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{{Copy edit|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox writer {{Infobox writer
| name = Maksym Rylsky<br>{{small|Максим Тадейович Рильський}} | name = Maksym Rylsky<br>{{small|Максим Тадейович Рильський}}
| image = File:Рильський М.gif | image = Maksym Rylskyiy.jpg
| imagesize = | imagesize =
| alt = | alt =
| caption = Rylsky in 1928
| caption = 1915, Gymnasium graduate<ref name=tsion>Tsion, V. ''. Zbruch. 19 March 2015</ref>
| pseudonym = | pseudonym =
| birth_name = Maksym Tadeyovych Rylsky | birth_name = Maksym Tadeyovych Rylsky
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1895|3|19}} | birth_date = {{Birth date|1895|3|19|df=y}}
| birth_place = ], ], ] | birth_place = ], ], ]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1964|7|24|1895|3|19|df=y}} | death_date = {{Death date and age|1964|7|24|1895|3|19|df=y}}
| death_place = Kyiv, ], ] | death_place = Kyiv, ], ]
| resting_place = ] | resting_place = ]
| occupation = ] | occupation = ]
| language = ] | nationality = ]
⚫ | ethnicity =
| nationality = ]
⚫ | citizenship = ]
⚫ | ethnicity =
⚫ | education =
⚫ | citizenship = ]
⚫ | alma_mater = ]
⚫ | education =
⚫ | period =
⚫ | alma_mater = ]
⚫ | genre = ], ]
⚫ | period =
| subject =
⚫ | genre = ], ]
| subject = | movement =
⚫ | notableworks = "Troyandy j vynohrad" (Roses and grapes)
| movement =
⚫ | spouse = Kateryna Mykolaivna Rylska<ref name=family>Strikha, M. ''''. "Nova Knyha".</ref>
⚫ | notableworks = "Troyandy j vynohrad" (Roses and vine)
⚫ | children = Bohdan Rylsky<ref name=family/>
⚫ | spouse = Kateryna Mykolaivna Rylska<ref name=family>Strikha, M. ''''. "Nova Knyha".</ref>
| influences =
⚫ | children = Bohdan Rylsky<ref name=family/>
| influences = | influenced =
⚫ | years_active = 1907–1964
| influenced =
⚫ | signature = Maksym Rylsky Signature.png
⚫ | years_active = 1907–1964
⚫ | awards = ]]
⚫ | signature = Maksym Rylsky Signature.png
⚫ | awards = ]]
}} }}
]|200px]] ]|200px]]
'''Maksym Tadeyovych Rylsky''' ({{lang-uk|Максим Тадейович Рильський}}; {{lang-ru|Максим Фадеевич Рыльский}}; {{OldStyleDate|19 March|1895|7 March}} in ] &ndash; 24 July 1964 ''id.'') was a ] poet, translator, academician, Doctor of Philological Sciences. '''Maksym Tadeyovych Rylsky''' ({{langx|uk|Максим Тадейович Рильський}}); {{OldStyleDate|19 March|1895|7 March}} in ] &ndash; 24 July 1964 ''id.'') was a ] poet, translator, academician, and doctor of philological sciences.


==Biography== ==Biography==
Rylsky was born in Kyiv in 1895 in a family of public activist, ethnographer, publicist, member of the "Kyiv Stara ]" (Old Community), ]. His early education, young Rylsky received at home. In 1908 he entered the 3rd grade of the Kyiv Private Gymnasium of ]. During his gymnasium period Rylsky befriended with families of ] and ]. In 1915-17 he studied at medical faculty of ], with creation of Ukrainian People's University in October 1917, Rylsky transferred to its history and philology faculty. Rylsky was born in Kyiv in 1895 to ] and Melania Fedorivna. His father was a public activist, ethnographer, publicist, and member of the "Kyiv Stara ]" (Old Community), while his mother was a peasant from the village of Romanivka, ]. Rylsky received his early education at home and later attended the 3rd grade of the Kyiv Private Gymnasium of ] in 1908. During his time in gymnasium, Rylsky became friends with the families of ] and ]. From 1915 to 1917, he studied at the medical faculty of ]. When the Ukrainian People's University was established in October 1917, Rylsky transferred to its history and philology faculty.


