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{{Short description|American pilot}}
{{Infobox military person {{Infobox military person
|name= John Simon Loisel |name= John Simon Loisel
⚫ |image= JohnLoisel.jpg
|image_size=
⚫ |alt= Then Maj. John Loisel standing in front of his P-38 Lightning fighter, showing Japanese flags painted on to indicate 11 kills
⚫ |caption= Major John S. Loisel beside his Lockheed P-38
|nickname=
|birth_date= {{birth date|1920|05|21}} |birth_date= {{birth date|1920|05|21}}
⚫ |death_date= {{death date and age|2010|01|20|1920|05|21}}
|birth_place= ] |birth_place= ]
⚫ |death_date= {{death date and age|2010|01|20|1920|05|21}}
|death_place= ] |death_place= ]
|placeofburial= ] |placeofburial= ]
|allegiance= United States
|placeofburial_label= Place of burial
⚫ |branch= ]<br />]
⚫ |image= JohnLoisel.jpg
⚫ |caption= Major John S. Loisel beside his Lockheed P-38
⚫ |alt=Then Maj. John Loisel standing in front of his P-38 Lightning fighter, showing Japanese flags painted on to indicate 11 kills
⚫ |branch= ] ]
|unit= ], ]
|serviceyears= 1941–1970 |serviceyears= 1941–1970
|rank= ] |rank= ]
|unit=

|commands= ]<br />]<br />]<br />]<br />]
⚫ |battles= ]
|battles=
⚫ *]
{{tree list}}
⚫ *]
⚫ * ]
⚫ *]
⚫ ** ]
⚫ ]
⚫ ** ]
⚫ |awards= ] ]<br/>] ] (4)<br/>] ] (9)
⚫ ** ]
⚫ |laterwork=High School Physics teacher
⚫ * ]
{{tree list/end}}
⚫ |awards= ]<br />]<br />] (4)<br />] (11)
|relations=
⚫ |laterwork= High School Physics teacher
}} }}
] '''John Simon Loisel''' (May 21, 1920&nbsp;– January 20, 2010) was an ] ], credited with having shot down 11 ] aircraft during ]. Loisel was born in ], ] and joined the ] (USAAF) in 1941. By age 25, Loisel had spent more time in combat than any other American pilot in World War II, with over three years in the Pacific. Serving in the ] he quickly distinguished himself by first becoming an ] after achieving five kills in just a two-month period, and then becoming a double ace. ] '''John Simon Loisel''' (May 21, 1920&nbsp;– January 20, 2010) was an American ], credited with having shot down 11 ] aircraft during ]. Loisel was born in ], ] and joined the ] in 1941. By age 25, Loisel had spent more time in combat than any other American pilot in World War II, with over three years in the Pacific. Serving in the ] he quickly distinguished himself by first becoming an ] after achieving five kills in just a two-month period, and then becoming a double ace.


He became a career ] officer when the United States Army Air Forces was disbanded in 1947 and would serve in the U.S. Air Force till 1970 . Loisel commanded Fighter Groups in both World War II and Korea, along with several peacetime commands. He retired from the Air Force as a colonel. Following his military career, Loisel taught high school physics for 15 years in the ]. He became a career ] officer when the United States Army Air Forces was disbanded in 1947 and would serve in the United States Air Force until 1970. Loisel commanded Fighter Groups in both World War II and Korea, along with several peacetime commands. He retired from the Air Force as a colonel. Following his military career, Loisel taught high school physics for 15 years in the ].


==Early life== ==Early life==
Loisel was born in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho on May 21, 1920 and moved with his family to ], ] by 1922.<ref name="census1930">{{cite census | title = Fifteenth Census of the United States | year = 1930 | location = Norfolk, Madison, Nebraska | roll = T626 1288 | page = 118 | line = 80–93 | accessdate = February 5, 2010}}</ref> His parents, Simon M. and Lucille Loisel were first-generation Americans of French-Canadian parents.<ref name="census1930"/> The elder Loisel worked as a ] in the lumber industry.<ref name="census1930"/> Simon Loisel did well enough to keep a live-in servant and to reside in an expensive house for the time.<ref name="census1930"/> Prior to John being born, Lucille Loisel had been employed as a teacher at a Catholic school in Coeur d'Alene.<ref name="census1920">{{cite census | title = Fourteenth Census of the United States | year = 1920 | location = Coeur d'Alene, Kootenai, Idaho | roll = T625 291| page = 236 | line = 17–18 | accessdate = February 5, 2010}}</ref> John Loisel was the eldest child, with six younger brothers and two sisters.<ref name="census1930"/> Loisel was born in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho on May 21, 1920, and moved with his family to ], ] by 1922.<ref name="census1930">{{cite census | title = Fifteenth Census of the United States | year = 1930 | location = Norfolk, Madison, Nebraska | roll = T626 1288 | page = 118 | line = 80–93 | access-date = February 5, 2010}}</ref> His parents, Simon M. and Lucille Loisel were first-generation Americans of French-Canadian parents.<ref name="census1930"/> The elder Loisel worked as a ] in the lumber industry.<ref name="census1930"/> Simon Loisel did well enough to keep a live-in servant and to reside in an expensive house for the time.<ref name="census1930"/> Prior to John being born, Lucille Loisel had been employed as a teacher at a Catholic school in Coeur d'Alene.<ref name="census1920">{{cite census | title = Fourteenth Census of the United States | year = 1920 | location = Coeur d'Alene, Kootenai, Idaho | roll = T625 291| page = 236 | line = 17–18 | access-date = February 5, 2010}}</ref> John Loisel was the eldest child, with six younger brothers and two sisters.<ref name="census1930"/>


