Rietavas: Difference between revisions

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	{{Infobox ~~Settlement~~ <!--more fields are available for this Infobox--See Template:Infobox Settlement-->		{{Infobox settlement <!--more fields are available for this Infobox--See Template:Infobox Settlement-->
	\|name = Rietavas		\|name = Rietavas
	\|nickname =		\|nickname =
	\|settlement_type=~~City~~		\|settlement_type=Town
	\|pushpin_map =Lithuania		\|pushpin_map =Lithuania
	\|pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->		\|pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
	\|pushpin_map_caption =Location of Rietavas		\|pushpin_map_caption =Location of Rietavas
			\|image_flag = Rietavo vėliava.png
	\|image_skyline = ~~Church of Rietavas001~~.jpg		\|image_skyline = Rietavas.jpg
	\|image_shield = Rietavas COA.~~gif~~		\|image_shield = Rietavas COA.svg
	\|latd=55\|latm=43\|lats=0\|latNS=N\|longd=21\|longm=56\|longs=0\|longEW=E\|
			\|coordinates = {{coord\|55\|43\|0\|N\|21\|56\|0\|E\|region:LT_type:city(4000)\|display=inline,title}}
	\|coordinates_display= inline,title
	\|coordinates_type = region:LT_type:city(4000)
	\|subdivision_type = ]		\|subdivision_type = ]
	\|subdivision_name = {{LTU}}		\|subdivision_name = {{LTU}}
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	\|subdivision_name3 = ]		\|subdivision_name3 = ]
	\|subdivision_type4 = ]		\|subdivision_type4 = ]
	\|subdivision_name4 = Rietavas ~~city~~ eldership		\|subdivision_name4 = Rietavas town eldership
	\|subdivision_type6 = ]		\|subdivision_type6 = ]
	\|subdivision_name6 = ] <br> Rietavas city eldership <br> Rietavas rural eldership		\|subdivision_name6 = ] <br /> Rietavas city eldership <br /> Rietavas rural eldership
	\|established_date = 1253		\|established_date = 1253
	\|established_title = First mentioned		\|established_title = First mentioned
	\|established_date2 = 1792		\|established_date2 = 1792
	\|established_title2= Granted ]\|		\|established_title2= Granted ]\|
	\|population_total = 3,~~824~~		\|population_total = 3,234
			\|population_as_of = 2021<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://osp.stat.gov.lt/documents/10180/9601028/Gyventojai_gyvenamosiose_vietovese.xlsx\|format=XLSX\|title=GYVENTOJAI GYVENAMOSIOSE VIETOVĖSE\|website=Osp.stat.gov.lt\|access-date=17 July 2022}}</ref>
	\|population_as_of = 2010
	\|timezone=]		\|timezone=]
	\|utc_offset=+2		\|utc_offset=+2
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	}}		}}

	'''Rietavas''' ({{pronunciation\|Rietavas.ogg}}, ]: ''Rėitavs'') is a ~~city~~ in ] on the ]. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 3,979. It is the capital of ].		'''Rietavas''' ({{pronunciation\|Rietavas.ogg}}; ]: ''Rėitavs''; {{langx\|pl\|Retów}}) is a town in ] on the ]. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 3,979. It is the capital of ].

		⚫	The town is famous for building the first ] to produce ] in Lithuania in 1892. The first telephone line in Lithuania was also built here.

⚫	The ~~city~~ is famous for building the first ] to produce ] in Lithuania in 1892. The first telephone line in Lithuania was also built here.
	==History==		==History==
			]
	Rietavas was first mentioned in written sources around ]. During the Middle ~~ages~~ it belonged to ''Ceklis'' land. Rietavas' ~~parish~~ was mentioned in ]. Since ] Rietavas was known as a ~~city~~ however the ~~city~~ rights were not granted until ].		Rietavas was first mentioned in written sources around 1253. During the Middle Ages it belonged to ''Ceklis'' land. Rietavas' eldership was mentioned in 1527. Since 1533 Rietavas was known as a town however the town rights were not granted until 1792. In the 14th and 15th centuries Rietavas was one of the most important defence centres in Samogitia and also a crossing of commercial roads. It was located in the ] in the ] within the ].

	In the 19 century Rietavas was an important educational centre ~~whereas~~ in ~~]-]~~ it belonged to ] who loved culture and ~~eduction~~.		In the 19th century Rietavas was an important educational centre as between 1812 and 1909 it belonged to ], who loved culture and education. In 1835 there was established a hospital and four year later a parish school. In 1859 the school of agriculture was established in Rietavas, which was closed in 1863. Lithuanian was the official language of this school (there were any other such schools where Lithuanian would be an official language at that time). In 1873 current ] reflecting features of ] was built.

			Rietavas also became an important centre of progressive technologies of that time. In 1882 the first telephone line in Lithuania was built. It connected Rietavas and ] cities. In 1892 started to produce electricity the first power station in Lithuania. On 17 April 1892 in ] the first ]s were turned on in Rietavas manor, park and church.