Due to the ], Rylsky left Kyiv in late 1917 and with his brother Ivan worked at food administration in the city of ], later worked as a rural teacher in villages nearby. In 1918 Bolshevik sympathizers in Romanivka drove Rylsky from his family house, robbed it, destroyed invaluable archive and library of his father.<ref name=tsion/> Due to the ], Rylsky left Kyiv in late 1917. He and his brother Ivan worked at the food administration in the city of ] and later as rural teachers in nearby villages. In 1918, Bolshevik sympathizers in Romanivka forced Rylsky to flee his family home, robbed it, and destroyed his father's invaluable archive and library.<ref name=tsion>Tsion, V. ''''. Zbruch. 19 March 2015</ref>


Rylsky returned to Kyiv only in 1923 where at first he was earning money as a teacher. Rylsky did not return to Kyiv until 1923, where he initially worked as a teacher.


==Works== ==Works==
He began writing poems early. His first poem was published in 1907 in a newspaper "Rada", his first collection "At white isles" ({{lang-uk|На білих островах}}) saw the world in 1910. Already in 1918 his poems "Tsarevna", "On the edge of the forest", collection "Beneath autumn stars" showed that period of internship and "voice sampling" has passed, and his 1922 collection "Blue distance" confirmed it for sure. Rylsky began writing poetry at a young age. His debut poem was published in 1907 in the newspaper "Rada", and his first collection, "At White Isles" ({{langx|uk|На білих островах}}), was released in 1910. By 1918, his poems "Tsarevna", and "On the Edge of the Forest", as well as his collection "Beneath Autumn Stars", demonstrated that his period of apprenticeship and "voice sampling" had passed. His 1922 collection, "Blue Distance", confirmed this.


The 1920s were marked by the poet's creative flourishing: his collections "Through storm and snow" (1925), "The 13th spring" (1926), "Where roads meet", "Hum and rumbling" (both 1929). In the last of those collections Rylsky arose also as a gifted translator of world poetry i.e. works of ], ], ], ], and others. The event of cultural and artistic life became a translation of "]" of ]. Throughout the 1920s, he continued to write numerous poems. During this time, Rylsky published several collections of poetry, including "Through Storm and Snow" (1925), "The 13th Spring" (1926), "Where Roads Meet", and "Hum and Rumbling" (both 1929). In the latter collection, Rylsky also demonstrated his skill as a translator of world poetry, including works by ], ], ], ], and others. One notable translation was of ]'s "]".


As a representative of the "pure art" doctrine, during the years when the Stalinists adopted the official doctrine of "socialist realism". In 1937 he was involved in rewriting the ] of ]'s ] ''],'' returning later to neo-classical forms. Maksym Rylsky is one of the most outstanding Ukrainian poets of the 20th century and master of the genres of the modern sonnet and the long narrative poem. He was closely associated with the Neoclassicist group of Ukrainian poets, who employed traditional poetic forms with rhyme and meter, wrote in a clear and accessible contemporary idiom, and often referenced Ancient Greek and Roman mythology as well as numerous other authors from world literature in their poetry. As a representative of the "pure art" doctrine, Maksym Rylsky was active during the years when the Stalinists adopted the official doctrine of "socialist realism". In 1937, he was involved in rewriting the ] of ]'s ] ''],'' and later returned to neo-classical forms. Rylsky is one of the most outstanding Ukrainian poets of the 20th century and a master of the modern sonnet and the long narrative poem. He was closely associated with the Neoclassicist group of Ukrainian poets. They employed traditional poetic forms with rhyme and meter, wrote in a clear and accessible contemporary idiom, and often referenced Ancient Greek and Roman mythology, as well as numerous other authors from world literature, in their poetry.


