===
{{Main|History of Maramureș}}

* In 1199, the region is first attested.
* In 1241 the Tatar invasion decimated about half of the local population.
* In the 14th century, Duke (]) ] of Maramureș crossed the Carpathians and founded the Principality of ]. In 1343, the ], led by a Romanian nobility, is established, and it lasts until 1402.
* In the Middle Ages, the historical region of Máramaros (]) was known for its salt mines and later for its lumber.

In 1920, under the ], the northern part of the county became part of newly-formed ], while the southern part (including ]) became part of the ].

After the administrative unification law in 1925, the county remained as it was, with an identical name and territory.

In 1938, ] ] promulgated a new ], and subsequently he had the administrative division of the Romanian territory changed. Ten {{lang|ro|]}} (approximate translation: "lands") were created (by merging the counties) to be ruled by {{lang|ro|rezidenți regali}} (approximate translation: "Royal Residents") – appointed directly by the king – instead of the ]. Maramureș County became part of ].

In August 1940, under the auspices of ], which imposed the ], the county was transferred back to ] with the rest of ]. In October 1944, Romanian forces with ] assistance recaptured the ceded territory and reintegrated it into Romania, re-establishing the county. Romanian jurisdiction over the county per the Treaty of Trianon was reaffirmed in the ]. The counties of Romania, including Maramureș, were disestablished by the ] of Romania in 1950 in favour of ], and re-established in 1968 when Romania restored the county administrative system.

===Administration===
]
In 1930, the county was originally divided into three districts ('']''):<ref name=Memoria></ref>
#Plasa Iza
#Plasa Sighet (headquartered at ])
#Plasa Vișeu (headquartered at ])

Subsequently, the Iza and Sighet districts were reorganized into three districts, adding one:
<ol start="4">
<li>Plasa Șugatag (headquartered at ])</li>
</ol>

=== Population ===
According to the 1930 census, the county's population was 194,619, 57.9% Romanian, 20.9% Jews, 11.9% Ruthenians (including Ukrainians), 6.9% Hungarians, 2.0% Germans, as well as other minorities.<ref name=Rec_1930_276>Recensământul general al populației României din 29 decemvrie 1930, Vol. II, pag. 276-277</ref> The following composition was recorded from the religious point of view: 64.4% Greek Catholic, 21.0% Jewish, 6.4% Roman Catholic, 5.3% Eastern Orthodox, 1.8% Reformed, as well as other minorities.<ref name=Rec_1930_276/>

==== Urban population ====
In 1930 the county's urban population ethnically consisted of 38.6% Jews, 35.4% Romanians, 19.9% Hungarians, 4.5% Ruthenians (including Ukrainians), as well as other minorities. Yiddish was spoken by 36.6% of the urban population, followed by Romanian (33.7%), Hungarian (25.7%), Ukrainian (2.3%), as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, the urban inhabitants were Jewish (38.9%), Greek Catholics (38.0%), Roman Catholics (12.8%), Reformed (5.7%), Eastern Orthodox (3.5%), as well as other minorities.<ref name=Rec_1930_276/>

== People ==
Natives of the county include: Natives of the county include:
*] *]
*] *]
*]
*] *]
*]


== References == == References ==
{{commonscat|Maramureș County}} {{Wikivoyage|Maramureș}}
{{Commons category|Maramureș County}}
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*


{{Maramureș County}} {{Maramureș County}}
{{Counties (judete) of Romania}} {{Counties (judete) of Romania}}
{{Authority control}}

{{coord|47|40|22|N|24|00|18|E|region:RO_type:adm1st_source:dewiki|display=title}} {{coord|47|40|22|N|24|00|18|E|region:RO_type:adm1st_source:dewiki|display=title}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Maramures County}} ]
]
] ]
] ]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]