After graduating from high school, Loisel attended Wayne State Teacher's College, Nebraska (now ]) and the ] from 1938 to 1941. He then entered the USAAF for flight training at ], ] on March 10, 1941 and received his pilot wings on October 31, 1941.<ref name="eaglebio"> After graduating from high school, Loisel attended Wayne State Teacher's College, Nebraska (now ]) and the ] from 1938 to 1941. He then entered the ] (USAAF) for flight training at ], ] on March 10, 1941, and received his pilot wings on October 31, 1941.<ref name="eaglebio">{{cite web|url=http://www.au.af.mil/au/goe/eagle_bios/1991/loisel_1991.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111223191547/http://www.au.af.mil/au/goe/eagle_bios/1991/loisel_1991.asp|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 23, 2011|title=Air Command and Staff College Gathering of Eagles, Eagle Biography, John S. Loisel|publisher=www.au.af.mil|access-date=February 1, 2010}}</ref><ref name="h114">Holmes 2004, p. 114</ref>
{{cite web|url=http://www.au.af.mil/au/goe/eagle_bios/1991/loisel_1991.asp|title=Air Command and Staff College Gathering of Eagles, Eagle Biography, John S. Loisel|publisher=www.au.af.mil|accessdate=February 1, 2010|last=|first=}}</ref><ref name="h114">Holmes 2004, p. 114</ref>


==Military career== ==Military career==

===World War II=== ===World War II===
Upon receiving his wings and a commission as a ], Loisel was initially posted for duties as a flight instructor while waiting for assignment. He was then posted to a unit in the ]. When he was en route by ship, he learned of the Japanese attack on ].<ref name="eaglebio"/> In late-1941 he was assigned as a Bell ] fighter pilot with the ], ], based in ]. By June 1943, he had flown 83 combat missions in both the P-39D and the P-400 versions.<ref name="h114"/> Loisel was then selected as cadre for the newly formed ], ], the first Lockheed ] fighter group formed in the USAAF.<ref name="eaglebio"/><ref name="h114"/> Upon receiving his wings and a commission as a ], Loisel was initially posted for duties as a flight instructor while waiting for assignment. He was then posted to a unit in the ]. When he was en route by ship, he learned of the Japanese attack on ].<ref name="eaglebio"/> In late-1941 he was assigned as a Bell ] fighter pilot with the ], ], based in ]. By June 1943, he had flown 83 combat missions in both the P-39D and the P-400 versions.<ref name="h114"/> Loisel was then selected as cadre for the newly formed ], ], the first Lockheed ] fighter group formed in the USAAF.<ref name="eaglebio"/><ref name="h114"/>


Once assigned to the 432nd Fighter Squadron, Loisel began to quickly show his abilities once he started flying an aircraft that could compete with the top-line Japanese fighters. Flying a P-38H, serial no. 42-66682,<ref>Holmes 2004, p. 126</ref> named the ''Screaming Kid'',<ref>Stanaway 2004, p. 36</ref> he shot down five Japanese fighters within his first two months of flying in the P-38s and earned a promotion to ].<ref name="eaglebio"/> On August 21, 1943, while escorting USAAF bombers near ], ], he shot down two ] "Tony" fighters,<ref name="h114-115">Holmes 2004, pp. 114–115</ref><ref name="m85">McAulay 2005, p. 85</ref> his first two victories. Less than a month later, on September 22, 1943, he claimed a ] "Zero" fighter near ], New Guinea.<ref name="h114-115"/> Slightly less than two months later Loisel obtained "ace" status by downing two more Zeroes near ], New Guinea.<ref name="h114-115"/> Once assigned to the 432nd Fighter Squadron, Loisel began to quickly show his abilities once he started flying an aircraft that could compete with the top-line Japanese fighters. Flying a P-38H, serial no. 42–66682,<ref>Holmes 2004, p. 126</ref> named the ''Screaming Kid'',<ref>Stanaway 2004, p. 36</ref> he shot down five Japanese fighters within his first two months of flying in the P-38s and earned a promotion to ].<ref name="eaglebio"/> On August 21, 1943, while escorting USAAF bombers near ], ], he shot down two ] "Tony" fighters,<ref name="h114-115">Holmes 2004, pp. 114–115</ref><ref name="m85">McAulay 2005, p. 85</ref> his first two victories. Less than a month later, on September 22, 1943, he claimed a ] "Zero" fighter near ], New Guinea.<ref name="h114-115"/> Slightly less than two months later Loisel obtained "]" status by downing two more Zeroes near ], New Guinea.<ref name="h114-115"/>