During the wartime period he wrote two masterful long poems that deviated from socialist realism—"Thirst" (1942) and "Journey to Youth" (1941-4), for which he was again publicly chastised. In 1942 he became Director of the Institute of Fine Arts, Folklore and Ethnography in Kyiv, a post that he held until his death in 1964. The Institute now bears his name. He published some 30 collections of original poetry during his lifetime as well as numerous translations and scholarly works. By 1974 almost five million copies of his works in the original or in translation had appeared in the USSR. During the wartime period, he wrote two masterful long poems that deviated from socialist realism: "Thirst" (1942) and "Journey to Youth" (1941-4), for which he was again publicly chastised. In 1942, he became the Director of the Institute of Fine Arts, Folklore, and Ethnography in Kyiv, a post he held until his death in 1964. The Institute now bears his name. He published about 30 collections of original poetry during his lifetime, as well as numerous translations and scholarly works. By 1974, almost five million copies of his works, in the original or in translation, had been published in the USSR.


Rylsky joined the Communist Party in 1943 and was a member of the ] in 1946. Rylsky became a member of the Communist Party in 1943 and was elected to the ] in 1946.

==Language skills and translation==

Rylsky was a translator with knowledge of 13 languages and the ability to translate from 30 languages. He specialized in translating from French, Polish and Russian.


==Awards== ==Awards==
===Prizes=== ===Prizes===
* ], 1960 – for his collections of poems "Daleki neboskhyly" (1959) and "Troyandy j vynohrad" (1957) * ], 1960 – for his collections of poems "Daleki neboskhyly" (1959) and "Troyandy j vynohrad" (1957)
* ], 1943 – for his collections of poems "Slovo pro ridnu matir", "Svitova zorya", "Svitla zbroya", "Mandrivka v molodist" * ], 1943 – for his collections of poems "Slovo pro ridnu matir", "Svitova zorya", "Svitla zbroya", "Mandrivka v molodist"
* ], 1950 – translation into Ukrainian a poem "]" by ] * Stalin Prize, 1950 – translation into Ukrainian of the poem "]" by ]


==See also== ==See also==
* ] * ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]


==References== ==References==
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==External links== ==External links==
* *
*Koshelivets, I. ''. ] *Koshelivets, I. ''''. ]
*Solovei, E. ''''. Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine. *Solovei, E. ''''. Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine.
*Hlibchuk, V. ''''. Halychyna. 21 January 2016 *Hlibchuk, V. ''''. Halychyna. 21 January 2016
{{commons}}

{{Authority control}} {{Authority control}}


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Latest revision as of 11:07, 25 October 2024

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Maksym Rylsky
Максим Тадейович Рильський
Rylsky in 1928Rylsky in 1928
BornMaksym Tadeyovych Rylsky
(1895-03-19)19 March 1895
Kyiv, Kyiv Governorate, Russian Empire
Died24 July 1964(1964-07-24) (aged 69)
Kyiv, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union
Resting placeBaikove Cemetery
OccupationPoet
NationalityUkrainian
CitizenshipSoviet Union
Alma materKyiv University
GenreNeoclassicism, Social realism
Years active1907–1964
Notable works"Troyandy j vynohrad" (Roses and grapes)
Notable awardsStalin prizeLenin Prize
SpouseKateryna Mykolaivna Rylska
ChildrenBohdan Rylsky
Signature
Ostoja coat of arms

Maksym Tadeyovych Rylsky (Ukrainian: Максим Тадейович Рильський); 19 March [O.S. 7 March] 1895 in Kyiv – 24 July 1964 id.) was a Ukrainian poet, translator, academician, and doctor of philological sciences.

