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{{short description|American biological anthropologist (born 1955)}}
{{Infobox person {{Infobox person
| name = Jonathan M. Marks | name = Jonathan M. Marks
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| birth_name = Jonathan Mitchell Marks<ref name="LOC">" at ].</ref>
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| birth_date = {{birth year and age|1955}} <!-- {{Birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} or {{Birth-date and age|Month DD, YYYY}} --> | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1955|02|08}}<ref name="LOC"/>
| birth_place = | birth_place =
| death_date = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} or {{Death-date and age|Month DD, YYYY|Month DD, YYYY}} (death date then birth date) --> | death_date = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} or {{Death-date and age|Month DD, YYYY|Month DD, YYYY}} (death date then birth date) -->
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| occupation = Anthropologist | occupation = Anthropologist
| known_for = | known_for =
| awards = W.W. Howells Book Prize<ref>{{Cite web|title=W.W. Howells Book Award|url=http://bas.americananthro.org/awards/w-w-howells-book-award|website=American Anthropological Association: Biological Anthropology Section}}</ref> | awards = W.W. Howells Book Prize<ref>{{Cite web|title=W.W. Howells Book Award|url=http://bas.americananthro.org/awards/w-w-howells-book-award|website=American Anthropological Association: Biological Anthropology Section|date=19 January 2014 }}</ref>
]<ref>{{Cite web|title=J. I. Staley Prize|url=https://sarweb.org/awards/j-i-staley-prize/|website=School for Advanced Research}}</ref> ]<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=J. I. Staley Prize|url=https://sarweb.org/awards/j-i-staley-prize/|website=School for Advanced Research}}</ref>


First Citizens Bank Scholars Medal<ref name= ScholarsMedal/> First Citizens Bank Scholars Medal<ref name= ScholarsMedal/>


GAD Prize for Exemplary Cross-Field Scholarship<ref>{{Cite web|title=Past Winners, GAD Prize for Exemplary Cross-Field Scholarship|url=http://gad.americananthro.org/past-recipients-gad-prize-for-exemplary-cross-field-scholarship/|website=American Anthropological Association: General Anthropology Division}}</ref> GAD Prize for Exemplary Cross-Field Scholarship<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|title=Past Winners, GAD Prize for Exemplary Cross-Field Scholarship|url=http://gad.americananthro.org/past-recipients-gad-prize-for-exemplary-cross-field-scholarship/|website=American Anthropological Association: General Anthropology Division}}</ref>
| organization = {{nowrap|]}}<br />] (Nixon, Nevada) | organization = {{nowrap|]}}<br />] (Nixon, Nevada)
}} }}


'''Jonathan M. Marks''' (born 1955) is a professor of ] at the ]. He is a significant figure in anthropology, especially on the topic of race. Marks is skeptical of genetic explanations of human behavior, of "race" as a biological category, and of science as a rationalistic endeavor. He is a fellow of the ].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Jonathan Marks|url=https://anthropology.uncc.edu/node/131|website=UNC Charlotte, Department of Anthropology}}</ref> '''Jonathan Mitchell Marks''' (born February 8, 1955) is a professor of ] at the ]. He is known for his work comparing the ] of ] and other ], and for his critiques of ], ], and what he argues is an overemphasis on scientific ] in anthropology. He is a fellow of the ].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Jonathan Marks|url=https://anthropology.uncc.edu/node/131|website=UNC Charlotte, Department of Anthropology}}</ref>


==Early life and education== ==Early life and education==
Born in 1955, Marks studied at the ] in ] and took graduate degrees in ] and ] from the ], completing his ] in 1984.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Past Winners, GAD Prize for Exemplary Cross-Field Scholarship|url=http://gad.americananthro.org/past-recipients-gad-prize-for-exemplary-cross-field-scholarship/|website=American Anthropological Association: General Anthropology Division}}</ref> Born in 1955, Marks studied at the ] in ] and took graduate degrees in ] and ] from the ], completing his ] in 1984.<ref name="auto"/>


When Marks was beginning his career, few anthropologists held degrees in genetics.<ref name=":0" /> ''The Charlotte Observer'' quotes him as saying, “Twenty-five years ago I was sort of avant garde. Now it’s much more common.”<ref name=":0" /> When Marks was beginning his career, few anthropologists held degrees in genetics.<ref name=":0" /> ''The Charlotte Observer'' quotes him as saying, “Twenty-five years ago I was sort of avant garde. Now it’s much more common.”<ref name=":0" />