In December, 1943, he picked up two more kills, a Zero on the 15th and another Zero on the 21st, during the build-up for the landings at ].<ref name="h114-115"/> Loisel picked up his eighth victory on January 23, 1944 over a Zero.<ref name="h114-115"/> On April 3, 1944, while escorting Douglas ] bombers near ], New Guinea, he shot down a ] "Oscar" fighter and a Mitsubishi A6M3 "Hamp" fighter over Lake Sentani, giving him his ninth and tenth kills and making him a double ace.<ref name="h114-115"/><ref name=m219>McAulay 2005, p. 219</ref><ref name=s38>Stanaway 2004, p. 38</ref> On January 22, 1944, he assumed command of the 432nd Fighter Squadron. This unit was tasked with striking targets in New Guinea and the Indonesian ] to support General ]'s return to the Philippines.<ref name="eaglebio"/> In August 1944, Loisel returned to the United States as a ].<ref name="h115">Holmes 2004, p. 115</ref> In December 1943, he picked up two more kills, a Zero on the 15th and another Zero on the 21st, during the build-up for the landings at ].<ref name="h114-115"/> Loisel picked up his eighth victory on January 23, 1944, over a Zero.<ref name="h114-115"/> On April 3, 1944, while escorting Douglas ] bombers near ], New Guinea, he shot down a ] "Oscar" fighter and a Mitsubishi A6M3 "Hamp" fighter over Lake Sentani, giving him his ninth and tenth kills and making him a double ace.<ref name="h114-115"/><ref name=m219>McAulay 2005, p. 219</ref><ref name=s38>Stanaway 2004, p. 38</ref> On January 22, 1944, he assumed command of the 432nd Fighter Squadron. This unit was tasked with striking targets in New Guinea and the Indonesian ] to support General ]'s return to the Philippines.<ref name="eaglebio"/> In August 1944, Loisel returned to the United States as a ].<ref name="h115">Holmes 2004, p. 115</ref>


In January 1945, Loisel returned to the 475th Fighter Group as the Operations Officer.<ref name=f73/> After his return to combat following his assignment in the United States, Loisel had his eleventh and final aerial victory on March 28, 1945, when he shot down a ] "Frank" fighter near ], Indochina (Vietnam).<ref name="h114-115"/><ref>Stanaway 2004, p. 44</ref> On May 15, 1945 he was promoted to ] and on July 15, 1945<ref>Foley 1980, p. 349</ref> he became the Commanding Officer of the 475th Fighter Group.<ref name="eaglebio"/> He relinquished command on April 18, 1946 and returned to the United States.<ref name="eaglebio"/> In January 1945, Loisel returned to the 475th Fighter Group as the Operations Officer.<ref name=f73/> After his return to combat following his assignment in the United States, Loisel had his eleventh and final aerial victory on March 28, 1945, when he shot down a ] "Frank" fighter near ], Indochina (Vietnam).<ref name="h114-115"/><ref>Stanaway 2004, p. 44</ref> On May 15, 1945, he was promoted to ] and on July 15, 1945<ref>Foley 1980, p. 349</ref> he became the Commanding Officer of the 475th Fighter Group.<ref name="eaglebio"/> He relinquished command on April 18, 1946, and returned to the United States.<ref name="eaglebio"/>


He had, by the age of 25, become a lieutenant colonel, a fighter group commander, and earned the ]. His assignment to the Pacific Theatre of Operations for over three years was longer than any other American fighter pilot served in combat, and he flew more than 875 hours in combat.<ref name="eaglebio"/> Loisel was the fourth leading ace in the 475th Fighter Group, flying with notable aces ] (38 kills), ] (27 kills) and Daniel T. Roberts, Jr. (15 kills).<ref name="eaglebio"/> He was known for his aggressiveness, instructing his pilots to "Head for the main body of the enemy&nbsp;– disregard stragglers&nbsp;... plow into the largest bunch you see."<ref name="eaglebio"/><ref name=f73>Fifth Air Force Staff 2007, p. 73</ref><ref name=b490>Bergerud 2000, p. 490</ref> He had, by the age of 25, become a lieutenant colonel, a fighter group commander, and earned the ]. His assignment to the Pacific Theatre of Operations for over three years was longer than any other American fighter pilot served in combat, and he flew more than 875 hours in combat.<ref name="eaglebio"/> Loisel was the fourth leading ace in the 475th Fighter Group, flying with notable aces ] (38 kills), ] (27 kills) and Daniel T. Roberts, Jr. (15 kills).<ref name="eaglebio"/> He was known for his aggressiveness, instructing his pilots to "Head for the main body of the enemy&nbsp;– disregard stragglers&nbsp;... plow into the largest bunch you see."<ref name="eaglebio"/><ref name=f73>Fifth Air Force Staff 2007, p. 73</ref><ref name=b490>Bergerud 2000, p. 490</ref>


