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{{Short description|none}}
==On ] Computers==
{{more citations needed|date=September 2014}}
Years listed are those in which the game is believed to have originally appeared. Often these games were continually modified and played as a succession of versions for years after their initial posting.
* '']'' (]) by ]
* '']'' (1971) by ]
* '']'' (1971) by ]
* '']'' (1972) by ]
* '']'' (]) by Don Daglow
* '']'' (1975) by ] and ]
* '']'' (1975) by Don Daglow
* '']'' by ] (])
* '']'' (1977)
* '']'' (1977) by ] M
* '']'' (]) by ], ], ] and ]
* '']'' (1978) by ], ] and ]
* '']'' (1978)
* '']'' (1979) by ] and ] M
* '']'' (1979) by ]
* ''Brand X'' (1979) (aka ]) by ] and ]
* '']'' (1979) by ]
* '']'' (1979) by ] and ]
* '']'' (1979) by ]
* '']'' (1980) by ], ] and ]
* '']'' (1980) by ]
* '']'' (1980) by ]
* '']'' (]) by ] and ] (followed by many ])
* '']'' (1981) by ]
* '']'' (1982)
* '']'' (1983) by ]
* '']'' (1987) by ]
* '']'' (1987) M
* '']'' (1987) by ]
* '']'' (1987) by ]


The following list of ]s is not to be considered an authoritative, comprehensive listing of all such games; rather, it is intended to represent a wide range of game styles and genres presented using the text mode display and their evolution across a long period.
:M denotes the game is a ] (Multi-User Dungeon).


==On mainframe computers==
==On ]==
Years listed are those in which ] and others are believed to have originally appeared. Often these games were continually modified and played as a succession of versions for years after their initial posting. (For purposes of this list, ]s are considered mainframes, in contrast to microcomputers, which are not.)


