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| {{Short description|Star appearing at Sabarimala Temple}} | |||
| {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}} | ||
| {{Use Indian English|date=July 2019}} | {{Use Indian English|date=July 2019}} | ||
| {{Otheruses|Makar Sankranti}} | {{Otheruses|Makar Sankranti}}{{More citations needed|date=December 2022}} | ||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | ], in 2010]] | ||
| {{Hinduism}} | {{Hinduism}} | ||
| ⚫ | '''Makara Jyothi''' is a star worshiped by pilgrims at ] in ] on ] every year. It is believed that the deity ] asserts himself as Makara Jyothi to bless his devotees. | ||
| The Sun appears to move from one zodiac ] to another every month and the day on which Sun changes the constellation is called Sankrānti ("transit") in Sanskrit. ] ({{lang-sa|मकर संक्रान्ति}}, {{lang-ml|മകര സംക്രാന്തി}}, {{lang-kn|ಮಕರ ಸಂಕ್ರಾಂತಿ}}, {{lang-ta|தைப்பொங்கல்}}, {{lang-te|మకర సంక్రాంతి}} ) is the Sun’s transit into Capricorn (Makara) constellation that usually occurs on 14 January every year and is a very important Hindu festival celebrated all over India in various forms. ], the six-month period when the sun travels towards the north on the celestial sphere, starts on Makara Sankranti and ends on Karka Sankranti (around 14 July). | |||
| == Etymology == | |||
| One of the places where a large number of devout Hindus reach on 14 January for worship is ] located in thick rain forests of ]. | |||
| ⚫ | ''Makara'' ({{langx|sa|मकर}}) is the name of a ] in Indian languages known as ] in English. ''Jyoti'' means "light" in Sanskrit. | ||
| ⚫ | ==Popularity of the ritual == | ||
| ⚫ | '''Makara Jyothi''' is a star |
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| ⚫ | The huge crowd of pilgrims that witnesses the event has increased every year.<ref name="Sight">{{cite news |url= http://www.hindu.com/2006/01/14/stories/2006011406820500.htm |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080129221318/http://www.hindu.com/2006/01/14/stories/2006011406820500.htm |url-status= dead |archive-date= 29 January 2008 |title=Sighting of 'Makarajothi' brings good luck and blessings | location=Chennai, India |work= ] |date=14 January 2006}}</ref> It is believed that 1.5 million devotees witnessed ''Makara Jyoti'' in 2010.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://week.manoramaonline.com/cgi-bin/MMOnline.dll/portal/ep/contentView.do?contentId=3449548&programId=1073754912&pageTypeId=1073754893&contentType=EDITORIAL&BV_ID=@@@ |title=Pilgrims witness Makara Jyothi |publisher=Manorama Online}}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=November 2023}} The revenue collection during the Makaravilakku period was also higher compared to previous years. The total donations were ]720 million in 2008 against previous year’s Rs.723 million.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/01/15/stories/2008011553760400.htm |title=Sabarimala revenue put at Rs.102.52 crore |location=Chennai, India |date=15 January 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080118110549/http://www.hindu.com/2008/01/15/stories/2008011553760400.htm |work=] |archivedate=18 January 2008 }}</ref> | ||
| ==Makara Jyoti and Makara Vilakku== | |||
| Makara Jyoti is not to be mistaken with Makara Vilakku. ] is a light or flame that appears thrice on the Ponnambalamedu hill, four km away to the temple. Makara vilakku is man made. In earlier years , it was a pooja performed by tribesmen (mala arya) on the day of makarajyothi at ponnambalamedu. Now it is done by Kerala government with the support of Travancore devosom board and forest department. Kerala high court confirmed the fact. | |||
| The 'Makaravilakku' at Kerala's famous Sabarimala temple is man-made, as confirmed by the Travancore Devaswom Board (TDB) that runs the temple in the Periyar Tiger Reserve (PTR), in its submission to the Kerala High Court. | |||
| The board told the court that since it is a traditional ritual, it could not be done away with. A bench comprising justices Thottathil Radhakrishnan and Shekhar allowed the board's plea to conduct deeparadhana (evening ]) instead of Makaravilakku at Ponnambalamedu, where the light appears. | |||
| The court held that in view of the board's admission about the Makaravilakku, there is no need for further investigations into the matter. | |||
| ⚫ | ==Popularity of the |
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| Lord Sri ] and his brother Lakshmana met Sabari, an ardent devotee, at Sabarimala. Sabari offered the Lord fruits after tasting them. But the Lord accepted them gladly and whole-heartedly. The Lord then turned and saw a divine person doing ]. He asked Sabari who it was. Sabari said it was Sasta. Rama walked towards Sasta and the latter stood up to welcome the ]. The anniversary of this incident is celebrated on Makara Vilakku day. It is believed that on Makara Vilakku day, Lord Dharmasasta stops his tapas to bless his devotees. | |||