===Korea=== ===Korea===
On return to the United States in 1946, he married Rachel 'Rae' Hultman<ref name="dmn">Simnacher 2010.</ref> and re-enrolled at the University of Nebraska to earn his bachelor's degree in physics, graduating in 1949.<ref name="h115"/> Beginning in May, 1947, he served as the commanding officer of the ] (an Air Defense&nbsp;– Interceptor unit), based at ], ], where he led the transition of the unit to the Lockheed ] jet fighter.<ref name="63rdFS"> On return to the United States in 1946, he married Rachel 'Rae' Hultman,<ref name="dmn">Simnacher 2010.</ref> and re-enrolled at the University of Nebraska to earn his bachelor's degree in physics, graduating in 1949.<ref name="h115"/> Beginning in May 1947, he served as the commanding officer of the ] (an Air Defense&nbsp;– Interceptor unit), based at ], ], where he led the transition of the unit to the Lockheed ] jet fighter.<ref name="63rdFS">{{cite web| title =Fact Sheet, 63 Fighter Squadron| publisher =Air Force Historical Research Agency| url =http://www.afhra.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet_print.asp?fsID=12038&page=1| access-date =February 21, 2010| url-status =dead| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20120609232656/http://www.afhra.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet_print.asp?fsID=12038&page=1| archive-date =June 9, 2012}}</ref> After a staff tour at Headquarters, ], Loisel returned to combat in ] in May 1953,<ref>Foley 1980, p. 347</ref> having been promoted to full ] on December 1, 1951.<ref name="h115"/> Once there, Loisel commanded the ], flying the Republic ] fighter. He flew an additional 22 combat missions.<ref name="eaglebio"/> One of the subordinate squadrons under his command (the ]) set an Air Force record for the number of combat sorties flown (80 in one day) in June 1953 and the 474th Fighter Bomber Group set a ] record of 254 sorties on that same day.<ref>Dorr 2003, p. 174</ref>
{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = Fact Sheet, 63 Fighter Squadron | work = | publisher = Air Force Historical Research Agency | date = | url = http://www.afhra.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet_print.asp?fsID=12038&page=1 | doi = | accessdate = February 21, 2010}}</ref> After a staff tour at Headquarters, ], Loisel returned to combat in ] in May 1953,<ref>Foley 1980, p. 347</ref> having been promoted to full ] on December 1, 1951.<ref name="h115"/> Once there, Loisel commanded the ], flying the Republic ] fighter. He flew an additional 22 combat missions.<ref name="eaglebio"/> One of the subordinate squadrons under his command (the ]) set an Air Force record for the number of combat sorties flown (80 in one day) in June 1953 and the 474th Fighter Bomber Group set a ] record of 254 sorties on that same day.<ref>Dorr 2003, p. 174</ref>


===Post-war career=== ===Post-war career===
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==Later life== ==Later life==
Following his retirement from the Air Force, Loisel attended North Texas State University (now the ]), obtaining his master's degree in physics in 1972.<ref name="h115"/> Loisel then taught physics at ] in Plano, ] from 1972 to 1985. Loisel was an "avid golfer" and a member of the American Fighter Aces Association.<ref name="eaglebio"/> Loisel was married to Rae Loisel for 63 years.<ref name="dmn"/> They had a son, John S. Loisel, Jr., and a daughter, Susan Bryan. He died of natural causes on January 20, 2010 in Plano, Texas and is buried at the Dallas-Fort Worth National Cemetery. He is survived by his wife, daughter, and two sisters, Mary Margaret Pappas and Anne Schueth. His son John, Jr. and his brothers predeceased him.<ref name="dmn"/> Following his retirement from the Air Force, Loisel attended North Texas State University (now the ]), obtaining his master's degree in physics in 1972.<ref name="h115"/> Loisel then taught physics at ] in Plano, ] from 1972 to 1985. Loisel was an "avid golfer" and a member of the American Fighter Aces Association.<ref name="eaglebio"/> Loisel was married to Rae Loisel for 63 years.<ref name="dmn"/> They had a son, John S. Loisel, Jr., and a daughter, Susan Bryan. He died of natural causes on January 20, 2010, in Plano, Texas and is buried at the Dallas-Fort Worth National Cemetery. He is survived by his wife, daughter, and two sisters, Mary Margaret Pappas and Anne Schueth. His son John, Jr. and his brothers predeceased him.<ref name="dmn"/>