Latest revision as of 15:46, 21 October 2024

County of Romania County in Nord-Vest, Romania
Maramureș County Județul Maramureș
County
(From top to bottom and left to right) Bârsana Monastery, Merry Cemetery, Breb, Maramureș Village Museum, city centre of Sighetu Marmației, Wooden Church of Budești Josani, Wooden Church of Ieud Deal, Wooden Church of Poienile Izei, city centre of Baia Mare
Flag of Maramureș CountyFlagCoat of arms of Maramureș CountyCoat of arms
Administrative map of Romania with Maramureș county highlighted
CountryRomania
Development regionNord-Vest
Historical regionMaramureș
CapitalBaia Mare
Government
 • President of the County BoardIonel Bogdan Ovidiu (EPP)
 • PrefectRudolf Stauder
Area
 • Total6,304 km (2,434 sq mi)
 • Rank15th
Population
 • Total452,475
 • Rank17th
 • Density72/km (190/sq mi)
Telephone code(+40) 262 or (+40) 362
ISO 3166 codeRO-MM
GDP (nominal)US$ 6.370 billion (2024)
GDP per capitaUS$ 5,844 (2015)
WebsiteCounty Council
Prefecture

Maramureș County (Romanian pronunciation: [maraˈmureʃ] ) is a county (județ) in Romania, in the Maramureș region. The county seat is Baia Mare.

Văleni, overlooking Valea Izei
The historical city centre of Baia Mare (German: Frauenbach), the largest municipality and the county seat.

Name

In Hungarian it is known as Máramaros megye, in Ukrainian as Мараморо́щина, in German as Kreis Marmarosch, and in Yiddish as מאַרמאַראָש.

Geography

Romanian Counties AB AR AG BC BH BN BT BV BR BZ CS CL CJ CT CV DB DJ GL GR GJ HR HD IL IS IF MM MH MS NT OT PH SM SJ SB SV TR TM TL VS VL VN B

Maramureș County is situated in the northern part of Romania, in the historical region of Transylvania, and has a border with Ukraine. This county has a total area of 6,304 square kilometres (2,434 sq mi), of which 43% is covered by the Rodna Mountains, with its tallest peak, Pietrosul [ro], at 2,303 metres (7,556 ft) altitude.

Together with the Gutâi and Țibleș mountain ranges, the Rodna mountains are part of the Eastern Carpathians. The rest of the county are hills, plateaus, and valleys. The county is crossed by Tisa River and its main tributaries: the Iza, Vișeu, and Mara rivers.

Neighbours

The neighbouring territorial units, both Romanian and foreign, to Maramureș County are listed below:

Administrative divisions

Sighetu Marmației
Borșa
Târgu Lăpuș
Vișeu de Sus

Maramureș County has 2 municipalities, 11 towns and 63 communes.

Economy

Maramureș is known for its pastoral and agricultural traditions, largely unscathed by the industrialisation campaign carried out during Romania's communist period. Ploughing, planting, harvesting, and hay making and handling are mostly done through manual labour. The county is also home to a strong mining industry of extraction of metals other than iron. The industrial plants built around Baia Mare during the communist period heavily polluted the area in the past, but recently, due to the decline of the city's industrial activity, the area has become less polluted.

Tourism

Typical Wooden Church in Maramureș

The region is known for its beautiful rural scenery, local small woodwork and craftwork industry as well as for its churches and original rural architecture. There are not many paved roads in the rural areas, but most of them are usually accessible.

The county's main tourist attractions are:

Demographics

Ethnic composition of Maramureș County (2021)

  Romanians (84.65%)  Ukrainians (including Hutsuls and other Rusyns) (6.36%)  Hungarians (5.73%)  Romani (2.94%)  Germans (Zipser Germans and Transylvanian Saxons) (0.14%)  Others (0.19%)

According to the 2021 census, the county had a population of 452,475 and the population density was 71.8/km (185.9/sq mi).

Year County population
1948 321,287 Steady
1956 367,114 Increase
1966 427,645 Increase
1977 492,860 Increase
1992 538,534 Increase
2002 510,110 Decrease
2011 461,290 Decrease
2021 452,475 Decrease

Politics

The Maramureș County Council, elected at the 2020 local elections, consists of 34 councillors, with the following party composition:

    Party Seats Current County Council
  National Liberal Party (PNL) 13                          
  Coalition for Maramureș (PSD) 10                          
  People's Movement Party (PMP) 5                          
  PRO Romania (PRO) 3                          
  Save Romania Union (USR) 3                          

Historical county

County in Romania
Județul Maramureș
County (Județ)
The Maramureș County Prefect's building from the interwar period.The Maramureș County Prefect's building from the interwar period.
Coat of arms of Județul MaramureșCoat of arms
Country Romania
Historic regionMaramureș
Capital city (Reședință de județ)Sighet
Area
 • Total3,381 km (1,305 sq mi)
Population
 • Total194,619
 • Density58/km (150/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)