| The most famous Ayyappa shrine in India is the one at Sabarimala with over 50 million devotees visiting it every year.. | |||
| ⚫ | The huge crowd of pilgrims that witnesses the event has |
||
| ==Sabarimala stampedes and authenticity debate== | ==Sabarimala stampedes and authenticity debate== | ||
| {{Main|Makara Vilakku}} | {{Main|Makara Vilakku}} | ||
| ⚫ | In 1999 and 2011, two major human stampedes occurred on 14 January at Sabarimala, killing 53 and 106 people, respectively.<ref name="mathrubhumi1">{{cite news |url=http://www.mathrubhumi.com/english/story.php?id=103730 |title=Makarajyothi: Court intervening after 11 years |publisher=Mathrubhumi English |date=21 January 2011 |accessdate=2014-01-18 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201202106/http://www.mathrubhumi.com/english/story.php?id=103730 |archivedate=2014-02-01 }}</ref><ref name="indiatimes1">{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Sabarimalas-Makara-Jyothi-is-man-lit-TDB/articleshow/7397707.cms |title=Sabarimala's Makara Jyothi is man-lit: TDB |publisher=Times Of India |date=2011-01-31 |accessdate=2014-01-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=G. Mahadevan |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/sabarimala-stampede-toll-rises-to-102/article1094557.ece |title=Sabarimala stampede: toll rises to 102 |work=The Hindu |date=2011-01-15 |accessdate=2014-01-18}}</ref> In 1999 the Justice T Chandrasekhara Menon committee that investigated the stampede refrained from going into the details of authenticity of Makara Jyothi. It stated that Makara Jyothi is a matter of belief and could not be investigated. Justice Chanadrasekhara Menon had probed the veracity of Makara Jyoti during that time. He also appointed an advocate of the commission to witness it.<ref name="mathrubhumi1"/> | ||
| ⚫ | ] |
||
| In 1999 and 2011, two major human stampedes occurred on 14 January, Makara Jyothi Day at Sabarimala, killing 53 and 106 people respectively. | |||
| <ref name="mathrubhumi1">{{cite news |url=http://www.mathrubhumi.com/english/story.php?id=103730 |title=Makarajyothi: Court intervening after 11 years |publisher=Mathrubhumi English |date=21 January 2011 |accessdate=2014-01-18 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201202106/http://www.mathrubhumi.com/english/story.php?id=103730 |archivedate=2014-02-01 }}</ref> | |||
| ⚫ | .<ref name="indiatimes1">{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Sabarimalas-Makara-Jyothi-is-man-lit-TDB/articleshow/7397707.cms |title=Sabarimala's Makara Jyothi is man-lit: TDB |publisher=Times Of India |date=2011-01-31 |accessdate=2014-01-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=G. Mahadevan |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/sabarimala-stampede-toll-rises-to-102/article1094557.ece |title=Sabarimala stampede: toll rises to 102 |work=The Hindu |date=2011-01-15 |accessdate=2014-01-18}}</ref> In 1999 the Justice T Chandrasekhara Menon committee that investigated the stampede refrained from going into the details of authenticity of |
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| ⚫ | The 2011 stampede occurred during an annual pilgrimage, killing 102 pilgrims and injuring more than 100.{{Contradictory inline|date=November 2023}} Amid a renewed debate after this stampede, Kerala High Court wanted to know whether or not Makara Jyoti is a man-made phenomenon, asking about the authenticity of the hallowed celestial light visible from Sabarimala. "A distinction has to be made between the Makaravilakku and Makara Jyothi. The Jyothi is a celestial star. Makarvilakku is lit ," said the head of the Thazamon Thanthri family, Kantararu Maheswararu.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala-high-courts-poser-on-makarajyothi/article1105093.ece |title=Kerala High Court's poser on 'Makarajyothi' |work=The Hindu |date=2011-01-20 |accessdate=2014-01-18}}</ref> After this the Travancore Devaswom Board (TDB) said that it was known to most believers that it was a man lit-fire, but there was a Hindu belief behind it. "It is known to everybody that Makara Vilakku is a fire lit up by men at Ponnabalamedu and TDB also recognises this. But Makara Jyothi is a celestial star", TDB President M Rajagoplan Nair told reporters on 31 January 2011.<ref name="indiatimes1"/> | ||
| In 2011 another human stampede occurred on 14 January, Makara Jyothi Day at Sabarimala. It broke out during an annual pilgrimage, killing 102 pilgrims and injuring more than 100. | |||
| ⚫ | Amid a renewed debate after this stampede, Kerala High Court wanted to know whether or not |
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| ==References== | ==References== | ||
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| == External links == | == External links == | ||
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| {{HinduFestivals}} | {{HinduFestivals}} | ||
Latest revision as of 16:07, 6 November 2024
Star appearing at Sabarimala TempleFor other uses, see Makar Sankranti.