==Awards and decorations== ==Awards and decorations==
*]&nbsp;&nbsp;USAF command pilot badge<ref name="adams">
* ] ]<ref name="f71">Fifth Air Force Staff 2007, p. 71</ref><ref name="acepilots">{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = Maj. John Loisel: P-38 Lightning Ace of the 475th FG | work = | publisher = AcePilots.com | date = | url = http://www.acepilots.com/usaaf_loisel.html | doi = | accessdate = February 5, 2010}}</ref><ref name="adams">{{cite web | last = Lewis | first = Adam | authorlink = | title = John Loisel's P-38 | work = | publisher = Adamsplanes.com | date = | url = http://www.adamsplanes.com/John_Loisel.htm | doi = | accessdate = February 5, 2010}}</ref>
{{Cite web
⚫ * ] ]<ref name="acepilots"/><ref name="adams"/>
| last = Lewis
⚫ * ] ] with three oak leaf clusters<ref name="f71"/><ref name="acepilots"/><ref name="adams"/>
| first = Adam
⚫ * ] ] with two silver oak leaf clusters<ref name="f71"/><ref name="acepilots"/><ref name="adams"/>
| authorlink =
⚫ * ] ] with four oak leaf clusters<ref name="adams"/>
⚫ * ] ] with silver star<ref name="adams"/>
| title = John Loisel's P-38
| publisher = Adamsplanes.com
| date =
| url = http://www.adamsplanes.com/John_Loisel.htm
| doi =
|access-date= February 5, 2010}}</ref>
*]&nbsp;&nbsp;]<ref name=f71>''Fighter Combat Tactics in the Southwest Pacific Area'', p. 71</ref><ref name="acepilots">
{{Cite web
| last =
| first =
| authorlink =
| title = Maj. John Loisel: P-38 Lightning Ace of the 475th FG
| publisher = AcePilots.com
| date =
| url = http://www.acepilots.com/usaaf_loisel.html
| doi =
|access-date= February 5, 2010}}</ref><ref name="adams"/>
⚫ *]&nbsp;&nbsp;]<ref name="acepilots"/><ref name="adams"/>
⚫ *]&nbsp;&nbsp;] with three oak leaf clusters<ref name=f71/><ref name="acepilots"/><ref name="adams"/>
⚫ *]&nbsp;&nbsp;] with two silver oak leaf clusters<ref name=f71/><ref name="acepilots"/><ref name="adams"/>
⚫ *]&nbsp;&nbsp;] with four oak leaf clusters<ref name="adams"/>
*]&nbsp;&nbsp;] with one star<ref name="adams"/>
*]&nbsp;&nbsp;] with two silver stars<ref name="adams"/>
*]&nbsp;&nbsp;]<ref name="adams"/>
*]&nbsp;&nbsp;]<ref name="adams"/>
*]&nbsp;&nbsp;]<ref name="adams"/>
*]&nbsp;&nbsp;]<ref name="adams"/>
*]&nbsp;&nbsp;] with silver oak leaf<ref name="adams"/>
*]&nbsp;&nbsp;]<ref name="adams"/>
*]&nbsp;&nbsp;]<ref name="adams"/>
⚫ *]&nbsp;&nbsp;] with silver star<ref name="adams"/>
*]&nbsp;&nbsp;]<ref name="adams"/>


===Other honors=== ===Other honors===
* Grand Marshal, Dallas Veteran's Day Parade, Dallas, Texas, 2007<ref name="dmn"/> * Grand Marshal, Dallas Veteran's Day Parade, Dallas, Texas, 2007<ref name="dmn"/>
* Nebraska Aviation Hall of Fame, inducted 1994<ref>{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = Nebraska Aviation Hall of Fame | work = | publisher = State of Nebraska | date = | url = http://www.aero.state.ne.us/hofmenu.htm | doi = | accessdate = February 5, 2010}}</ref> * Nebraska Aviation Hall of Fame, inducted 1994<ref>{{cite web | title = Nebraska Aviation Hall of Fame | publisher = State of Nebraska | url = http://www.aero.state.ne.us/hofmenu.htm | access-date = February 5, 2010}}</ref>
* U.S. Air Force Gathering of Eagles, inducted 1991<ref name="eaglebio"/> * U.S. Air Force Gathering of Eagles, inducted 1991<ref name="eaglebio"/>


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==References== ==References==

