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| {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}} | |||
| {{Use Pakistani English|date=January 2020}} | |||
| {{infobox ethnic group | {{infobox ethnic group | ||
| |group= Punjabi Shaikh |
| group = Punjabi Shaikh | ||
| | image = File:Sheikhs from the Trans-Sutlej States.png | |||
| |image= ] | |||
| | caption = Punjabi Sheikhs from the Trans-Sutlej States in 1869 | |||
| |caption = A Khattri nobleman, in ''Kitab-i tasrih al-aqvam'' by ] in (1778-1841) | |||
| | population = | |||
| |poptime = 10 million | |||
| | popplace = Pakistan | |||
| |popplace = • {{flagcountry|Pakistan}} •{{flagcountry|Europe}} • {{flagcountry|United States}} • {{flagcountry|Canada}} • {{flagcountry|Australia}} • {{flagcountry|Dubai}} • {{flagcountry|Saudi Arabia}} • {{flagcountry|United Kingdom}} •{{flagcountry|India}} | |||
| |langs = • ] • ] • ] | | langs = • ] • ] • ] | ||
| |rels= |
| rels = ] | ||
| ⚫ | | related = ]| | ||
| |related=• ] • ]s • ]/]/] • ]s • ] • ] | |||
| | | |||
| }} | }} | ||
| '''Punjabi Shaikh''' ({{ |
'''Punjabi Shaikh and Pakistani Sheikh or Shaikh''' ({{langx|ur|{{Nastaliq| پنجابی شيخ}}}}) are a branch of the ]. In Punjab, the title ''shaikh'' was given to recent converts to Islam and not to those of Arab descent as a polite euphemism.<ref name=":0"/> | ||
| The Shaikh caste were originally agricultural and can be found in the ], ] and ] regions of Punjab. However, in recent years, they have become urbanised and are involved in business and trade. The Punjabi Shaikh tribe are a wealthy but have a small population in the Punjab. Notable people include ], a Pakistani politician and a businessman.<ref>{{Cite book|date=20 February 2004|title=Sociology of religion in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q_0O8LxsWb8C&q=shaikh+occupational+caste&pg=PA97|isbn=9780761997818|last1=Robinson|first1=Rowena}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Nyrop|first=Richard F.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FaggQsmGFWkC&q=sheikh+occupational+title+in+pakistan&pg=PA149|title=Pakistan a country study|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|year=1983|edition=4|pages=149}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V21_272.gif |title=Shaikhs of Rawalpindi District (Pothohar Plateau)|website=Digital South Asia Library - Imperial Gazetteer of India v.21, page 266|access-date=25 December 2022}}</ref> | |||
| ==Name== | |||
| '''Sheikh''' (] and ]: '''شيخ''' ), is an ] word meaning elder of a tribe, lord, honorable revered old man, or ]. In ] it is used as an ethnic title generally attributed to Muslim trading families. | |||
| ==Notable people with this surname== | |||
| The Punjabi Shaikh are a multi-ethnic community who are partly descended from ], ]s, ] and ]. The ]s of ] and ] have historically, travelled to ] as technocrats, bureaucrats, soldiers, traders, scientists, architects, teachers, theologians and Sufis during the ] and ] and settled permanently. | |||
| *], a Pakistani politician and a businessman | |||
| *], a Pakistani actor and film director | |||
| In ], after the advent of ], some higher castes (now known as ]s in ]) such as ] and ]s, converted to ] in the ] and adopted this title. They are known as '''Punjabi Shaikh''' (]) '''پنجابی شيخ'''. Punjabi Shaikhs are mostly urban and non agriculturist but a few families also cultivate their own land in the western districts. Their main professions are business and public service. In Punjab, they stereotypically have a reputation for business acumen. Many ] clans had converted to Islam, also known as ], during the early 12th century and were also given the honorary title of Sheikh (elder of the tribe) by the Arab rulers or ]. Sheikh Rajputs were the earliest in Rajputs to embrace ]. Another example ], with their sub-division the ] and the ] are two such communities. | |||
| *], a Pakistani actor | |||
| *], a Pakistani field hockey player | |||
| Before the independence of ] in 1947, ]s were living in all the districts of ]. Most of them were concentrated in the western districts. People from all classes; ], ]s, ]s, ]s, ], etc.; had converted to ]. The ] Shaikhs and ] ], ]s{{dn|date=May 2017}} are communities that are the descended from these converted classes. They are found in ] as ] speaking Shaikhs and also found in ] as ] speaking Shaikhs. The Siddiqui Shaikhs are also living in ] and also in ], ], ] and ] as well as in ], ], ] and ]. | |||
| *], a Pakistani TV actress | |||
| *], an Indian film actor | |||
| The ], including ]s, adopted Sheikh as their title upon high caste conversions to ]. The ] also adopted Islam as ] they became part of ] community. | |||
| == Shaikh == | |||
| Members of the ] are those who after converting to ] from different Hindu ] formed ], ], ] ({{lang-ar|''' خواجہ شيخ'''}}) and community belong many prominent ] trading families of ] such as ], ], ], ], Chaatta, Bathla adopted the title of ]. | |||
| == Qanungoh Shaikh == | |||
| {{Main|Qanungoh Shaikh}} | |||
| Qanungoh Shaikhs ({{lang-fa|''' قانونگوہ شيخ'''}}) belonged to all the districts of the ]. They have different lineages and represent families who were holding hereditary office of ''Qanungoh'' (''Law readers'') during the Muslim period. | |||
| This designation was used in the Punjab and other provinces of India and Pakistan for hereditary registrar of landed property in a subdivision of a district. | |||
| == Siddiqui and Quraishi Shaikhs == | |||
| {{Main|Siddiqui}} | |||
| The ] and ] are also clans of ] found in the ]. The Siddiqui and Quraishi mostly are ] who converted to Islam from the Hindu ] caste. These clans are also found in ] states of ], ], ], ], ] and ]. They are usually ] speaking community while some can be found to be ] speaking. | |||
| ==Kashmiri Shaikh== | |||
| {{Main|Kashmiri Shaikh}} | |||
| ], the national poet of Pakistan]] | |||
| The ] are another community living in different districts of the ] and ]. They emigrated from ] during the 19th and 20th centuries. ] belonged to this group. Muhammad Iqbal grandfather Shaikh Rafiq migrated to ] in the early 19th century. | |||
| * Allama ], Islamic scholar | |||
| * ], Chief Justice of Lahore High Court Punjab (2009) | |||
| == See also == | == See also == | ||
| * ] | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| {{reflist |
{{reflist}} | ||
| # ], ], ], " ''A Glossary of The Tribes & Casts of The Punjab & North West Frontier Province''", 1911, pp 502 Vol II | |||
| # Wendy Doniger, tr. "''The Law of Manu''", (Penguin Books, 1991 ) Verses 43-44, Chapter 10. | |||
| # A.L. Basham " ''The Wonder That Was India''", ( Sidgwick & Jackson, 1967) | |||
| # D. Ibbetson, E.MacLagan, H.A. Rose, pp 58, Vol I | |||
| # Abu Fazal, "'']''", translated by H.Blocmann & H.S. Jarrett, (Calcutta, 1873–94) 3 Vols., a gazetteer of the Mughal Empire compiled in 1590 AD. | |||
| # D. Ibbetson, E.MacLagan, H.A. Rose, pp 513–514 Vol II | |||
| {{Ethnic groups, tribes and clans of the Punjab}} | {{Ethnic groups, tribes and clans of the Punjab}} | ||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
Latest revision as of 09:44, 26 October 2024
Ethnic group
 Punjabi Sheikhs from the Trans-Sutlej States in 1869 | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
|---|---|
| Pakistan | |
| Languages | |
| • Punjabi • English • Urdu | |
| Religion | |
| Islam | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Shaikhs in South Asia |
Punjabi Shaikh and Pakistani Sheikh or Shaikh (Urdu: پنجابی شيخ) are a branch of the Shaikhs in South Asia. In Punjab, the title shaikh was given to recent converts to Islam and not to those of Arab descent as a polite euphemism.
The Shaikh caste were originally agricultural and can be found in the Faisalabad, Chiniot and Rawalpindi District regions of Punjab. However, in recent years, they have become urbanised and are involved in business and trade. The Punjabi Shaikh tribe are a wealthy but have a small population in the Punjab. Notable people include Sheikh Rasheed Ahmad, a Pakistani politician and a businessman.
Notable people with this surname
- Sheikh Rasheed Ahmad, a Pakistani politician and a businessman
- Javed Shaikh, a Pakistani actor and film director
- Saleem Sheikh, a Pakistani actor
- Shahnaz Sheikh, a Pakistani field hockey player
- Shehnaz Sheikh, a Pakistani TV actress
- Farooq Sheikh, an Indian film actor
See also
References
- ^ Nyrop, Richard F. (1983). Pakistan a country study (4 ed.). U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 149.
- Robinson, Rowena (20 February 2004). Sociology of religion in India. ISBN 9780761997818.
- "Shaikhs of Rawalpindi District (Pothohar Plateau)". Digital South Asia Library - Imperial Gazetteer of India v.21, page 266. Retrieved 25 December 2022.