			In 1915 Rietavas was the centre of the county and later on centre of the eldership. During the Inter-war period there were established a public library in 1928, a cinema in 1931.
			]

			During ], the town was under Soviet occupation from 1940, and then under ] from 1941 to 1944. The Jewish Community was entirely destroyed by the Nazis and their Lithuanian collaborators. The Jews of Rietavas dealt in trade and crafts and provided their labor as plasterers, carpenters and blacksmiths. The first known census of the Jews in Rietavas was in 1662, when they numbered 421. Rietavas reached the zenith of its Jewish population around the end of the 19th century. In the 1897 census the total population numbered 1,750 of which 1,397 were Jewish. In 1882, Tsar Alexander III published legislation that restricted Jewish residence in the Russian Empire to small towns and villages, making farming impossible for the Jews in the rural areas or industry in the cities. This led to Jewish emigration, particularly to South Africa. In 1923, there 868 Jews out of a total population of 1,720. By 1940 there were 500 Jews. During WWII, in 1941, the local Jewish population were subjected to forced labor and then murdered in mass executions<ref name="iajgs">{{cite web\|url=http://www.iajgs.org/cemetery/lithuania/ritavas.html\|website=Iajgs.org\|title=RIETAVAS: Kovno \| lithuania - International Jewish Cemetery Project\|access-date=2017-07-15}}</ref><ref name="jewishgen">{{cite web\|url=http://www.jewishgen.org/yizkor/Rietavas/rie143.html#Page149\|website=Jewishgen.org\|title=Memorial book: the Ritavas Community (Pages 143-164)\|access-date=2017-07-15}}</ref><ref name="holocaustatlas">{{cite web\|url=http://www.holocaustatlas.lt/EN/#a_atlas/search//page/1/item/225/\|website=Holocaustatlas.lt\|title=Holocaust Atlas of Lithuania\|access-date=2017-07-15}}</ref>
			In 1959 when the total population had grown to 2,882, there was only one Jew left in the town.
			After the World War II Rietavas became the centre of district municipality however in 1963 it was merged with Plungė district municipality. Nevertheless, Rietavas retrieved its municipality in 2000.The city is also near regional roads ] and ] .<ref name="rietavas">{{cite web\|url=http://www.rietavas.lt/index.php?1190176038\|website=Rietavas.lt\|title=Rietavo savivaldybė\|access-date=2017-07-15}}</ref>

			The coat of arms of Rietavas was approved by the decree of the President in 1996.<ref name="www3">{{cite web\|url=http://www3.lrs.lt/pls/inter3/dokpaieska.showdoc_l?p_id=31053&p_query=&p_tr2=2\|website=3.lrs.lt\|title=1045 Dėl Rietavo miesto herbo patvirtinimo\|access-date=2017-07-15}}</ref>

	The coat of arms of Rietavas was approved by the decree of the President in ].
	==Notable people==		==Notable people==
	*] - Lithuanian teacher, publisher, translator and lexicographer.		*] - Lithuanian teacher, publisher, translator and lexicographer.
	*] - Lithuanian racing cyclist, olympic medalist.		*] - Lithuanian racing cyclist, olympic medalist.
	*] - businessmen in Rhodesia		*] - businessmen in Rhodesia

			==Twin towns – sister cities==
			{{See also\|List of twin towns and sister cities in Lithuania}}
			Rietavas is ] with:<ref>{{cite web \|title=Main Page\|url=http://www.rietavas.lt/go.php/lit/I-pradzia\|website=Rietavas.lt\|publisher=Rietavo savivaldybė\|language=lt\|access-date=2021-03-23}}</ref>
			*{{flagicon\|LVA}} ], Latvia
			*{{flagicon\|POL}} ], Poland
			*{{flagicon\|GER}} ], Germany

			== References ==
			{{Reflist}}

	==External links==		==External links==
	{{~~commons~~ category\|Rietavas}}		{{Commons category\|Rietavas}}

	* {{en icon}}
	* {{lt ~~icon~~}}		* {{in lang\|lt}}

	{{Telsiai County}}		{{Telsiai County}}
			{{Authority control}}

		⚫	]
	]		]
	]		]
	]		]
			]

			]
	{{lithuania-geo-stub}}
			]

	]
⚫	]
	]
	]
	]
	]
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	]
	]

Latest revision as of 01:15, 27 October 2024

Town in Samogitia, Lithuania

Rietavas
Town

FlagCoat of arms
RietavasLocation of Rietavas
Coordinates: 55°43′0″N 21°56′0″E / 55.71667°N 21.93333°E / 55.71667; 21.93333
Country	Lithuania
Ethnographic region	Samogitia
County	Telšiai County
Municipality	Rietavas municipality
Eldership	Rietavas town eldership
Capital of	Rietavas municipality Rietavas city eldership Rietavas rural eldership
First mentioned	1253
Granted town rights	1792
Population
• Total	3,234
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+3 (EEST)
Website	http://www.rietavas.lt

Rietavas (pronunciation; Samogitian: Rėitavs; Polish: Retów) is a town in Lithuania on the Jūra River. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 3,979. It is the capital of Rietavas municipality.