{{Portal|United States Air Force|United States Army|World War II}}
{{Refbegin}} {{Refbegin}}
* {{cite book|last=Fifth Air Force Staff|first=|authorlink=|title=Fighter Combat Tactics in the Southwest Pacific Area|publisher=Merriam Press|year=2007|location=Bennington, VT|url=|doi=|isbn=1-57638-064-5}} * {{cite book|last=Fifth Air Force Staff|title=Fighter Combat Tactics in the Southwest Pacific Area|publisher=Merriam Press|year=2007|location=Bennington, VT|isbn=978-1-57638-064-2}}
*{{cite book|last=Bergerud|first=Eric|authorlink=|title=Fire in the Sky : The Air War in the South Pacific|publisher=Westview Press|year=2000|location=Boulder, CO|url=|doi=|isbn=0-8133-3869-7}} *{{cite book|last=Bergerud|first=Eric|title=Fire in the Sky : The Air War in the South Pacific|publisher=Westview Press|year=2000|location=Boulder, CO|isbn=0-8133-3869-7}}
*{{cite book|last1=Dorr|first1=Robert|last2=Thompson|first2=Walter|authorlink=|title=Korean Air War|publisher=Zenith Press|year=2003|location=Osceola, WI|url=|doi=|isbn=0-7603-1511-6}} *{{cite book|last1=Dorr|first1=Robert|last2=Thompson|first2=Walter|title=Korean Air War|publisher=Zenith Press|year=2003|location=Osceola, WI|isbn=0-7603-1511-6}}
* {{cite book|last=Foley|first=Erin (ed.)|authorlink=|title=Air Force Combat Units of World War II|publisher=Arno Press|year=1980|location=New York, NY|url=|doi=|isbn=0-405-12146-6}} * {{cite book|editor-last=Foley|editor-first=Erin |title=Air Force Combat Units of World War II|publisher=Arno Press|year=1980|location=New York, NY|isbn=0-405-12146-6}}
*{{cite book|last=Holmes|first=Tony (ed.)|authorlink=|title=Twelve to One: V Fighter Command Aces of the Pacific|publisher=Osprey Publishing|year=2004|location=Oxford|url=|doi=|isbn=1-84176-784-0}} *{{cite book|editor-last=Holmes|editor-first=Tony |title=Twelve to One: V Fighter Command Aces of the Pacific|publisher=Osprey Publishing|year=2004|location=Oxford|isbn=1-84176-784-0}}
*{{cite book|last=McAulay|first=Lex|authorlink=|title=MacArthur's Eagles: the U.S. Air War Over New Guinea|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=2005|location=Annapolis, MD|url=|doi=|isbn=1-59114-479-5}} *{{cite book|last=McAulay|first=Lex|title=MacArthur's Eagles: the U.S. Air War Over New Guinea|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=2005|location=Annapolis, MD|isbn=1-59114-479-5}}
* {{cite news|last=Simnacher|first=Joe|title=John S. Loisel was Plano high physics teacher, WWII fighter pilot|newspaper=Dallas Morning News|location=|pages=|language=|publisher=|date=January 26, 2010|url=http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/dn/obituaries/stories/DN-loiselob_26met.ART.State.Edition1.4bbd28c.html|accessdate=June 6, 2010}} * {{cite news|last=Simnacher|first=Joe|title=John S. Loisel was Plano high physics teacher, WWII fighter pilot|newspaper=Dallas Morning News|date=January 26, 2010|url=http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/dn/obituaries/stories/DN-loiselob_26met.ART.State.Edition1.4bbd28c.html|access-date=June 6, 2010}}
*{{cite book|last=Stanaway|first=John|authorlink=|title=P-38 Lightning Aces of the Pacific and CBI|publisher=Osprey Publishing|year=2004|location=Oxford|url=|doi=|isbn=1-85532-633-7}} *{{cite book|last=Stanaway|first=John|title=P-38 Lightning Aces of the Pacific and CBI|publisher=Osprey Publishing|year=2004|location=Oxford|isbn=1-85532-633-7}}
{{Refend}} {{Refend}}


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Latest revision as of 15:49, 26 October 2024

American pilot
John Simon Loisel
Then Maj. John Loisel standing in front of his P-38 Lightning fighter, showing Japanese flags painted on to indicate 11 killsMajor John S. Loisel beside his Lockheed P-38
Born(1920-05-21)May 21, 1920
Coeur d'Alene, Idaho
DiedJanuary 20, 2010(2010-01-20) (aged 89)
Plano, Texas
BuriedDallas-Fort Worth National Cemetery
AllegianceUnited States
Service / branchUnited States Army Air Forces
United States Air Force
Years of service1941–1970
RankColonel
Commands83rd Fighter Group
474th Fighter Bomber Group
63rd Fighter Squadron
475th Fighter Group
432nd Fighter Squadron
Battles / wars
AwardsSilver Star
Legion of Merit
Distinguished Flying Cross (4)
Air Medal (11)
Other workHigh School Physics teacher

Colonel John Simon Loisel (May 21, 1920 – January 20, 2010) was an American air ace, credited with having shot down 11 Japanese aircraft during World War II. Loisel was born in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho and joined the United States Army Air Forces in 1941. By age 25, Loisel had spent more time in combat than any other American pilot in World War II, with over three years in the Pacific. Serving in the Pacific he quickly distinguished himself by first becoming an ace after achieving five kills in just a two-month period, and then becoming a double ace.