==Career== ==Career==
Marks is a leading figure in anthropology, especially when it comes to public discussions of race.<ref name="Aero2019">Moser, Cody. . Aero. 18 January 2019. Retrieved 11 July 2019.</ref> His work has been praised by scholars such as ], ], and ].<ref name="Aero2019" /> Marks is a leading figure in anthropology, especially when it comes to public discussions of race.<ref name="Aero2019">Moser, Cody. . Aero. 18 January 2019. Retrieved 11 July 2019.</ref> His work has been praised by scholars such as ], ], and ].<ref name="Aero2019" />


Marks did post-doctoral research in the genetics department at ] from 1984-1987, then taught at ] for ten years and ] for three, before settling in ] where he is now a professor at the University of North Carolina-Charlotte.<ref name=":0">http://anthropology.uncc.edu/sites/anthropology.uncc.edu/files/media/JONCV.pdf</ref> Marks did post-doctoral research in the genetics department at ] from 1984-1987, then taught at ] for ten years and ] for three, before settling in ] where he is now a professor at the University of North Carolina-Charlotte.<ref name=":0">http://anthropology.uncc.edu/sites/anthropology.uncc.edu/files/media/JONCV.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref>


Marks has also served on the Board of Directors of the ], ].<ref>http://ipcb.org/</ref> Marks has also served on the board of directors of the ], ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ipcb.org/|title=Indigenous People's Council on Biocolonialism|website=ipcb.org}}</ref>


He was elected to a fellow of the ] in 2006.<ref name=":1" /> He was elected to a fellow of the ] in 2006.<ref name=":1" />


In 2009, Santa Fe's ] awarded him its J. I. Staley Prize for his book ''What It Means to be 98% Chimpanzee:'' ''Apes, People and their Genes.'' In their award citation, the review panel noted that the book "is being read across anthropological disciplines" and "engages with issues directly relevant to the future of humanity."<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=J. I. Staley Prize|url=https://sarweb.org/awards/j-i-staley-prize/|website=School for Advanced Research}}</ref> In 2009, Santa Fe's ] awarded him its J. I. Staley Prize for his book ''What It Means to be 98% Chimpanzee:'' ''Apes, People and their Genes.'' In their award citation, the review panel noted that the book "is being read across anthropological disciplines" and "engages with issues directly relevant to the future of humanity."<ref name=":2"/>


He received the First Citizens Bank Scholars Medal in 2012, honoring his career of intellectual inquiry.<ref name="ScholarsMedal" /> He received the First Citizens Bank Scholars Medal in 2012, honoring his career of intellectual inquiry.<ref name="ScholarsMedal" />


Since then he has been a Templeton Fellow (2013-2014) and a Director's Fellow (2019-2020) at the ]'s Institute for Advanced Study,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jonathan Marks|url=https://ndias.nd.edu/fellows/marks-jonathan/|website=Notre Dame Institute for Advanced Study}}</ref> and a Visiting Research Fellow at the ] in Berlin and at the ESRC Genomics Forum at the ].<ref name=":1" /> Since then he has been a Templeton Fellow (2013-2014) and a Director's Fellow (2019-2020) at the ]'s Institute for Advanced Study,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jonathan Marks|url=https://ndias.nd.edu/fellows/marks-jonathan/|website=Notre Dame Institute for Advanced Study}}</ref> and a visiting research fellow at the ] in Berlin and at the ESRC Genomics Forum at the ].<ref name=":1" />


== Views== == Views==
Marks' 2002 book ''What it Means to be 98% Chimpanzee'' argued that there is a significant gap between scientists' knowledge of genetics and their understanding of its functional significance.<ref name= ScholarsMedal/><ref name=":2" /> In opposition to ], Marks explores evidence for synergy between genetic and cultural factors in shaping human traits such as body shape, school performance, athleticism, and even menstrual cycles.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Madrigal|first=Lorena|date=October 2002|title=Review: What it Means to Be 98% Chimpanzee: Apes, People, and Their Genes|journal=American Journal of Human Genetics|volume=71|issue=4|pages=1000–1001|doi=10.1086/342665|pmc=529329}}</ref> Marks' 2002 book ''What it Means to be 98% Chimpanzee'' argued that there is a significant gap between scientists' knowledge of genetics and their understanding of its functional significance.<ref name= ScholarsMedal/><ref name=":2" /> In opposition to ], Marks explores evidence for synergy between genetic and cultural factors in shaping human traits such as body shape, school performance, athleticism, and even menstrual cycles.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Madrigal|first=Lorena|date=October 2002|title=Review: What it Means to Be 98% Chimpanzee: Apes, People, and Their Genes|journal=American Journal of Human Genetics|volume=71|issue=4|pages=1000–1001|doi=10.1086/342665|pmc=529329}}</ref>


