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{{short description|Art or science of measuring time}}
{{more citations needed|date=November 2011}}
'''Horology''' ("the study of time", related to ] ''horologium'' from ] {{lang|grc|ὡρολόγιον}}, "instrument for telling the hour", from {{lang|grc|]}} ''hṓra'' "hour; time" and -o- ] and suffix ''-logy'')<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=horology&allowed_in_frame=0|title=horology |publisher=]}}</ref><ref>{{LSJ|w(rolo/gion|ὡρολόγιον}}, {{LSJ|w(/ra2|ὥρα|ref}}.</ref> is the study of the measurement of ]. ]s, ], ], ]s, hourglasses, ], ]s, ]s, ]s, and ]s are all examples of ]s used to measure ]. In current usage, horology refers mainly to the study of mechanical time-keeping devices, while ] more broadly includes electronic devices that have largely supplanted mechanical clocks for the best accuracy and precision in time-keeping.


{{Short description|Art or science of measuring time}}
People interested in horology are called ''horologists''. That term is used both by people who deal professionally with timekeeping apparatus (watchmakers, clockmakers), as well as ] and scholars of horology. Horology and horologists have numerous organizations, both professional associations and more scholarly societies. The largest horological membership organisation globally is the NAWCC, the National Association of Watch and Clock Collectors, which is USA based, but also has local chapters elsewhere.


{{R from merge}}
== Museums and libraries ==
{{R to synonym}}
], ], ]]]

There are many horology museums and several specialized libraries devoted to the subject. One example is the ], which is also the source of the ] (] 0° 0' 0"), and the home of the first marine timekeepers accurate enough to determine longitude (made by ]). Other horological museums in the London area include the ], which re-opened at the Science Museum in October 2015, the horological collections at the ], the ], and the ].

In Upton, UK, at the headquarters of the ], there is the .

One of the more comprehensive museums dedicated to horology is the ] in ] (Switzerland). The ] is smaller but located nearby. One of the better horological museums in Germany is the ] in ], in the ]. The two leading specialised horological museums in North America are the ] in ] and the ] in ].

The eastern French city of ] has the Musée du Temps (Museum of Time) in the historic Palais Grenvelle.

An example of a museum devoted to one particular type of clock is the ] in the UK, which hosts the world's largest collection of antique ]s.

One of the most comprehensive horological libraries open to the public is the ] in ]. Other good horological libraries providing public access are at the ] in Switzerland, at the ] in Germany, and at the ] in ].

Another museum dedicated to clocks is the ] in ].

== Organizations ==
Notable scholarly horological organizations include:
* ] – AWCI (United States of America)
* ] – AHS (United Kingdom)
* ] – BHI (United Kingdom)
* ] (Switzerland)
* ] – DGC (Germany)
* – HSNY (United States of America)
* ] – NAWCC (United States of America)
* - UK Clock & Watch Company based in bristol

== World exhibitions ==
* ]
* Geneva Time Exhibition
* Salon International de la Haute Horlogerie (SIHH)

==Glossary==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Term !! Explanation
|-
! Chablon
| French term for a ] (not including the dial and hands), that is not completely assembled.
|-
! Ébauche
| French term (commonly used in English-speaking countries) for a movement blank, i.e., an incomplete watch movement sold as a set of loose parts—comprising the main plate, bridges, train, winding and setting mechanism, and regulator. The timing system, escapement, and mainspring, however, are not parts of the ébauche.
|-
! Établissage
| French term for the method of manufacturing watches or movements by assembling their various components. It generally includes the following operations: receipt, inspection and stocking of the "ébauche", the regulating elements and the other parts of the movement and of the make-up; assembling; springing and timing; fitting the dial and hands; casing; final inspection before packing and dispatching.
|-
! Établisseur
| French term for a watch factory that assembles watches from components it buys from other suppliers.
|-
! Factory, works
| In the Swiss watch industry, the term manufacture is used of a factory that manufacturers watches almost completely, as distinct from an ''atelier de terminage'', which only assembles, times, and fits hands and casing.
|-
! Manufacture d'horlogerie
| French term for a watch factory that produces components (particularly the "ébauche") for its products (watches, alarm and desk clocks, etc.).
|-
! Terminage
| French term denoting the process of assembling watch parts for the account of a producer.
|-
! Termineur
| French term for an independent watchmaker (or workshop) engaged in assembling watches, either wholly or in part, for the account of an "établisseur" or a "manufacture", who supply the necessary loose parts. See "atelier de terminage" above.
|}

==See also==
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
*

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==
{{Wiktionary|horology}}
{{commons category}}
* ], , 1903, from ]
* Berner, G.A., , ] FH 1961 - 2012
* Daniels, George, , London: Philip Wilson Publishers, 1981 (reprinted June 15, 2011)
* Grafton, Edward, , London: Aylett and Jones, 1849
* Perman, Stacy, , Atria Books (Simon & Schuster), February 2013. {{ISBN|9781439190081}}

{{Time Topics}}
{{Time measurement and standards}}
{{Christiaan Huygens}}


] ]

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