He became a career Air Force officer when the United States Army Air Forces was disbanded in 1947 and would serve in the United States Air Force until 1970. Loisel commanded Fighter Groups in both World War II and Korea, along with several peacetime commands. He retired from the Air Force as a colonel. Following his military career, Loisel taught high school physics for 15 years in the Plano Independent School District.

Early life

Loisel was born in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho on May 21, 1920, and moved with his family to Norfolk, Nebraska by 1922. His parents, Simon M. and Lucille Loisel were first-generation Americans of French-Canadian parents. The elder Loisel worked as a commercial traveler in the lumber industry. Simon Loisel did well enough to keep a live-in servant and to reside in an expensive house for the time. Prior to John being born, Lucille Loisel had been employed as a teacher at a Catholic school in Coeur d'Alene. John Loisel was the eldest child, with six younger brothers and two sisters.

After graduating from high school, Loisel attended Wayne State Teacher's College, Nebraska (now Wayne State College) and the University of Nebraska from 1938 to 1941. He then entered the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) for flight training at Mather Field, California on March 10, 1941, and received his pilot wings on October 31, 1941.

Military career

World War II

Upon receiving his wings and a commission as a second lieutenant, Loisel was initially posted for duties as a flight instructor while waiting for assignment. He was then posted to a unit in the Philippine Islands. When he was en route by ship, he learned of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. In late-1941 he was assigned as a Bell P-39 Airacobra fighter pilot with the 36th Fighter Squadron, 8th Fighter Group, based in New Guinea. By June 1943, he had flown 83 combat missions in both the P-39D and the P-400 versions. Loisel was then selected as cadre for the newly formed 432nd Fighter Squadron, 475th Fighter Group, the first Lockheed P-38 Lightning fighter group formed in the USAAF.

Once assigned to the 432nd Fighter Squadron, Loisel began to quickly show his abilities once he started flying an aircraft that could compete with the top-line Japanese fighters. Flying a P-38H, serial no. 42–66682, named the Screaming Kid, he shot down five Japanese fighters within his first two months of flying in the P-38s and earned a promotion to captain. On August 21, 1943, while escorting USAAF bombers near Wewak, New Guinea, he shot down two Kawasaki Ki-61 "Tony" fighters, his first two victories. Less than a month later, on September 22, 1943, he claimed a Mitsubishi A6M "Zero" fighter near Finschafen, New Guinea. Slightly less than two months later Loisel obtained "ace" status by downing two more Zeroes near Oro Bay, New Guinea.

In December 1943, he picked up two more kills, a Zero on the 15th and another Zero on the 21st, during the build-up for the landings at Cape Gloucester. Loisel picked up his eighth victory on January 23, 1944, over a Zero. On April 3, 1944, while escorting Douglas A-20 Havoc bombers near Hollandia, New Guinea, he shot down a Nakajima Ki-43 "Oscar" fighter and a Mitsubishi A6M3 "Hamp" fighter over Lake Sentani, giving him his ninth and tenth kills and making him a double ace. On January 22, 1944, he assumed command of the 432nd Fighter Squadron. This unit was tasked with striking targets in New Guinea and the Indonesian Spice Islands to support General Douglas MacArthur's return to the Philippines. In August 1944, Loisel returned to the United States as a major.

In January 1945, Loisel returned to the 475th Fighter Group as the Operations Officer. After his return to combat following his assignment in the United States, Loisel had his eleventh and final aerial victory on March 28, 1945, when he shot down a Nakajima Ki-84 "Frank" fighter near Tree Island, Indochina (Vietnam). On May 15, 1945, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel and on July 15, 1945 he became the Commanding Officer of the 475th Fighter Group. He relinquished command on April 18, 1946, and returned to the United States.

He had, by the age of 25, become a lieutenant colonel, a fighter group commander, and earned the Silver Star. His assignment to the Pacific Theatre of Operations for over three years was longer than any other American fighter pilot served in combat, and he flew more than 875 hours in combat. Loisel was the fourth leading ace in the 475th Fighter Group, flying with notable aces Thomas McGuire (38 kills), Charles MacDonald (27 kills) and Daniel T. Roberts, Jr. (15 kills). He was known for his aggressiveness, instructing his pilots to "Head for the main body of the enemy – disregard stragglers ... plow into the largest bunch you see."