History

Main article: History of Maramureș
  • In 1199, the region is first attested.
  • In 1241 the Tatar invasion decimated about half of the local population.
  • In the 14th century, Duke (knyaz) Bogdan of Maramureș crossed the Carpathians and founded the Principality of Moldavia. In 1343, the Voivodeship of Maramureș, led by a Romanian nobility, is established, and it lasts until 1402.
  • In the Middle Ages, the historical region of Máramaros (Maramureș) was known for its salt mines and later for its lumber.

In 1920, under the Treaty of Trianon, the northern part of the county became part of newly-formed Czechoslovakia, while the southern part (including Sighetu Marmației) became part of the Kingdom of Romania.

After the administrative unification law in 1925, the county remained as it was, with an identical name and territory.

In 1938, King Carol II promulgated a new Constitution, and subsequently he had the administrative division of the Romanian territory changed. Ten ținuturi (approximate translation: "lands") were created (by merging the counties) to be ruled by rezidenți regali (approximate translation: "Royal Residents") – appointed directly by the king – instead of the prefects. Maramureș County became part of Ținutul Crișuri.

In August 1940, under the auspices of Nazi Germany, which imposed the Second Vienna Award, the county was transferred back to Hungary with the rest of Northern Transylvania. In October 1944, Romanian forces with Soviet assistance recaptured the ceded territory and reintegrated it into Romania, re-establishing the county. Romanian jurisdiction over the county per the Treaty of Trianon was reaffirmed in the Paris Peace Treaties, 1947. The counties of Romania, including Maramureș, were disestablished by the communist government of Romania in 1950 in favour of regions, and re-established in 1968 when Romania restored the county administrative system.

Administration

Map of Maramureș County as constituted in 1938.

In 1930, the county was originally divided into three districts (plăși):

  1. Plasa Iza
  2. Plasa Sighet (headquartered at Sighet)
  3. Plasa Vișeu (headquartered at Vișeu de Sus)

Subsequently, the Iza and Sighet districts were reorganized into three districts, adding one:

  1. Plasa Șugatag (headquartered at Ocna Șugatag)

Population

According to the 1930 census, the county's population was 194,619, 57.9% Romanian, 20.9% Jews, 11.9% Ruthenians (including Ukrainians), 6.9% Hungarians, 2.0% Germans, as well as other minorities. The following composition was recorded from the religious point of view: 64.4% Greek Catholic, 21.0% Jewish, 6.4% Roman Catholic, 5.3% Eastern Orthodox, 1.8% Reformed, as well as other minorities.

Urban population

In 1930 the county's urban population ethnically consisted of 38.6% Jews, 35.4% Romanians, 19.9% Hungarians, 4.5% Ruthenians (including Ukrainians), as well as other minorities. Yiddish was spoken by 36.6% of the urban population, followed by Romanian (33.7%), Hungarian (25.7%), Ukrainian (2.3%), as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, the urban inhabitants were Jewish (38.9%), Greek Catholics (38.0%), Roman Catholics (12.8%), Reformed (5.7%), Eastern Orthodox (3.5%), as well as other minorities.

People

Natives of the county include:

References

  1. "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
  2. The number used depends on the numbering system employed by the phone companies on the market.
  3. "Rezultate definitive: Caracteristici etno-culturale demografice". Recensamantromania.ro. Retrieved 28 July 2023.
  4. National Institute of Statistics, "Populația la recensămintele din anii 1948, 1956, 1966, 1977, 1992 și 2002" Archived 2006-09-22 at the Wayback Machine
  5. "Rezultatele finale ale alegerilor locale din 2020" (Json) (in Romanian). Autoritatea Electorală Permanentă. Retrieved 2020-11-02.
  6. Portretul României Interbelice - Județul Maramureș
  7. ^ Recensământul general al populației României din 29 decemvrie 1930, Vol. II, pag. 276-277

External links

Maramureș County, Romania
Cities Coat of arms of Maramureș County
Towns
Communes
Counties (județe) of Romania

47°40′22″N 24°00′18″E / 47.67278°N 24.00500°E / 47.67278; 24.00500

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