Marks' published works include many scholarly articles and essays. He is an outspoken critic of ], and has prominently argued against the idea that "]" is a natural category. In Marks's view, "race" is a negotiation between patterns of ] variation and patterns of perceived difference. He argues that race and human diversity are different subjects, and do not map on to one another well.<ref name=ScholarsMedal></ref> This view is now the stated consensus of the ].<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|title=AAPA Statement on Race & Racism|url=https://physanth.org/about/position-statements/aapa-statement-race-and-racism-2019/}}</ref> Marks' published works include many scholarly articles and essays. He is an outspoken critic of ], and has prominently argued against the idea that "]" is a natural category. In Marks's view, "race" is a negotiation between patterns of ] variation and patterns of perceived difference. He argues that race and human diversity are different subjects, and do not map on to one another well.<ref name="ScholarsMedal">{{Cite web|last=Thornton|first=Lisa|date=2012-04-27|title=Jonathan Marks honored by UNCC for anthropology work|url=http://www.charlotteobserver.com/news/local/community/university-city/article9079790.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617161603/http://www.charlotteobserver.com/news/local/community/university-city/article9079790.html|archive-date=2016-06-17|website=]}}</ref> This view is now the stated consensus of the ].<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|date=2019-03-27|title=AAPA Statement on Race & Racism|url=https://physanth.org/about/position-statements/aapa-statement-race-and-racism-2019/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200322034009/https://physanth.org/about/position-statements/aapa-statement-race-and-racism-2019/|archive-date=2020-03-22|access-date=2021-04-09|website=physanth.org}}</ref>


As described in his book ''Is Science Racist?'', Marks considers science to have four epistemic qualities: ], ], ], and a primary value on ].<ref name=Aero2019/> In this book and in ''Why I Am Not a Scientist'', he argues that anthropologists have an ambiguous relationship with science because their goal of illuminating the human condition requires both scientific and ] frameworks.<ref name=Aero2019/> As described in his book ''Is Science Racist?'', Marks considers science to have four epistemic qualities: ], ], ], and a primary value on ].<ref name=Aero2019/> In this book and in ''Why I Am Not a Scientist'', he argues that anthropologists have an ambiguous relationship with science because their goal of illuminating the human condition requires both scientific and ] frameworks.<ref name=Aero2019/>
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In reference to the titles of his books, Marks has stated that "he would like it to be known, for the record, that he is about 98% scientist, and not a chimpanzee."<ref name=":1" /> In reference to the titles of his books, Marks has stated that "he would like it to be known, for the record, that he is about 98% scientist, and not a chimpanzee."<ref name=":1" />


==Bibliography== ==Selected works==
* ''Evolutionary Anthropology'' (1991, with Edward Staski) {{ISBN|978-0030237324}} * ''Evolutionary Anthropology'', with Edward Staski (1991). {{ISBN|978-0030237324}}.
* ''Human Biodiversity'' (1995) {{ISBN|3-11-014855-2}} * ''Human Biodiversity'' (1995). {{ISBN|3110148552}}.
* ''What It Means to be 98% Chimpanzee:'' ''Apes, People and their Genes'' (2002) {{ISBN|0-520-24064-2}} * ''What It Means to be 98% Chimpanzee: Apes, People and their Genes'' (2002). {{ISBN|0520240642}}.
* ''Why I Am Not a Scientist'' (2009) {{ISBN|0-520-25960-2}} * ''Why I Am Not a Scientist'' (2009). {{ISBN|0520259602}}.
* ''The Alternative Introduction to Biological Anthropology'' (2010) {{ISBN|0-19-515703-6}} * ''The Alternative Introduction to Biological Anthropology'' (2010). {{ISBN|0195157036}}.
* ''Tales of the Ex-Apes: How We Think about Human Evolution'' (2015) {{ISBN|0-52-028582-4}} * ''Tales of the Ex-Apes: How We Think about Human Evolution'' (2015). {{ISBN|0520285824}}.
* ''Is Science Racist?'' (2017) {{ISBN|978-0-7456-8922-7}} * ''Is Science Racist?'' (2017). {{ISBN|978-0745689227}}.