Korea

On return to the United States in 1946, he married Rachel 'Rae' Hultman, and re-enrolled at the University of Nebraska to earn his bachelor's degree in physics, graduating in 1949. Beginning in May 1947, he served as the commanding officer of the 63rd Fighter Squadron (an Air Defense – Interceptor unit), based at Selfridge Air Force Base, Michigan, where he led the transition of the unit to the Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star jet fighter. After a staff tour at Headquarters, Air Defense Command, Loisel returned to combat in Korea in May 1953, having been promoted to full colonel on December 1, 1951. Once there, Loisel commanded the 474th Fighter Bomber Group, flying the Republic F-84 Thunderjet fighter. He flew an additional 22 combat missions. One of the subordinate squadrons under his command (the 429th Fighter Bomber Squadron) set an Air Force record for the number of combat sorties flown (80 in one day) in June 1953 and the 474th Fighter Bomber Group set a Fifth Air Force record of 254 sorties on that same day.

Post-war career

Following the Korean War, Loisel had assignments that included tours as the Commander, 83rd Fighter Group and Deputy Commander, 4th Tactical Fighter Wing. In 1970, having achieved the rank of colonel, over 5,500 flying hours, and 323 combat missions, he retired from the Air Force.

Later life

Following his retirement from the Air Force, Loisel attended North Texas State University (now the University of North Texas), obtaining his master's degree in physics in 1972. Loisel then taught physics at Plano Senior High School in Plano, Texas from 1972 to 1985. Loisel was an "avid golfer" and a member of the American Fighter Aces Association. Loisel was married to Rae Loisel for 63 years. They had a son, John S. Loisel, Jr., and a daughter, Susan Bryan. He died of natural causes on January 20, 2010, in Plano, Texas and is buried at the Dallas-Fort Worth National Cemetery. He is survived by his wife, daughter, and two sisters, Mary Margaret Pappas and Anne Schueth. His son John, Jr. and his brothers predeceased him.

Awards and decorations

Other honors

  • Grand Marshal, Dallas Veteran's Day Parade, Dallas, Texas, 2007
  • Nebraska Aviation Hall of Fame, inducted 1994
  • U.S. Air Force Gathering of Eagles, inducted 1991

Notes

  1. ^ Fifteenth Census of the United States, United States census, 1930; Norfolk, Madison, Nebraska; roll T626 1288, page 118, line 80–93.
  2. Fourteenth Census of the United States, United States census, 1920; Coeur d'Alene, Kootenai, Idaho; roll T625 291, page 236, line 17–18.
  3. ^ "Air Command and Staff College Gathering of Eagles, Eagle Biography, John S. Loisel". www.au.af.mil. Archived from the original on December 23, 2011. Retrieved February 1, 2010.
  4. ^ Holmes 2004, p. 114
  5. Holmes 2004, p. 126
  6. Stanaway 2004, p. 36
  7. ^ Holmes 2004, pp. 114–115
  8. McAulay 2005, p. 85
  9. McAulay 2005, p. 219
  10. Stanaway 2004, p. 38
  11. ^ Holmes 2004, p. 115
  12. ^ Fifth Air Force Staff 2007, p. 73
  13. Stanaway 2004, p. 44
  14. Foley 1980, p. 349
  15. Bergerud 2000, p. 490
  16. ^ Simnacher 2010.
  17. "Fact Sheet, 63 Fighter Squadron". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Archived from the original on June 9, 2012. Retrieved February 21, 2010.
  18. Foley 1980, p. 347
  19. Dorr 2003, p. 174
  20. ^ Lewis, Adam. "John Loisel's P-38". Adamsplanes.com. Retrieved February 5, 2010.
  21. ^ Fighter Combat Tactics in the Southwest Pacific Area, p. 71
  22. ^ "Maj. John Loisel: P-38 Lightning Ace of the 475th FG". AcePilots.com. Retrieved February 5, 2010.
  23. "Nebraska Aviation Hall of Fame". State of Nebraska. Retrieved February 5, 2010.

References

  • Fifth Air Force Staff (2007). Fighter Combat Tactics in the Southwest Pacific Area. Bennington, VT: Merriam Press. ISBN 978-1-57638-064-2.
  • Bergerud, Eric (2000). Fire in the Sky : The Air War in the South Pacific. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. ISBN 0-8133-3869-7.
  • Dorr, Robert; Thompson, Walter (2003). Korean Air War. Osceola, WI: Zenith Press. ISBN 0-7603-1511-6.
  • Foley, Erin, ed. (1980). Air Force Combat Units of World War II. New York, NY: Arno Press. ISBN 0-405-12146-6.
  • Holmes, Tony, ed. (2004). Twelve to One: V Fighter Command Aces of the Pacific. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-84176-784-0.
  • McAulay, Lex (2005). MacArthur's Eagles: the U.S. Air War Over New Guinea. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-59114-479-5.
  • Simnacher, Joe (January 26, 2010). "John S. Loisel was Plano high physics teacher, WWII fighter pilot". Dallas Morning News. Retrieved June 6, 2010.
  • Stanaway, John (2004). P-38 Lightning Aces of the Pacific and CBI. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-85532-633-7.

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