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Makara Jyothi is a star worshiped by pilgrims at Sabarimala Temple in Kerala on Makara Sankranti every year. It is believed that the deity Ayyappan asserts himself as Makara Jyothi to bless his devotees.
Etymology
Makara (Sanskrit: मकर) is the name of a zodiac sign in Indian languages known as Capricorn in English. Jyoti means "light" in Sanskrit.
Popularity of the ritual
The huge crowd of pilgrims that witnesses the event has increased every year. It is believed that 1.5 million devotees witnessed Makara Jyoti in 2010. The revenue collection during the Makaravilakku period was also higher compared to previous years. The total donations were Rs.720 million in 2008 against previous year’s Rs.723 million.
Sabarimala stampedes and authenticity debate
Main article: Makara VilakkuIn 1999 and 2011, two major human stampedes occurred on 14 January at Sabarimala, killing 53 and 106 people, respectively. In 1999 the Justice T Chandrasekhara Menon committee that investigated the stampede refrained from going into the details of authenticity of Makara Jyothi. It stated that Makara Jyothi is a matter of belief and could not be investigated. Justice Chanadrasekhara Menon had probed the veracity of Makara Jyoti during that time. He also appointed an advocate of the commission to witness it.
The 2011 stampede occurred during an annual pilgrimage, killing 102 pilgrims and injuring more than 100. Amid a renewed debate after this stampede, Kerala High Court wanted to know whether or not Makara Jyoti is a man-made phenomenon, asking about the authenticity of the hallowed celestial light visible from Sabarimala. "A distinction has to be made between the Makaravilakku and Makara Jyothi. The Jyothi is a celestial star. Makarvilakku is lit ," said the head of the Thazamon Thanthri family, Kantararu Maheswararu. After this the Travancore Devaswom Board (TDB) said that it was known to most believers that it was a man lit-fire, but there was a Hindu belief behind it. "It is known to everybody that Makara Vilakku is a fire lit up by men at Ponnabalamedu and TDB also recognises this. But Makara Jyothi is a celestial star", TDB President M Rajagoplan Nair told reporters on 31 January 2011.
References
- "Sighting of 'Makarajothi' brings good luck and blessings". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 14 January 2006. Archived from the original on 29 January 2008.
- "Pilgrims witness Makara Jyothi". Manorama Online.
- "Sabarimala revenue put at Rs.102.52 crore". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 15 January 2010. Archived from the original on 18 January 2008.
- ^ "Makarajyothi: Court intervening after 11 years". Mathrubhumi English. 21 January 2011. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 18 January 2014.
- ^ "Sabarimala's Makara Jyothi is man-lit: TDB". Times Of India. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 January 2014.
- G. Mahadevan (15 January 2011). "Sabarimala stampede: toll rises to 102". The Hindu. Retrieved 18 January 2014.
- "Kerala High Court's poser on 'Makarajyothi'". The Hindu. 20 January 2011. Retrieved 18 January 2014.
External links
- Official website of Travancore Devaswom Board
- Clarification of the matter by Minister
- Minister G.Sudhakaran on Makara Vilakku / Makara Jyothi