{|class="wikitable sortable"
* '']'' series (]-1989, 2000) by ] of ]
|-
* '']'' series (]-) by Tim Anderson, Marc Blank, Bruce Daniels and Dave Lebling
!Title!!Year Created!!Creator!!Notes
* ''] (]) by ] of ]
|-
* '']'' (]) for ]
| ''BBC''||1961||]||Baseball simulator
* '']'' (]) by ] and ] of ]
|-
* '']'' (]), ]
| '']''||1964||], William McKay||The first ] game.
* '']'' (1983) P
|-
* '']'' (]), ] of ] and ] for ]
| Unnamed American football game<ref name="dtss196810">{{cite journal | url=http://dtss.dartmouth.edu/sciencearticle/index.html | title=Dartmouth Time-Sharing | author1=Kemeny, John G. | author2=Kurtz, Thomas E. | journal=Science | date=11 October 1968 | volume=162 | issue=3850 | pages=223–228 | doi=10.1126/science.162.3850.223 | pmid=5675464 | bibcode=1968Sci...162..223K | url-status=live | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304221336/http://dtss.dartmouth.edu/sciencearticle/index.html | archivedate=4 March 2016 }}</ref>||1968 or before||Unknown||For the ]. One of "many games" in library of 500 programs.
* '']'' (]), ]
|-
* '']'' (]) by ] and ] of ]
| '']''||1968||Doug Dyment||AKA ''Hamurabi''
* '']'' (]) by ] for ]
|-
* '']'' (]) by ] and ] for ]
| ''Highnoon''||1970||Christopher Gaylo||
* '']'' (]) by ] of ]
|-
* '']'' (]) by ] for ]
| '']''||1971||]||
* '']'' (]) by ] for Synapse
|-
* '']'' (]) by ] for Synapse
| '']''||1971||]||
* '']'' (]) by ] and ] of ]
|-
* '']'' (]) by ], the only text adventure ever published by ]
* '']'' (]) by ] | '']'' (strategy game)||1971||]||
|-
* '']'' (]) by ] of ]
| '']'' (script game)||1972||Don Daglow||
* '']'' (]) by ] for ]
|-
* '']'' (]) by ] for ]
| '']''||1973||]||
* '']'' (]) by ] for ] B
|-
* '']'' (]) by ] and ]
| '']''||1973||William K. Char, Perry Lee, and Dan Gee||
* '''' (]-)
|-
* ''] (]) for ]
| '']''||1973||Charles Buttrey||
* '']'' (]) by ] B
|-
* '']'' (]) by ]
* '']'' (]) by ] | '']''||1974||]||
|-
* '']'' (]) by ] of ]
| '']''||1975||] and Ray Wood||
* '']'' (])
|-
* '']'' (]) by ] and ] for ]
| '']''||1975||Don Daglow||
* '']'' (1993) P
|-
* '']'' (]) by ]
* '']'' (]) by ] | '']''||1976||]||The original ]
|-
* '']'' (]) by ] 1~
| '']''||1976||Vince Talbot||
* '']'' (]) by ]
|-
* '']'' (]) by ] 1~
| '']''||1977||]||
* '']'' (]) by ] 1
|-
* '']'' (]) by ]
| '']''||1977||Bill Wolpert||
* '']'' (]) by ]
|-
* '']'' (]) by ] 1
* '']'' (]) by ] of ] | '']''||1977||], ], ] and ]||
|-
* '']'' (]) by ] 1
| ''Acheton''||1978||], David Seal and ]||] originally hosted on ]'s ] mainframe
* '']'' (]) by ]
|-
* '']'' (]) by ]
| '']''||1978||Hysick, Bob and Potter, Jeff||
* '']'' (]) by ]
|-
* ''Winter Wonderland'' (]) by ] 1
| '']''||1978||] and ]||The first multi-user dungeon. See ] for later examples.
* '']'' (]) by ]
|-
* '']'' (]) by ]
* '']'' (]) | '']''||1979||]||
|-
* '']'' (]) by ]
| ''Brand X''||1979||] and ]||AKA ''Philosopher's Quest''
* '']'' (]) by ] 1
|-
* '']'' (]) by ] 1
| '']''||1979||]||
* '']'' (]) by ] 1
|-
* '']'' (]-???)
* '']'' (]) by ] | '']''||1979||] and ]||
|-
* '']'' (]) ] and ] 1
* '']'' (]) by ] | '']''||1979||]||
|-
* '']'' (]) by ] 1
| '']''||1980||] and ]||Text based adventure game
* '']'' (]) by ] 1
|-
| '']''||1980||], ] and ]||
|-
| '']''||1980||]||] originally hosted on ]'s ] mainframe
|-
| '']''||1980||]||] originally hosted on ]'s ] mainframe
|-
| ''Quondam''||1980||Rod Underwood||] originally hosted on ]'s ] mainframe
|-
| '']''||1980||Michael Toy, Glenn Wichman, and ]||
|-
| '']''||1981||]||Based on '']''
|-
| ''Star Trader''||1982||], Kevin Ryan, ], ], and James Walters||A space game originally hosted on ]'s mainframe computer
|-
| '']''||1983||]||]an ] originally hosted on ]'s ] mainframe
|-
| '']''||1983||]||
|-
| '']''||1983||]||
|-
| '']''||1986||]||] originally hosted on ]'s ] mainframe
|-
| '']''||1987||]||] originally hosted on ]'s ] mainframe
|-
| '']''||1987||]||
|-
| '']''||1987||]||] originally hosted on ]'s ] mainframe
|-
| ''Spycatcher''||1989||] and ]||] originally hosted on ]'s ] mainframe; released commercially by ] as '']''
|-
|}


==On personal computers==
:P denotes a play-by-e-mail game played on-line
:B denotes a BBS door game played on-line
:1 denotes a 1st prize placing in the annual ].
:1~ denotes a 1st prize placing in one of the two categories in the segregated-by-programming-language 1st annual Interactive Fiction Competition, a policy discontinued the following year.


===Commercial text adventure games===
The currently contains a far more comprehensive list of text adventure games and related materials, while the site contains a great deal of information on and downloads of games that use text for illustrative rather than descriptive purposes. The page at , while uneven in its coverage, is nonetheless preeminent in its documentation of these early games.
These are commercial ] games played offline.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Title!!Year Created!!Creator!!Notes
|-
| '']''||1978||] of ]||series
|-
| '']''||1980||Tim Anderson, Marc Blank, Bruce Daniels and Dave Lebling||series
|-
| '']''||1980||] of ]||
|-
| '']''||1981||]||
|-
| '']''||1981||for ]||
|-
| '']''||1982||] and ] of ]||
|-
| '']''||1983||Legend||
|-
| '']''||1983||]||
|-
| '']''||1983||]||
|-
| '']''||1983||Nicolas van Dyk of ]||
|-
| '']''||1983||] of ] and ] for ]||
|-
| '']''||1984||] of ]||Music band simulator for the ]
|-
| '']''||1984||]||
|-
| '']''||1984||] and ] of ]||
|-
| '']''||1984||] for ]||
|-
| '']''||1984||] and ] for ]||
|-
| '']''||1985||]||
|-
| '']''||1985||] of ]||
|-
| '']''||1985||] for ]||
|-
| '']''||1985||] for Synapse||
|-
| '']''||1985||] and ] for ]||
|-
| '']''||1985||]||
|-
| '']''||1985||]||
|-
| '']''||1986||]||
|-
| '']''||1986||] for Synapse||
|-
| '']''||1986||] and ] for ]||
|-
| '']''||1987||]||The only entirely non-graphical text adventure ever published by ]
|-
| '']''||1987|| ||
|-
| '']''||1987||] and ] for ]||
|-
| '']''||1987||]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/EnchantedCastleR3SW2000MichaelR.WilkAdventureInteractiveFiction|title=Enchanted Castle|last=Michael R. Wilk|date=1 January 1987|publisher=|via=Internet Archive}}</ref>||
|-
| '']''||1987||]||
|-
| '']''||1987||]||
|-
| '']''||1987||] for ]||
|-
| '']''||1987||] for ]||
|-
| '']''||1987||]||
|-
| '']''||1987||]||
|-
| '']''||1987||]||
|-
| '']''||1988||]||
|-
| '']''||1988||]||
|-
| '']''||1988||]||
|-
| '']''||1988||] and ]||
|-
| '']''||1989||]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.avalon-rpg.com/|title=Online RPG Game - Avalon - Text Based Games|first=Avalon, The Legend|last=Lives|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151205233853/http://www.avalon-rpg.com/|archivedate=2015-12-05}}</ref>||A ], notable for its pioneering introduction of various innovations such as plotted quests, real estate, banking and distinct skills <ref>{{cite web|url=http://mud.co.uk/richard/imucg4.htm|title=Richard A. Bartle: Reviews - UK|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151228220559/http://mud.co.uk/richard/imucg4.htm|archivedate=2015-12-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://mud.co.uk/dvw/index.html|title=Designing Virtual Worlds|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118103355/http://mud.co.uk/dvw/index.html|archivedate=2015-11-18}}</ref>
|-
| '']''||1989||for ]||
|-
| '']''||1990||]||
|-
| ''Islands of Danger''||1990||]||
|-
| '']''||1991||]||
|-
| '']''||1992||Jonathan Partington and ] for ]||
|}

===Miscellaneous games===
{|class="wikitable"
!Title!!Year Created!!Creator!!Notes
|-
| '']''||1978||]||
|-
| '']''||1982||]||'']'' clone for ].
|-
| '']''||1982||]||'']'' clone for Kaypro.
|-
| '']''||1982||]||'']'' clone for Kaypro.
|-
| '']''||1982||Bert Kersey, ]||
|-
| '']''||1983||]||
|-
| '']''||1983||]||
|-
| '']''||1984||Dan Baker, Alan Brown, Mark Hamilton and Derrick Shadel||
|-
| '']''||1987||] of ]||
|-
| '']''||1987||] of ]||
|-
| '']''||1991||] of ]||
|-
| '']''||1993||]||
|-
| '']''||1994||] of ]||Supports editing the character set to allow for more advanced graphical capabilities than most text mode games.
|-
| '']''||1995||]||
|-
| '']''||1999|| ||
|-
| ''PAEE''||1999||]||
|-
| ''For a Change''||1999||]||
|-
| ''Shade''||2000||]||
|-
| ''Shrapnel''||2000||]||
|}

==Online games==

===Play-by-email games===
These are ] games played online.
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Title!!Year Created!!Creator
|-
| '']''||1983||
|-
| '']''||1989||
|-
| '']''||1993||
|-
| '']''||1996||
|}

===BBS door games===
These are ] games played online.
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Title!!Year Created!!Creator
|-
| '']''||1987||] for ]
|-
| '']''||1989||]
|}

{{See also|Category:Door games}}

===MUDs===

{{For|MUDs|Chronology of MUDs}}

===Text-Based Browser Multiplayer Games===
''] (2003) is'' played in a web browser and involves multiplayer components: it is based mainly around text and has very limited graphical elements.


==See also== ==See also==
*]
* ]

* ]
==References==
* ]
{{Reflist}}
* ]


]
{{listdev}}
]
] ]

Latest revision as of 03:15, 16 November 2024

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources: "List of text-based computer games" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

The following list of text-based games is not to be considered an authoritative, comprehensive listing of all such games; rather, it is intended to represent a wide range of game styles and genres presented using the text mode display and their evolution across a long period.

On mainframe computers

Years listed are those in which early mainframe games and others are believed to have originally appeared. Often these games were continually modified and played as a succession of versions for years after their initial posting. (For purposes of this list, minicomputers are considered mainframes, in contrast to microcomputers, which are not.)

Title Year Created Creator Notes
BBC 1961 John Burgeson Baseball simulator
The Sumerian Game 1964 Mabel Addis, William McKay The first edutainment game.
Unnamed American football game 1968 or before Unknown For the Dartmouth Time-Sharing System. One of "many games" in library of 500 programs.
The Sumer Game 1968 Doug Dyment AKA Hamurabi
Highnoon 1970 Christopher Gaylo
Baseball 1971 Don Daglow
Oregon Trail 1971 Don Rawitsch
Star Trek (strategy game) 1971 Mike Mayfield
Star Trek (script game) 1972 Don Daglow
Hunt the Wumpus 1973 Gregory Yob
TREK73 1973 William K. Char, Perry Lee, and Dan Gee
Cornell U. Hockey 1973 Charles Buttrey
Wander 1974 Peter Langston
dnd 1975 Gary Whisenhunt and Ray Wood
Dungeon 1975 Don Daglow
Colossal Cave Adventure 1976 Will Crowther The original adventure game
Dukedom 1976 Vince Talbot
Empire 1977 Walter Bright
Mystery Mansion 1977 Bill Wolpert
Zork 1977 Tim Anderson, Marc Blank, Bruce Daniels and Dave Lebling
Acheton 1978 Jon Thackray, David Seal and Jonathan Partington Adventure game originally hosted on Cambridge University's Phoenix mainframe
Decwar 1978 Hysick, Bob and Potter, Jeff
MUD 1978 Roy Trubshaw and Richard Bartle The first multi-user dungeon. See List of MUDs for later examples.
Battlestar 1979 David Riggle
Brand X 1979 Peter Killworth and Jonathan Mestel AKA Philosopher's Quest
HAUNT 1979 John Laird
Martian Adventure 1979 Brad Templeton and Kieran Carroll
New Adventure 1979 Mark Niemiec
FisK 1980 John Sobotik and Richard Beigel Text based adventure game
Hezarin 1980 Steve Tinney, Alex Shipp and Jon Thackray
Kingdom of Hamil 1980 Jonathan Partington Adventure game originally hosted on Cambridge University's Phoenix mainframe
Monsters of Murdac 1980 Jonathan Partington Adventure game originally hosted on Cambridge University's Phoenix mainframe
Quondam 1980 Rod Underwood Adventure game originally hosted on Cambridge University's Phoenix mainframe
Rogue 1980 Michael Toy, Glenn Wichman, and Ken Arnold
LORD 1981 Olli J. Paavola Based on The Lord of the Rings
Star Trader 1982 Bretten Au, Kevin Ryan, Kent Beck, Ron Lumsden, and James Walters A space game originally hosted on University of Oregon's mainframe computer
Avon 1983 Jonathan Partington Shakespearean adventure game originally hosted on Cambridge University's Phoenix mainframe
Castle 1983 Barry Wilks
Dunnet 1983 Ron Schnell
Fyleet 1986 Jonathan Partington Adventure game originally hosted on Cambridge University's Phoenix mainframe
Crobe 1987 Jonathan Partington Adventure game originally hosted on Cambridge University's Phoenix mainframe
Nidus 1987 Adam Atkinson
Quest of the Sangraal 1987 Jonathan Partington Adventure game originally hosted on Cambridge University's Phoenix mainframe
Spycatcher 1989 Jonathan Partington and Jon Thackray Adventure game originally hosted on Cambridge University's Phoenix mainframe; released commercially by Topologika Software as Spy Snatcher

On personal computers

Commercial text adventure games

These are commercial interactive fiction games played offline.

Title Year Created Creator Notes
Adventureland 1978 Scott Adams of Adventure International series
Zork I: The Great Underground Empire 1980 Tim Anderson, Marc Blank, Bruce Daniels and Dave Lebling series
C.I.A Adventure 1980 Hugh Lampert of CLOAD
Softporn Adventure 1981 On-Line Systems
Madness and the Minotaur 1981 for Spectral Associates
The Hobbit 1982 Philip Mitchell and Veronika Megler of Beam Software
Valhalla 1983 Legend
Time and Magik 1983 Level 9
Forbidden Quest 1983 Pryority Software
Valley of the Minotaur 1983 Nicolas van Dyk of Softalk
The Wizard of Akyrz 1983 Brian Howarth of Mysterious Adventures and Cliff J. Ogden for Adventure International
The Biz 1984 Chris Sievey of Virgin Games Music band simulator for the ZX Spectrum
High Stakes 1984 Angelsoft
The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy 1984 Douglas Adams and Steve Meretzky of Infocom
Mindwheel 1984 Robert Pinsky for Synapse Software
Zyll 1984 Marshal W. Linder and Scott B. Edwards for IBM
The Pawn 1985 Magnetic Scrolls
A Mind Forever Voyaging 1985 Steve Meretzky of Infocom
Brimstone 1985 James Paul for Synapse
Essex 1985 Bill Darrah for Synapse
Hampstead 1985 Peter Jones and Trevor Lever for Melbourne House
Bored of the Rings 1985 Delta 4
Mind Wheel 1985 Brøderbund Software
Heavy on the Magick 1986 Gargoyle Games
Breakers 1986 Rodney R. Smith for Synapse
Terrormolinos 1986 Peter Jones and Trevor Lever for Melbourne House
Amnesia 1987 Thomas M. Disch The only entirely non-graphical text adventure ever published by Electronic Arts
Braminar 1987
Dodgy Geezers 1987 Peter Jones and Trevor Lever for Melbourne House
Enchanted Castle 1987 Michael R. Wilk
Gnome Ranger 1987 Level 9
Jacaranda Jim 1987 Graham Cluley
Nord and Bert Couldn't Make Head or Tail of It 1987 Jeff O'Neill for Infocom
Sherlock: The Riddle of the Crown Jewels 1987 Bob Bates for Infocom
Shadows of Mordor 1987 Melbourne House
Knight Orc 1987 Level 9
The Guild of Thieves 1987 Magnetic Scrolls
Fish! 1988 Magnetic Scrolls
Ingrid's Back 1988 Level 9
Corruption 1988 Magnetic Scrolls
Dr. Dumont's Wild P.A.R.T.I. 1988 Michael and Muffy Berlyn
Avalon 1989 Yehuda Simmons A MUD, notable for its pioneering introduction of various innovations such as plotted quests, real estate, banking and distinct skills
The Hound of Shadow 1989 for Eldritch Games
Humbug 1990 Graham Cluley
Islands of Danger 1990 Carr Software
Danger! Adventurer at Work! 1991 Simon Avery
Spy Snatcher 1992 Jonathan Partington and Jonathan Thackray for Topologika

Miscellaneous games

Title Year Created Creator Notes
Wizard's Castle 1978 Joseph R. Power
Aliens 1982 Yahoo Software Space Invaders clone for Kaypro.
CatChum 1982 Yahoo Software Pac-Man clone for Kaypro.
Ladder 1982 Yahoo Software Donkey Kong clone for Kaypro.
Text Train 1982 Bert Kersey, Beagle Bros Software
Snipes 1983 SuperSet
Sleuth 1983 Eric N. Miller
Beast 1984 Dan Baker, Alan Brown, Mark Hamilton and Derrick Shadel
Kingdom of Kroz 1987 Scott Miller of Apogee Software
Mtrek 1987 Chuck Peterson of UCSC
ZZT 1991 Tim Sweeney of Epic MegaGames
Curses! 1993 Graham Nelson
MegaZeux 1994 Alexis Janson of Software Visions Supports editing the character set to allow for more advanced graphical capabilities than most text mode games.
Jigsaw 1995 Graham Nelson
Chibot Ultra Battle 1999
PAEE 1999 Enrique D. Bosch
For a Change 1999 Dan Schmidt
Shade 2000 Andrew Plotkin
Shrapnel 2000 Adam Cadre

Online games

Play-by-email games

These are play-by-email games played online.

Title Year Created Creator
Lords of the Earth 1983
Quantum Space 1989
Atlantis PbeM 1993
Eressea PbeM 1996

BBS door games

These are BBS door games played online.

Title Year Created Creator
TradeWars 2002 1987 Gary Martin for Martech Software
Legend of the Red Dragon 1989 Seth Able Robinson
See also: Category:Door games

MUDs

For MUDs, see Chronology of MUDs.

Text-Based Browser Multiplayer Games

Torn City (2003) is played in a web browser and involves multiplayer components: it is based mainly around text and has very limited graphical elements.

See also

References

  1. Kemeny, John G.; Kurtz, Thomas E. (11 October 1968). "Dartmouth Time-Sharing". Science. 162 (3850): 223–228. Bibcode:1968Sci...162..223K. doi:10.1126/science.162.3850.223. PMID 5675464. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
  2. Michael R. Wilk (1 January 1987). "Enchanted Castle" – via Internet Archive.
  3. Lives, Avalon, The Legend. "Online RPG Game - Avalon - Text Based Games". Archived from the original on 2015-12-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. "Richard A. Bartle: Reviews - UK". Archived from the original on 2015-12-28.
  5. "Designing Virtual Worlds". Archived from the original on 2015-11-18.
Categories: