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{{Short description|Brazilian politician (born 1941)}} {{Short description|Brazilian politician (born 1941)}}
{{Portuguese name|Nagle|Gabeira}}
]
{{Infobox officeholder
⚫ '''Fernando Paulo Nagle Gabeira''' ({{IPA-pt|feʁˈnɐ̃du ɡaˈbejɾɐ}}; born February 17, 1941) is a Brazilian ], ] and ]. He was a federal ] for the State of ] from 1995 to 2011.
| name = Fernando Gabeira
| image = Fernando Gabeira 01.jpg
| office = Member of the ]
| term_start = 1 February 1995
| term_end = 1 February 2011
| constituency = ]
| birth_name = Fernando Paulo Nagle Gabeira
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1941|02|17|df=y}}
| birth_place = ], ], Brazil
| party = ] (1989–2002; 2003–present)
| otherparty = ] (1986–1989; 2002–2003)
| profession = Journalist
| children = 2, including ]
| known_for = ]
| relatives = ] (cousin)
| spouse = {{plainlist|
* {{Marriage|Yamê Reis|1983|1999|end=div}}
* {{Marriage|Neila Tavares|2005}}
}}
}}
⚫ '''Fernando Paulo Nagle Gabeira''' ({{IPA|pt-BR|feʁˈnɐ̃du ɡaˈbejɾɐ}}; born 17 February 1941) is a Brazilian ], ] and ]. He was a federal representative for the state of ] from 1995 to 2011.


He is best known for his ] ''O que é isso, companheiro?'' (] "What is this, comrade?") written in 1979. The book tells of the armed resistance to the ], and particularly describes the 1969 episode of the ] of the American ambassador ], in which Gabeira took part as a member of ], a group trying to fight the ] installed in Brazil five years prior. He is known for his 1979 ] ''O Que É Isso, Companheiro?'' (loosely translated,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://aceiteestamanga.wordpress.com/2010/07/13/o-que-e-isso-companheiro/ | title=O que é isso companheiro? | date=13 July 2010 }}</ref> ''What Was That, Man?''). The book tells of the armed resistance to the ], and describes the 1969 kidnapping of American ambassador ], in which Gabeira took part as a member of ], an armed group fighting the ] then ruling Brazil.


The book was made into a movie in 1997, titled '']'' in English. The movie was nominated for many awards, including an ] at the ] at the ]. The book was made into a movie in 1997, titled '']''. The movie was nominated for many awards, including an ] as ] at the ]. (Dutch film '']'' won the category.)