The town is famous for building the first power station to produce electricity in Lithuania in 1892. The first telephone line in Lithuania was also built here.

History

Rietavas was first mentioned in written sources around 1253. During the Middle Ages it belonged to Ceklis land. Rietavas' eldership was mentioned in 1527. Since 1533 Rietavas was known as a town however the town rights were not granted until 1792. In the 14th and 15th centuries Rietavas was one of the most important defence centres in Samogitia and also a crossing of commercial roads. It was located in the Duchy of Samogitia in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania within the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

In the 19th century Rietavas was an important educational centre as between 1812 and 1909 it belonged to Ogiński family, who loved culture and education. In 1835 there was established a hospital and four year later a parish school. In 1859 the school of agriculture was established in Rietavas, which was closed in 1863. Lithuanian was the official language of this school (there were any other such schools where Lithuanian would be an official language at that time). In 1873 current Catholic Church reflecting features of Romanesque Revival architecture was built.

Rietavas also became an important centre of progressive technologies of that time. In 1882 the first telephone line in Lithuania was built. It connected Rietavas and Plungė cities. In 1892 started to produce electricity the first power station in Lithuania. On 17 April 1892 in Easter the first street lights were turned on in Rietavas manor, park and church.

In 1915 Rietavas was the centre of the county and later on centre of the eldership. During the Inter-war period there were established a public library in 1928, a cinema in 1931.

During World War II, the town was under Soviet occupation from 1940, and then under German occupation from 1941 to 1944. The Jewish Community was entirely destroyed by the Nazis and their Lithuanian collaborators. The Jews of Rietavas dealt in trade and crafts and provided their labor as plasterers, carpenters and blacksmiths. The first known census of the Jews in Rietavas was in 1662, when they numbered 421. Rietavas reached the zenith of its Jewish population around the end of the 19th century. In the 1897 census the total population numbered 1,750 of which 1,397 were Jewish. In 1882, Tsar Alexander III published legislation that restricted Jewish residence in the Russian Empire to small towns and villages, making farming impossible for the Jews in the rural areas or industry in the cities. This led to Jewish emigration, particularly to South Africa. In 1923, there 868 Jews out of a total population of 1,720. By 1940 there were 500 Jews. During WWII, in 1941, the local Jewish population were subjected to forced labor and then murdered in mass executions In 1959 when the total population had grown to 2,882, there was only one Jew left in the town. After the World War II Rietavas became the centre of district municipality however in 1963 it was merged with Plungė district municipality. Nevertheless, Rietavas retrieved its municipality in 2000.The city is also near regional roads KK164 and KK197 .

The coat of arms of Rietavas was approved by the decree of the President in 1996.

Notable people

Laurynas Ivinskis - Lithuanian teacher, publisher, translator and lexicographer.
Diana Žiliūtė - Lithuanian racing cyclist, olympic medalist.
Susman Brothers - businessmen in Rhodesia

Twin towns – sister cities

Rietavas is twinned with:

Gulbene, Latvia
Kętrzyn (rural gmina), Poland
Saerbeck, Germany

References

"GYVENTOJAI GYVENAMOSIOSE VIETOVĖSE" (XLSX). Osp.stat.gov.lt. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
"RIETAVAS: Kovno | lithuania - International Jewish Cemetery Project". Iajgs.org. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
"Memorial book: the Ritavas Community (Pages 143-164)". Jewishgen.org. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
"Holocaust Atlas of Lithuania". Holocaustatlas.lt. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
"Rietavo savivaldybė". Rietavas.lt. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
"1045 Dėl Rietavo miesto herbo patvirtinimo". 3.lrs.lt. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
"Main Page". Rietavas.lt (in Lithuanian). Rietavo savivaldybė. Retrieved 2021-03-23.

External links

Rietavas homepage (in Lithuanian)

v t e Telšiai County
Municipalities	Mažeikiai Plungė Rietavas Telšiai
Cities	Mažeikiai Plungė Rietavas Seda Telšiai Varniai Viekšniai
Towns	Alsėdžiai Eigirdžiai Gadūnavas Janapolė Kuliai Laižuva Lauko Soda Leckava Luokė Nerimdaičiai Nevarėnai Pavandenė Pikeliai Plateliai Tirkšliai Tryškiai Tverai Ubiškė Žarėnai Žemaičių Kalvarija Židikai
Villages	Babrungas Geruliai Giliogiris Kęstaičiai Krakiai Pakerai Renavas Ukrinai

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