==References== ==References==
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Latest revision as of 14:38, 10 November 2024

American biological anthropologist (born 1955)
Jonathan M. Marks
BornJonathan Mitchell Marks
(1955-02-08) February 8, 1955 (age 69)
NationalityAmerican
OccupationAnthropologist
Organization(s)University of North Carolina at Charlotte
Indigenous Peoples Council on Biocolonialism (Nixon, Nevada)
AwardsW.W. Howells Book Prize

J. I. Staley Prize

First Citizens Bank Scholars Medal

GAD Prize for Exemplary Cross-Field Scholarship

Jonathan Mitchell Marks (born February 8, 1955) is a professor of biological anthropology at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. He is known for his work comparing the genetics of humans and other apes, and for his critiques of scientific racism, biological determinism, and what he argues is an overemphasis on scientific rationalism in anthropology. He is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Early life and education

Born in 1955, Marks studied at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore and took graduate degrees in genetics and anthropology from the University of Arizona, completing his doctorate in 1984.

When Marks was beginning his career, few anthropologists held degrees in genetics. The Charlotte Observer quotes him as saying, “Twenty-five years ago I was sort of avant garde. Now it’s much more common.”

Career

Marks is a leading figure in anthropology, especially when it comes to public discussions of race. His work has been praised by scholars such as Alondra Nelson, Agustín Fuentes, and Barbara J. King.

Marks did post-doctoral research in the genetics department at UC-Davis from 1984-1987, then taught at Yale for ten years and Berkeley for three, before settling in Charlotte where he is now a professor at the University of North Carolina-Charlotte.

Marks has also served on the board of directors of the Indigenous Peoples Council on Biocolonialism, Nixon, Nevada.

He was elected to a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2006.

In 2009, Santa Fe's School for Advanced Research awarded him its J. I. Staley Prize for his book What It Means to be 98% Chimpanzee: Apes, People and their Genes. In their award citation, the review panel noted that the book "is being read across anthropological disciplines" and "engages with issues directly relevant to the future of humanity."

He received the First Citizens Bank Scholars Medal in 2012, honoring his career of intellectual inquiry.

Since then he has been a Templeton Fellow (2013-2014) and a Director's Fellow (2019-2020) at the University of Notre Dame's Institute for Advanced Study, and a visiting research fellow at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin and at the ESRC Genomics Forum at the University of Edinburgh.

Views

Marks' 2002 book What it Means to be 98% Chimpanzee argued that there is a significant gap between scientists' knowledge of genetics and their understanding of its functional significance. In opposition to biological determinism, Marks explores evidence for synergy between genetic and cultural factors in shaping human traits such as body shape, school performance, athleticism, and even menstrual cycles.

Marks' published works include many scholarly articles and essays. He is an outspoken critic of scientific racism, and has prominently argued against the idea that "race" is a natural category. In Marks's view, "race" is a negotiation between patterns of biological variation and patterns of perceived difference. He argues that race and human diversity are different subjects, and do not map on to one another well. This view is now the stated consensus of the American Association of Biological Anthropologists.

As described in his book Is Science Racist?, Marks considers science to have four epistemic qualities: naturalism, experimentalism, rationalism, and a primary value on accuracy. In this book and in Why I Am Not a Scientist, he argues that anthropologists have an ambiguous relationship with science because their goal of illuminating the human condition requires both scientific and humanistic frameworks.

In reference to the titles of his books, Marks has stated that "he would like it to be known, for the record, that he is about 98% scientist, and not a chimpanzee."

Selected works

References

  1. ^ Marks, Jonathan (Jonathan M.), 1955-" at Library of Congress Linked Data Service.
  2. "W.W. Howells Book Award". American Anthropological Association: Biological Anthropology Section. 19 January 2014.
  3. ^ "J. I. Staley Prize". School for Advanced Research.
  4. ^ Thornton, Lisa (2012-04-27). "Jonathan Marks honored by UNCC for anthropology work". The Charlotte Observer. Archived from the original on 2016-06-17.
  5. ^ "Past Winners, GAD Prize for Exemplary Cross-Field Scholarship". American Anthropological Association: General Anthropology Division.
  6. ^ "Jonathan Marks". UNC Charlotte, Department of Anthropology.
  7. ^ http://anthropology.uncc.edu/sites/anthropology.uncc.edu/files/media/JONCV.pdf
  8. ^ Moser, Cody. “Is Science Racist?” Book Review. Aero. 18 January 2019. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  9. "Indigenous People's Council on Biocolonialism". ipcb.org.
  10. "Jonathan Marks". Notre Dame Institute for Advanced Study.
  11. Madrigal, Lorena (October 2002). "Review: What it Means to Be 98% Chimpanzee: Apes, People, and Their Genes". American Journal of Human Genetics. 71 (4): 1000–1001. doi:10.1086/342665. PMC 529329.
  12. "AAPA Statement on Race & Racism". physanth.org. 2019-03-27. Archived from the original on 2020-03-22. Retrieved 2021-04-09.

External links

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