Because of his role in the kidnapping of the ambassador ], Gabeira was considered a terrorist<ref>{{Cite web |title=Folha de S.Paulo - EUA negarão visto para Gabeira ir à ONU (com foto) - 03/12/98 |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/brasil/fc03129813.htm |access-date=2022-11-07 |website=www1.folha.uol.com.br}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Militante da ALN, que sequestrou embaixador dos EUA, obtém visto |url=https://revistaforum.com.br/news/2012/2/8/militante-da-aln-que-sequestrou-embaixador-dos-eua-obtem-visto-3770.html |access-date=2022-11-07 |website=revistaforum.com.br |language=pt-BR}}</ref> and banned to enter the ] and ] until 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/poder/2008/10/456947-em-debate-paes-e-gabeira-admitem-ter-fumado-maconha-no-passado.shtml |title=Em debate, Paes e Gabeira admitem ter fumado maconha no passado |date=16 October 2008 |language=pt |trans-title=In debate, Paes and Gabeira admit to having smoked marijuana in the past |first=Andre |last=Zahar |website=www1.folha.uol.com.br}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://super.abril.com.br/superarquivo/1994/conteudo_114292.shtml |title=O incrível sequestro de Charles Elbrick - SUPERINTERESSANTE |accessdate=2009-10-21 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090312014730/http://super.abril.com.br/superarquivo/1994/conteudo_114292.shtml |archivedate=2009-03-12 }}</ref> Gabeira has asked for a visa revision three times, and was denied each time.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://tribunadonorte.com.br/noticia/ex-militante-recebe-visto-dos-estados-unidos/127907|title=Ex-militante recebe visto dos Estados Unidos|work=Tribuna do Norte|access-date=2018-07-11}}</ref> In a May 2009 interview with '']'', Gabeira said he was in error in kidnapping the American ambassador in 1969 and that he would never participate in such activity now. Because of his role in kidnapping its ambassador, the United States considered Gabeira to be a terrorist<ref>{{Cite web |title=Folha de S.Paulo - EUA negarão visto para Gabeira ir à ONU (com foto) - 03/12/98 |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/brasil/fc03129813.htm |access-date=2022-11-07 |website=www1.folha.uol.com.br}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Militante da ALN, que sequestrou embaixador dos EUA, obtém visto |url=https://revistaforum.com.br/news/2012/2/8/militante-da-aln-que-sequestrou-embaixador-dos-eua-obtem-visto-3770.html |access-date=2022-11-07 |website=revistaforum.com.br |date=8 February 2012 |language=pt-BR}}</ref> and refused him a visa to visit the United States.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/poder/2008/10/456947-em-debate-paes-e-gabeira-admitem-ter-fumado-maconha-no-passado.shtml |title=Em debate, Paes e Gabeira admitem ter fumado maconha no passado |date=16 October 2008 |language=pt |trans-title=In debate, Paes and Gabeira admit to having smoked marijuana in the past |first=Andre |last=Zahar |website=www1.folha.uol.com.br}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://super.abril.com.br/superarquivo/1994/conteudo_114292.shtml |title=O incrível sequestro de Charles Elbrick - SUPERINTERESSANTE |accessdate=2009-10-21 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090312014730/http://super.abril.com.br/superarquivo/1994/conteudo_114292.shtml |archivedate=2009-03-12 }}</ref> Over the years, Gabeira requested and was denied a visa three times.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://tribunadonorte.com.br/noticia/ex-militante-recebe-visto-dos-estados-unidos/127907|title=Ex-militante recebe visto dos Estados Unidos|work=Tribuna do Norte|access-date=2018-07-11}}</ref> In 1998, he declared a visa denial would speak not of him, but as a U.S. act against Brazilian sovereignty. '']'' reported that Gabeira's lack of contrition may have contributed to the continuing refusals.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/brasil/fc03129813.htm | title=Folha de S.Paulo - EUA negarão visto para Gabeira ir à ONU (Com foto) - 03/12/98 }}</ref> Years later, in a 2009 '']'' interview, Gabeira called the kidnapping a mistake, and acknowledged positive views of the United States, saying Brazil had much it could learn from and admire about the U.S.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://issuu.com/revistaragga/docs/maio2009 | title=Ragga #26 by Ragga - Issuu | date=13 May 2009 }}</ref>


== Biography == == Biography ==
Fernando Paulo Nagle Gabeira was born February 17, 1941, in ], ], to Lebanese immigrant parents.
Born February 17, 1941 in ], ], Fernando Gabeira was one of the founding members of the ], but left the group in 2002 to join the ]. He became known for his positions sometimes considered controversial on certain societal subjects, such as the professionalization of prostitution, ] and the ]. Recently he rejoined the Greens, due to his disappointment with ]'s government, and also because of the way the Worker's Party was dealing with its remaining members.

Gabeira started his journalism career young, contributing to magazines and newspapers in Juiz de Fora while still in high school. His interest in politics was evident from the start.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.fgv.br/cpdoc/acervo/dicionarios/verbete-biografico/fernando-paulo-nagle-gabeira | title=Fernando Paulo Nagle Gabeira }}</ref>

After a short stay in ] in the 1960s, Gabeira moved to Rio de Janeiro, where he worked for the '']'', a prominent ] newspaper. With the military coup in April 1964, Gabeira got involved in the armed resistance to the new regime.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.fgv.br/cpdoc/acervo/dicionarios/verbete-biografico/fernando-paulo-nagle-gabeira | title=Fernando Paulo Nagle Gabeira }}</ref>

In 1969, the ], the main armed leftwing organization in Brazil, and the ], to which Gabeira belonged, orchestrated the ] Charles Burke Elbrick in ]. Gabeira helped plan and execute the attack. To begin negotiations, the kidnappers demanded their manifesto be printed in local media, which was done. They also threatened to murder Elbrick if their demands were not met within 48 hours. Elbrick was released after 78 hours in exchange for the release of 15 political prisoners imprisoned by the military dictatorship, who were exiled to Mexico and then Cuba.

In 1970, Gabeira was jailed in São Paulo. He tried to escape but was shot in the attempt, striking his back and perforating a kidney as well as his stomach and liver. In June of that year, he and 39 others were released in exchange for the release of German ambassador Ehrenfried von Holleben, who had been kidnapped by terrorists just as Elbrick had been.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/1970/06/17/archives/kidnappers-free-bonn-envoy-in-rio-ambassador-released-after-brazil.html {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref> The 40 were banned from Brazil and sent into exile.


] ]
During his exile in the 1970s, Gabeira lived in several countries including ], ] and ]. In ], where he spent most of his exile, he studied ] at ] and worked as a journalist as well as a metro conductor <ref>https://segueuserfiles.middlebury.edu/.../Fernando%20Gabeira.doc{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> He returned to Brazil in 1979, where he began to act as a journalist and writer, defending the end of the military regime. During his exile in the 1970s, Gabeira lived in several countries including ], ], and ]. In ], where he spent most of his exile, he earned a degree in ] from ] and worked as a journalist as well as a train conductor.<ref>https://segueuserfiles.middlebury.edu/.../Fernando%20Gabeira.doc{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

After Brazil passed a general amnesty for those convicted of political crimes in 1979, Gabeira returned to Brazil. He worked as a journalist and writer, arguing for an end to the military dictatorship. In this period he wrote ''O Que É Isso, Companheiro?'', describing the 1969 kidnapping of Ambassador Elbrick, as well as his role in it.


After 1985, Gabeira shifted his attention to minority rights and the environment. He was one of the founding members of the ], and repeatedly voiced his ideological support for progressive causes like the legalization of ], ], and the legalization of abortion.
After 1985, Fernando Gabeira started to support the causes of minority rights and the environment.


Gabeira has repeatedly voiced his ideological support for the legalization of ], for equal marriage laws and for the legalization of abortion. He ran for the ] of Rio de Janeiro in 2008, and was defeated by ] in the runoff round on October 26 (49.3% – 50.7%). He also lost a bid to become Governor of Rio de Janeiro in ]. Gabeira left the Green Party in 2001 to join the ]. He remained affiliated with the Workers' Party for only two years, however, and later rejoined the Green Party in 2005.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://neamp.pucsp.br/liderancas/fernando-paulo-nagle-gabeira | title=Fernando Paulo Nagle Gabeira - Lideranças Políticas NEAMP }}</ref> He ran for ] of the city of Rio de Janeiro in 2008, but was narrowly defeated by ] in a runoff (49.3% – 50.7%). He lost a bid to become governor of the state of Rio de Janeiro in ].


===The knitted swimsuit affair=== ===The knitted swimsuit affair===
] ]
He lived for a decade in exile from ] during the military dictatorship, and returned to his country in 1979. Just after his return, a photo of Gabeira wearing a very small knitted swimsuit on ] beach turned into a national scandal. Many years later, Gabeira revealed that his scandalous bathing suit was indeed the bottom part of one of his cousin ]'s bikinis.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.terra.com.br/istoegente/27/reportagens/rep_aber1.htm|title=ZAZ – ISTOÉ GENTE – Anistia na tanga de Gabeira|website=www.terra.com.br|access-date=2018-07-11}}</ref> Just after Gabeira's return from exile, a photo of him wearing a very small knitted swimsuit on ] beach became a national scandal. Years later, Gabeira revealed that the suit was actually the bottom of one of his cousin ]'s bikinis.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.terra.com.br/istoegente/27/reportagens/rep_aber1.htm|title=ZAZ – ISTOÉ GENTE – Anistia na tanga de Gabeira|website=www.terra.com.br|access-date=2018-07-11|archive-date=2017-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170903010150/https://www.terra.com.br/istoegente/27/reportagens/rep_aber1.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>


== Literary career == == Literary career ==
In 1979, he wrote the book ''What is it, mate?'', about his participation in the armed struggle against the military regime in Brazil (1964–1985) and his subsequent exile in Europe. The book won the ] in the biography and (or) memories category in 1980 and was made into the film ] by filmmaker ] in 1997. In 1979, Gabeira wrote the book '']'', about his participation in the armed struggle against the military regime in Brazil (1964–1985) and his subsequent exile in Europe. The book won the ] in the biography/memoirs category in 1980 and was made into the film ] by filmmaker ] in 1997.


In 1980, he released ''The Twilight of the Male'', a continuation of ''What is it, mate?'' . In 1980, he released ''O Crepúsculo do Macho'', a continuation of ''O Que É Isso, Companheiro?''.


In 1981, he launched ''Entradas e Bandeiras'' , a book in which he chronicles his return to Brazil and his abandonment of ] ideology, starting to fight for issues such as ecology, pleasure and sexual freedom. In the same year, he launched ''Hôte da utopia'', in which he deepens his new ideological positioning. In 1981, he launched ''Entradas e Bandeiras'', a book in which he chronicles his return to Brazil and his abandonment of ] ideology, shifting to fight for issues such as ecology, pleasure, and sexual freedom. In the same year, he launched ''Hôte da utopia'', in which he deepens his new ideological positioning.


In 1982, he launched ''Sinais de vida on Planeta Minas'', in which he tells the feminist struggles against the conservative society of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais , through the biographies of five women from Minas Gerais. Among them, Dona Beja and Ângela Diniz . In 1982, he launched ''Sinais de Vida on Planeta Minas'', in which he chronicles feminist struggles against the conservative society of Brazil's ] state, through the biographies of five ''mineiras'', including ] and ].


In ''Goiânia, 57th street – the nuclear plant in the land of the sun'', launched in 1987, Gabeira narrated the radiological accident that occurred in Goiânia in September of that year. In 1987, he published ''Goiânia, Rua 57 — o Nuclear na Terra do Sol'', in which he reported on a radiological accident that occurred in Goiânia.


In 2000, he launched the book ''Marijuana'' , in which he discusses the decriminalization of its use, its therapeutic functions, the social role it plays etc. In 2000, he launched ''A Maconha'', in which he discussed the decriminalization of marijuana, its therapeutic functions, the societal role it plays, etc.


In 2006, he launched the book ''Navigation in the fog'', under a Creative Commons license, dealing with the Leech Scandal in 2005. In 2006, he launched ''Navegação na Neblina'', under a Creative Commons license, addressing the 2005 "Bloodsuckers Scandal," in which elected and governing officials stole money meant to buy ambulances.


In 2012, he released the book ''Onde Está Tudo Aquilo Agora'' . In 2012, he released ''Onde Está Tudo Aquilo Agora''.


In 2017, he released the book ''Tropical Democracy: An Apprentice's Notebook'', in which he recounts the events of ] 's impeachment, as well as an overview of the last thirty years of Brazilian democracy. In 2017, he released ''Democracia Tropical: Caderno de um Aprendiz'', in which he recounted ]'s impeachment, as well as an overview of the prior thirty years of Brazilian democracy.


==Family== ==Personal life==
⚫ Gabeira is the son of Paulo Gabeira and Isabel Nagle, both ] immigrants.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://istoe.com.br/um-homem-do-presente/|title=istoe.com.br/um-homem-do-presente/|author=Revista IstoÉ|authorlink=Revista IstoÉ|date=8 December 2017|publisher=2017-02-08|accessdate=2019-02-24|archive-date=2019-02-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190225040144/https://istoe.com.br/um-homem-do-presente/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=https://journals.openedition.org/confins/5122?lang=pt|title=Review of Atlas du Liban: territoires et société, edited by Éric Verdeil, Ghaleb Faour and Sébastien Velut, french-lebanese edition by IFPO (Institut Français du Proche-Orient) and CNRS Liban (Conseil National de la Recherche Scientifique – Liban) Beirut, 2007.|journal=Confins. Revue Franco-Brésilienne de Géographie / Revista Franco-Brasilera de Geografia|date=2007|issue=4|accessdate=2019-02-24|last1=Maalouf|first1=Ramez Philippe|doi=10.4000/confins.5122 |doi-access=free}}</ref> His surname was ''aportuguesado'' (Portuguese language equivalent to ]) from the transliterations ''Jabara'' or ''Gebara'' (in Arabic: جبارة).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://jornalggn.com.br/politica/com-veja-tratou-a-imigracao-arabe-no-brasil/|title=Como Veja tratou a imigração árabe no Brasil|author=Luis Nassif|date=2012-06-25|publisher=|accessdate=2019-02-24}}</ref>


During his exile, Gabeira married his fellow militant Vera Sílvia Magalhães.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.brasilwire.com/vera-silvia-magalhaes/ | title=Vera Sílvia Magalhães | date=18 June 2015 }}</ref> They ended their relationship while living in Sweden.
⚫ Gabeira is the son of Paulo Gabeira and Isabel Nagle, both ] immigrants.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://istoe.com.br/um-homem-do-presente/|title=istoe.com.br/um-homem-do-presente/|author=Revista IstoÉ|authorlink=Revista IstoÉ|date=8 December 2017|publisher=2017-02-08|accessdate=2019-02-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=https://journals.openedition.org/confins/5122?lang=pt|title=Review of Atlas du Liban: territoires et société, edited by Éric Verdeil, Ghaleb Faour and Sébastien Velut, french-lebanese edition by IFPO (Institut Français du Proche-Orient) and CNRS Liban (Conseil National de la Recherche Scientifique – Liban) Beirut, 2007.|journal=Confins. Revue Franco-Brésilienne de Géographie / Revista Franco-Brasilera de Geografia|date=2007|issue=4|accessdate=2019-02-24|last1=Maalouf|first1=Ramez Philippe}}</ref> His surname was ''aportuguesado'' (expression meaning transformed to fit Portuguese language sounds) from the transliterations ''Jabara'' or ''Gebara'' (in Arabic : جبارة).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://jornalggn.com.br/politica/com-veja-tratou-a-imigracao-arabe-no-brasil/|title=Como Veja tratou a imigração árabe no Brasil|author=Luis Nassif|date=2012-06-25|publisher=|accessdate=2019-02-24}}</ref>


He was married to Brazilian fashion designer, Yamê Reis, with whom he had two daughters, Tami and ]. The couple divorced in 1999. After his return to Brazil, Gabeira married Yamê Reis, a fashion designer. He and Reis have two daughters. The couple divorced in 1999.{{Citation needed|date=January 2024}}


Currently, Gabeira is married to businesswoman Neila Tavares.{{Citation needed|date=January 2024}}
His daughter Maya has since become a top female ]. She said the trauma of her parents' divorce drove her to leave home at age 15 and go to Australia on a student program. She moved to Hawaii in 2004 at age 17 to surf world class waves. She quickly emerged as the world's top female big-wave surfer, winning global championships surfing challenging spots like ], ], ], and South Africa's shark-infested ]. She told '']'' in 2007: "My dad and I are very similar. All the energy he's put into improving the country I have as well – only I've been channeling it into my surfing." She added: "My dad has a really strong character, is incredibly bright and I’ve learned a lot from him."{{Citation needed|date=March 2022}}


==References== ==References==
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==External links== ==External links==
* *{{Official website|http://www.gabeira.com.br}} {{in lang|pt}}
*{{Facebook|gabeiracom}}
*{{Instagram|gabeiraoficial}}
*{{Twitter|gabeiracombr}}
*{{IMDb name|id=0300004|name=Fernando Gabeira}} *{{IMDb name|id=0300004|name=Fernando Gabeira}}
* *
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Latest revision as of 00:38, 5 December 2024

Brazilian politician (born 1941) In this Portuguese name, the first or maternal family name is Nagle and the second or paternal family name is Gabeira.
Fernando Gabeira
Member of the Chamber of Deputies
In office
1 February 1995 – 1 February 2011
ConstituencyRio de Janeiro
Personal details
BornFernando Paulo Nagle Gabeira
(1941-02-17) 17 February 1941 (age 83)
Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Political partyPV (1989–2002; 2003–present)
Other political
affiliations		PT (1986–1989; 2002–2003)
Spouses
Yamê Reis ​ ​(m. 1983; div. 1999)​
Neila Tavares ​(m. 2005)​
Children2, including Maya
RelativesLeda Nagle (cousin)
ProfessionJournalist
Known forKidnapping of Charles Elbrik

Fernando Paulo Nagle Gabeira (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [feʁˈnɐ̃du ɡaˈbejɾɐ]; born 17 February 1941) is a Brazilian politician, author and journalist. He was a federal representative for the state of Rio de Janeiro from 1995 to 2011.

He is known for his 1979 book O Que É Isso, Companheiro? (loosely translated, What Was That, Man?). The book tells of the armed resistance to the military dictatorship in Brazil, and describes the 1969 kidnapping of American ambassador Charles Burke Elbrick, in which Gabeira took part as a member of MR8, an armed group fighting the military dictatorship then ruling Brazil.