Biography

Rylsky was born in Kyiv in 1895 to Tadei Rozeslavovych Rylsky and Melania Fedorivna. His father was a public activist, ethnographer, publicist, and member of the "Kyiv Stara Hromada" (Old Community), while his mother was a peasant from the village of Romanivka, Zhytomyr Oblast. Rylsky received his early education at home and later attended the 3rd grade of the Kyiv Private Gymnasium of Volodymyr Naumenko in 1908. During his time in gymnasium, Rylsky became friends with the families of Mykola Lysenko and Oleksandr Rusov. From 1915 to 1917, he studied at the medical faculty of Kyiv University. When the Ukrainian People's University was established in October 1917, Rylsky transferred to its history and philology faculty.

Due to the Ukrainian–Soviet War, Rylsky left Kyiv in late 1917. He and his brother Ivan worked at the food administration in the city of Skvyra and later as rural teachers in nearby villages. In 1918, Bolshevik sympathizers in Romanivka forced Rylsky to flee his family home, robbed it, and destroyed his father's invaluable archive and library.

Rylsky did not return to Kyiv until 1923, where he initially worked as a teacher.

Works

Rylsky began writing poetry at a young age. His debut poem was published in 1907 in the newspaper "Rada", and his first collection, "At White Isles" (Ukrainian: На білих островах), was released in 1910. By 1918, his poems "Tsarevna", and "On the Edge of the Forest", as well as his collection "Beneath Autumn Stars", demonstrated that his period of apprenticeship and "voice sampling" had passed. His 1922 collection, "Blue Distance", confirmed this.

Throughout the 1920s, he continued to write numerous poems. During this time, Rylsky published several collections of poetry, including "Through Storm and Snow" (1925), "The 13th Spring" (1926), "Where Roads Meet", and "Hum and Rumbling" (both 1929). In the latter collection, Rylsky also demonstrated his skill as a translator of world poetry, including works by Paul Verlaine, Valery Bryusov, Stéphane Mallarmé, Maurice Maeterlinck, and others. One notable translation was of Adam Mickiewicz's "Pan Tadeusz".

As a representative of the "pure art" doctrine, Maksym Rylsky was active during the years when the Stalinists adopted the official doctrine of "socialist realism". In 1937, he was involved in rewriting the libretto of Mykola Lysenko's opera Taras Bulba, and later returned to neo-classical forms. Rylsky is one of the most outstanding Ukrainian poets of the 20th century and a master of the modern sonnet and the long narrative poem. He was closely associated with the Neoclassicist group of Ukrainian poets. They employed traditional poetic forms with rhyme and meter, wrote in a clear and accessible contemporary idiom, and often referenced Ancient Greek and Roman mythology, as well as numerous other authors from world literature, in their poetry.

During the wartime period, he wrote two masterful long poems that deviated from socialist realism: "Thirst" (1942) and "Journey to Youth" (1941-4), for which he was again publicly chastised. In 1942, he became the Director of the Institute of Fine Arts, Folklore, and Ethnography in Kyiv, a post he held until his death in 1964. The Institute now bears his name. He published about 30 collections of original poetry during his lifetime, as well as numerous translations and scholarly works. By 1974, almost five million copies of his works, in the original or in translation, had been published in the USSR.

Rylsky became a member of the Communist Party in 1943 and was elected to the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union in 1946.

Language skills and translation

Rylsky was a translator with knowledge of 13 languages and the ability to translate from 30 languages. He specialized in translating from French, Polish and Russian.

Awards

Prizes

  • Lenin Prize, 1960 – for his collections of poems "Daleki neboskhyly" (1959) and "Troyandy j vynohrad" (1957)
  • Stalin Prize, 1943 – for his collections of poems "Slovo pro ridnu matir", "Svitova zorya", "Svitla zbroya", "Mandrivka v molodist"
  • Stalin Prize, 1950 – translation into Ukrainian of the poem "Pan Tadeusz" by Adam Mickiewicz

See also

References

  1. ^ Strikha, M. Correspondence between Hryhoriy Kochur and Bohdan Rylsky. "Nova Knyha".
  2. Tsion, V. A son of szlachcic and peasant (Син шляхтича і селянки). Zbruch. 19 March 2015

External links

Categories: