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| {{Short description|Subgenre of drum and bass}} | |||
| {{genrebox|name=Neurofunk | |||
| {{More citations needed|date=December 2008}} | |||
| |color=silver | |||
| |bgcolor=black | |||
| {{Infobox music genre | |||
| |stylistic_origins=], ], ], ], ], ], ] | |||
| | name = Neurofunk | |||
| |cultural_origins=late-], ], ], ], ] | |||
| | stylistic_origins = {{hlist|]|]|]|]|]|]|]||]}} | |||
| |instruments=] - ] - ] - ] - ] - ] - ] | |||
| | cultural_origins = Late 1990s, United Kingdom | |||
| |popularity=Small | |||
| |derivatives= | | derivatives = ] | ||
| |subgenrelist |
| subgenrelist = | ||
| |subgenres= |
| subgenres = | ||
| |fusiongenres= | | fusiongenres = Neurohop | ||
| |regional_scenes= | | regional_scenes = | ||
| |other_topics=] |
| other_topics = {{hlist|]|]}} | ||
| }} | }} | ||
| '''Neurofunk''' (also known informally as '''neuro''') is a dark subgenre of ] which emerged between 1997 and 1998 in ], ] as a ] of ]. | |||
| {{unsourced}} | |||
| {{cleanup-date|August 2006}} | |||
| '''Neurofunk''' (commonly abbreviated '''neuro''') is a ] of ] pioneered by ] ], ], ], and ]/] ] circa ]/] in ], ] as a ] of ]. It was further developed by ] elements of heavier and darker forms of ] with multiple influences ranging from ], ] and ], characterized by consecutive ]s over the ] and ] structured by razor-] ]s where overall, highly nuanced ] atmospheric ] is prominent. The ] sound of the early evolution of Neurofunk - diverging from its ] counterpart - at its most creative period which defined the style, can be heard in the essential live mix by Ed Rush & Optical for ] (1998). | |||
| It was further developed by juxtaposing elements of darker, heavier, and harder forms of ] with multiple influences ranging from ], ] and ], distinguished by consecutive ] over the ]; razor-sharp ]; scarce or nonexistent traditional melodies; a hyper focus on sub sound design; the use of modulated, distorted and filtered ]s and audio capture from ] such as the ] and ]. | |||
| ==Continuity== | |||
| Since the early experimental stages of Neurofunk when producer Optical defined the subgenre with his seminal "To shape the future" (]/1997) ], producers ], ] and ] & ] took the ] approach to ] in ] with emphasis on colder, precision ] ], harder ]s over the ] and sharper ]s - another influence on some subtle changes of sound over the years, were the continuous developments of music production ] and ] equipment - with further, stripped-down style of innovations in ] by producers ], ] , ] and ]. Producer ] however, mostly focused on complex horn ]s of the ] era in Jazz yet maintaining the ], ] aspects of classic Neurofunk ] in his music. | |||
| ==Lyrical Content== | |||
| As an ]/], ] personalized Neurofunk as an integral member of Ed Rush & Optical's live sets and studio productions. His abstract lyrical flow and ] manifestations - in contrast to his ] production skills - can be heard on Neurofunk classics such as "]" (co-produced by Ed Rush & Optical) and "Fastlane" (produced by ] & ]). His original lyrical style was influental on Neurofunk´s second-wave MC´s, most notable on ] ]´s (ex-Sinthetix), chopped-up spoken word roundabout drawing parallels to Ryme tyme´s poetic impact. Ryme tyme´s ] tune "We Enter" - his original solo version and the ] remixes - further composed Neurofunk as an ] to ] along with "Payback parts I & II" (solo production), "Lightsleeper" (co-produced by ] & ]), "Fever" (co-produced by ]), and "Dose" (co-produced by ]). | |||
| == History == | == History == | ||
| The first ] of neurofunk emerged from ] within the larger musical genre of ] and ] during the late nineties. Techstep garnered a name for itself during the mid-nineties when ] (especially in the UK) was dying out, and amassed popularity quickly.{{citation needed|date=March 2021}} | |||
| No one truly knows where the term "Neurofunk" originated but one first reference is a mention in the book ''Energy Flash'' by British music critic ] (ISBN 0-330-35056-0), a history of ] and ] culture. According to Simon Reynolds' perspective, "Neurofunk is the fun-free culmination of ]´s strategy of ']': the eroticization of anxiety." | |||
| Neurofunk's early evolution – when diverging from techstep – can be heard on ] and ]'s ''Funktion'' (1997) single for ],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.discogs.com/master/50655-Ed-Rush-Optical-Funktion-Naked-Lunch|title=Ed Rush & Optical - Funktion / Naked Lunch|website=Discogs.com|access-date=30 December 2021}}</ref> as well as on their first album '']'' (1998) for Virus Recordings.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.discogs.com/label/275-Virus-Recordings|title=Virus Recordings|website=Discogs.com|access-date=30 December 2021}}</ref> | |||
| The history of Neurofunk - besides the subgenre being a ] of ] - can be traced back to the late ]´s to mid ]´s period of ] ] when he fused ], ] and ] rhythms while switching his trumpet on to ] and ]s giving an intense and ] sound effect to it. His drummers - most often in the case of ] - made use of ]s and the ] technique in interaction with a ] of dark trumpet ] and ] driven ] of heavy Rock guitar rhythmic ]s, improvised Jazz ]s and thick Funk ]s, pioneering a new ] of electric ] induced, ] dance music. | |||
| The first known mention of the term was in the book ''Energy Flash: A Journey Through Rave Music and Dance Culture'' (1998) by ].<ref name="Reynolds">] (1998). ''Energy Flash: A Journey Through Rave Music and Dance Culture''. (Picador, {{ISBN|0-330-35056-0}}) ({{cite web | url=http://www.seattlednb.com/forum/showthread.php?t=1573 | title=excerpt | access-date=22 May 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716025827/http://www.seattlednb.com/forum/showthread.php?1573-Techstep-Neurofunk-Pychology | archive-date=16 July 2011 | url-status=dead }})</ref> This is where the ] music critic coined the name as a result of his personal perception of stylistic shifts in techstep – ]s replacing ]s, funk ] replacing ] ]s, and lack of emphasis on the ]: <blockquote>"(Neurofunk) is the fun-free culmination of jungle's strategy of cultural resistance: the eroticization of anxiety."<ref name="Reynolds" /></blockquote> | |||
| ]' seminal albums from this period, ] (]), stated by ] as an influence on his work, ] (]), and ] (]) were clearly not the breeding ground for drum and bass driven Neurofunk. Some of the tracks by ] which can best translate the foundations of early Neurofunk are 'Black Satin' from ] and 'Rated X' from ]. | |||
| ==References== | |||
| Another influence on the early Neurofunk sound of ] stated by ], was visionary ] ] complex ] techniques and experimentations for ] and ] during their early to late 1970's period when he re-defined ] as an advanced, conceptual form of music by incorporating the skills of ] musicans such as ] and ], while using the idea of long range instrumentals as tools for his ], ] influenced ]. | |||
| {{Reflist}} | |||
| {{Funkmusic}} | |||
| Pioneering Funk ], ] played on many of George Clinton´s ]´s ] during this period - using the ] as a lead instrument rather than as standard back-up for guitar and drums - creating a new, | |||
| ], heavy low-end bass sound which ] for future ] such as ], ] and ]. | |||
| These styles initiated by Miles Davis and Funkadelic are considered to be some of the main sources for emerging new sounds from the Funk related ] and by a far extension, the early foundations of Neurofunk. | |||
| == Signature Recordings (1997-2000) == | |||
| * To Shape the Future - Optical (Metalheadz Records/1997) | |||
| * Where´s Jack the Ripper - Grooverider (co-written & produced by Optical/Sony Music/1998) | |||
| * We Enter (Optical Remixes) - Ryme tyme (No U-Turn Recordings/1998) | |||
| * Bluesy Baby (Ed rush & Optical Remix) - Ram Jam World (Higher Education Records/1998) | |||
| * Funktion - Ed rush & Optical (V Recordings/1998) | |||
| * Compound - Ed Rush & Optical (Virus Recordings/1998) | |||
| * Gas Mask - Ed Rush & Optical (Virus Recordings/1999) | |||
| * Medicine (Matrix Remix) - Ed Rush & Optical (Virus Recordings/1999) | |||
| * Serum (Matrix Remix) - Outfit (Metro Recordings/1999) | |||
| * Roadblock - Konflict (Renegade Hardware/1999) | |||
| * Can't Punish Me - Dom & Roland (Moving Shadow/1999) | |||
| * Climate - Matrix & Fierce (Metro Recordings/2000) | |||
| * Bleed - Kemal (Negative/2000) | |||
| * Phone Call (Matrix Remix) - Klute (Certificate 18 Records/2000) | |||
| * Fever - Ryme tyme & Younghead (1210 Recordings/2000) | |||
| * Payback (Parts I & II) - Ryme tyme (DSCI4 Records/2000) | |||
| * Coma - Bad Company (DSCI4 Records/2000) | |||
| * Animation - Kemal & Rob Data (Architechture/2000) | |||
| * Nitrous - Bad Company & DJ Trace (Bad Company Recordings/2000) | |||
| == Signature Recordings (2001-2006) == | |||
| * Gene Sequence - Kemal & Rob Data (Negative Recordings/2001) | |||
| * Resurrection - Ed Rush, Optical & Ryme tyme (Virus Recordings/2001) | |||
| * Mutationz (Part 3) - Kemal (DSCI4/2001) | |||
| * Gateway - Sinthetix (No U-Turn Records/2001) | |||
| * Kerbcrawler - Ed Rush & Optical (Virus Recordings/2001) | |||
| * Possession (Kemal & Rob Data Remix) - Faith In Chaos (Outbreak/2001) | |||
| * Get Hype - Stratus (Subtitles/2001) | |||
| * Pacman (Ram Trilogy Remix) - Ed Rush & Optical (Virus Recordings/2002) | |||
| * Ultraviolet - Sinthetix (Cryptic Audio/2002) | |||
| * Cryogenic - Sinthetix (DSCI4 Records/Spy Technologies Vol. I/2002) | |||
| * Contact - Silent Witness & Break (No U-Turn Records/2002) | |||
| * Lightsleeper - Matrix, Fierce & Ryme tyme (C4C Records/2002) | |||
| * Vapourspace - Cause 4 Concern (Metro Recordings/2002) | |||
| * Andromeda - Kiko (DSCI4 Records/2002) | |||
| * Astrocubic (Kemal Remix) - Typecell (Protogen Records/2003) | |||
| * Scorched Earth (Kemal Remix) - Optiv, Concord Dawn & Bulletproof (Cyanide Recordings/2003) | |||
| * Night Raiders - Skynet (Black Sun Empire/2004) | |||
| * Afterglow - Kemal & Dresden Codex (Cryptic Audio/2004) | |||
| * Rainman - Silent Witness & Break (Commercial Suicide Records/2005) | |||
| * Hot Rock - Phace (Subtitles Recordings/2005) | |||
| * Dose - Gridlok & Ryme Tyme (1210 Recordings/2006) | |||
| == Signature Albums == | |||
| * Mysteries of Funk - Grooverider (co-written & produced by Optical/Sony/1998) | |||
| * Wormhole - Ed Rush & Optical (Virus Recordings/1998) | |||
| * Sleepwalk - Matrix (Virus Recordings/1999) | |||
| * Level 1 - Metro Recordings (Singles compilation/Metro Recordings/2000) | |||
| * Clockwork LP - Stakka, Skynet, et al (Underfire/2001) | |||
| * The Creeps - Ed Rush & Optical (Virus Recordings/2001) | |||
| * 1210 - Ryme tyme (Singles compilation/1210 Recordings/2001) | |||
| * Gateway - Sinthetix (Singles Compilation/OHM Resistance/2006) | |||
| ==Signature Mixes == | |||
| * Ed Rush & Optical: essential live mix - Radio 1 (Smart Disc/Bootleg/1998) | |||
| * Optical: live P.A. at Future - Prototype Records event (London/1998) | |||
| * Sinthetix: live mix - Jungle Zone Radio (09/07/2002) | |||
| == External links == | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| {{Drum and bass-footer}} | {{Drum and bass-footer}} | ||
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Latest revision as of 13:21, 28 November 2024
Subgenre of drum and bass | This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Neurofunk" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
| Neurofunk | |
|---|---|
| Stylistic origins | |
| Cultural origins | Late 1990s, United Kingdom |
| Derivative forms | Glitch hop |
| Fusion genres | |
| Neurohop | |
| Other topics | |
Neurofunk (also known informally as neuro) is a dark subgenre of drum and bass which emerged between 1997 and 1998 in London, England as a progression of techstep.
It was further developed by juxtaposing elements of darker, heavier, and harder forms of funk with multiple influences ranging from techno, house and jazz, distinguished by consecutive stabs over the bassline; razor-sharp backbeats; scarce or nonexistent traditional melodies; a hyper focus on sub sound design; the use of modulated, distorted and filtered synthesizers and audio capture from samplers such as the Akai S1000 and Emu E6400.
History
The first sounds of neurofunk emerged from techstep within the larger musical genre of drum and bass and jungle during the late nineties. Techstep garnered a name for itself during the mid-nineties when rave (especially in the UK) was dying out, and amassed popularity quickly.
Neurofunk's early evolution – when diverging from techstep – can be heard on Ed Rush and Optical's Funktion (1997) single for V Recordings, as well as on their first album Wormhole (1998) for Virus Recordings.
The first known mention of the term was in the book Energy Flash: A Journey Through Rave Music and Dance Culture (1998) by Simon Reynolds. This is where the English music critic coined the name as a result of his personal perception of stylistic shifts in techstep – backbeats replacing breakbeats, funk harmonies replacing industrial timbres, and lack of emphasis on the drop:
"(Neurofunk) is the fun-free culmination of jungle's strategy of cultural resistance: the eroticization of anxiety."
References
- "Ed Rush & Optical - Funktion / Naked Lunch". Discogs.com. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
- "Virus Recordings". Discogs.com. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
- ^ Reynolds, Simon (1998). Energy Flash: A Journey Through Rave Music and Dance Culture. (Picador, ISBN 0-330-35056-0) ("excerpt". Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 22 May 2021.)
| Funk music | |
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| Related | |
| Drum and bass | |
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