The book was made into a movie in 1997, titled Four Days in September. The movie was nominated for many awards, including an Oscar as Best Foreign Language Film at the 70th Academy Awards. (Dutch film Karakter won the category.)

Because of his role in kidnapping its ambassador, the United States considered Gabeira to be a terrorist and refused him a visa to visit the United States. Over the years, Gabeira requested and was denied a visa three times. In 1998, he declared a visa denial would speak not of him, but as a U.S. act against Brazilian sovereignty. Folha de São Paulo reported that Gabeira's lack of contrition may have contributed to the continuing refusals. Years later, in a 2009 Ragga interview, Gabeira called the kidnapping a mistake, and acknowledged positive views of the United States, saying Brazil had much it could learn from and admire about the U.S.

Biography

Fernando Paulo Nagle Gabeira was born February 17, 1941, in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, to Lebanese immigrant parents.

Gabeira started his journalism career young, contributing to magazines and newspapers in Juiz de Fora while still in high school. His interest in politics was evident from the start.

After a short stay in Belo Horizonte in the 1960s, Gabeira moved to Rio de Janeiro, where he worked for the Jornal do Brasil, a prominent carioca newspaper. With the military coup in April 1964, Gabeira got involved in the armed resistance to the new regime.

In 1969, the Ação Libertadora Nacional, the main armed leftwing organization in Brazil, and the MR8, to which Gabeira belonged, orchestrated the kidnapping of U.S. Ambassador Charles Burke Elbrick in Rio de Janeiro. Gabeira helped plan and execute the attack. To begin negotiations, the kidnappers demanded their manifesto be printed in local media, which was done. They also threatened to murder Elbrick if their demands were not met within 48 hours. Elbrick was released after 78 hours in exchange for the release of 15 political prisoners imprisoned by the military dictatorship, who were exiled to Mexico and then Cuba.

In 1970, Gabeira was jailed in São Paulo. He tried to escape but was shot in the attempt, striking his back and perforating a kidney as well as his stomach and liver. In June of that year, he and 39 others were released in exchange for the release of German ambassador Ehrenfried von Holleben, who had been kidnapped by terrorists just as Elbrick had been. The 40 were banned from Brazil and sent into exile.

Fernando Gabeira, 1969.

During his exile in the 1970s, Gabeira lived in several countries including Chile, Sweden, and Italy. In Stockholm, where he spent most of his exile, he earned a degree in anthropology from Stockholm University and worked as a journalist as well as a train conductor.

After Brazil passed a general amnesty for those convicted of political crimes in 1979, Gabeira returned to Brazil. He worked as a journalist and writer, arguing for an end to the military dictatorship. In this period he wrote O Que É Isso, Companheiro?, describing the 1969 kidnapping of Ambassador Elbrick, as well as his role in it.

After 1985, Gabeira shifted his attention to minority rights and the environment. He was one of the founding members of the Green Party of Brazil, and repeatedly voiced his ideological support for progressive causes like the legalization of marijuana, marriage equality, and the legalization of abortion.

Gabeira left the Green Party in 2001 to join the Workers' Party. He remained affiliated with the Workers' Party for only two years, however, and later rejoined the Green Party in 2005. He ran for mayor of the city of Rio de Janeiro in 2008, but was narrowly defeated by Eduardo Paes in a runoff (49.3% – 50.7%). He lost a bid to become governor of the state of Rio de Janeiro in 2010.

The knitted swimsuit affair

Gabeira's scandalous swimsuit

Just after Gabeira's return from exile, a photo of him wearing a very small knitted swimsuit on Ipanema beach became a national scandal. Years later, Gabeira revealed that the suit was actually the bottom of one of his cousin Leda Nagle's bikinis.

Literary career

In 1979, Gabeira wrote the book O Que É Isso, Companheiro?, about his participation in the armed struggle against the military regime in Brazil (1964–1985) and his subsequent exile in Europe. The book won the Jabuti Literature Prize in the biography/memoirs category in 1980 and was made into the film Four Days in September by filmmaker Bruno Barreto in 1997.

In 1980, he released O Crepúsculo do Macho, a continuation of O Que É Isso, Companheiro?.

In 1981, he launched Entradas e Bandeiras, a book in which he chronicles his return to Brazil and his abandonment of Marxist ideology, shifting to fight for issues such as ecology, pleasure, and sexual freedom. In the same year, he launched Hôte da utopia, in which he deepens his new ideological positioning.

In 1982, he launched Sinais de Vida on Planeta Minas, in which he chronicles feminist struggles against the conservative society of Brazil's Minas Gerais state, through the biographies of five mineiras, including Dona Beja and Ângela Diniz.

In 1987, he published Goiânia, Rua 57 — o Nuclear na Terra do Sol, in which he reported on a radiological accident that occurred in Goiânia.

In 2000, he launched A Maconha, in which he discussed the decriminalization of marijuana, its therapeutic functions, the societal role it plays, etc.

In 2006, he launched Navegação na Neblina, under a Creative Commons license, addressing the 2005 "Bloodsuckers Scandal," in which elected and governing officials stole money meant to buy ambulances.

In 2012, he released Onde Está Tudo Aquilo Agora.

In 2017, he released Democracia Tropical: Caderno de um Aprendiz, in which he recounted Dilma Rousseff's impeachment, as well as an overview of the prior thirty years of Brazilian democracy.

Personal life

Gabeira is the son of Paulo Gabeira and Isabel Nagle, both Lebanese immigrants. His surname was aportuguesado (Portuguese language equivalent to anglicization) from the transliterations Jabara or Gebara (in Arabic: جبارة).

During his exile, Gabeira married his fellow militant Vera Sílvia Magalhães. They ended their relationship while living in Sweden.

After his return to Brazil, Gabeira married Yamê Reis, a fashion designer. He and Reis have two daughters. The couple divorced in 1999.

Currently, Gabeira is married to businesswoman Neila Tavares.

References

  1. "O que é isso companheiro?". 13 July 2010.
  2. "Folha de S.Paulo - EUA negarão visto para Gabeira ir à ONU (com foto) - 03/12/98". www1.folha.uol.com.br. Retrieved 2022-11-07.
  3. "Militante da ALN, que sequestrou embaixador dos EUA, obtém visto". revistaforum.com.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). 8 February 2012. Retrieved 2022-11-07.
  4. Zahar, Andre (16 October 2008). "Em debate, Paes e Gabeira admitem ter fumado maconha no passado" [In debate, Paes and Gabeira admit to having smoked marijuana in the past]. www1.folha.uol.com.br (in Portuguese).
  5. "O incrível sequestro de Charles Elbrick - SUPERINTERESSANTE". Archived from the original on 2009-03-12. Retrieved 2009-10-21.
  6. "Ex-militante recebe visto dos Estados Unidos". Tribuna do Norte. Retrieved 2018-07-11.
  7. "Folha de S.Paulo - EUA negarão visto para Gabeira ir à ONU (Com foto) - 03/12/98".
  8. "Ragga #26 by Ragga - Issuu". 13 May 2009.
  9. "Fernando Paulo Nagle Gabeira".
  10. "Fernando Paulo Nagle Gabeira".
  11. https://www.nytimes.com/1970/06/17/archives/kidnappers-free-bonn-envoy-in-rio-ambassador-released-after-brazil.html
  12. https://segueuserfiles.middlebury.edu/.../Fernando%20Gabeira.doc
  13. "Fernando Paulo Nagle Gabeira - Lideranças Políticas NEAMP".
  14. "ZAZ – ISTOÉ GENTE – Anistia na tanga de Gabeira". www.terra.com.br. Archived from the original on 2017-09-03. Retrieved 2018-07-11.
  15. Revista IstoÉ (8 December 2017). "istoe.com.br/um-homem-do-presente/". 2017-02-08. Archived from the original on 2019-02-25. Retrieved 2019-02-24.
  16. Maalouf, Ramez Philippe (2007). "Review of Atlas du Liban: territoires et société, edited by Éric Verdeil, Ghaleb Faour and Sébastien Velut, french-lebanese edition by IFPO (Institut Français du Proche-Orient) and CNRS Liban (Conseil National de la Recherche Scientifique – Liban) Beirut, 2007". Confins. Revue Franco-Brésilienne de Géographie / Revista Franco-Brasilera de Geografia (4). doi:10.4000/confins.5122. Retrieved 2019-02-24.
  17. Luis Nassif (2012-06-25). "Como Veja tratou a imigração árabe no Brasil". Retrieved 2019-02-24.
  18. "Vera Sílvia Magalhães". 18 June 2015.

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