Misplaced Pages

The Outsiders (novel): Difference between revisions

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Browse history interactively← Previous editContent deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 16:07, 19 November 2007 view source71.68.254.198 (talk) →Film version← Previous edit Latest revision as of 12:03, 9 December 2024 view source Thylacine24 (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users12,713 editsmNo edit summary 
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|1967 novel by S. E. Hinton}}
{{Infobox Book | <!-- See ] or ] -->
{{pp-vandalism|small=yes}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox book
| name = The Outsiders | name = The Outsiders
| image = The outsiders 1967 first edition.jpg
| title_orig =
| caption = First hardcover edition, 1967
| image = ] <!-- prefer 1st edition cover -->
| image_caption = ''The Outsiders'' (front cover of 1997 Puffin Books paperback reprint edition)
| author = ] | author = ]
| illustrator = | illustrator =
| cover_artist = | cover_artist = ]
| country = ] | country = United States
| language = ] | language = English
| series = | series =
| genre = ] | genre = ]
| publisher = ] | publisher = ], ]
| release_date = ] | release_date = April 24, ]
| media_type = Print (] & ]) | media_type = Print (], ]), ]
| pages = 180 pp | pages = 192
| isbn = ISBN 0-670-53257-6 (hardcover edition) | isbn = 0-670-53257-6
| oclc = 64396432
| followed_by = ]
}} }}


'''''The Outsiders''''' is a novel by ], first published in ] by ]. Hinton was 15 when she began writing the novel and 18 when it was published. ''The Outsiders'' is an account of a traumatic time in the life of fourteen-year-old ]. Hinton explores the ] of ], brotherly love, ], and ] by following two rival gangs, the Greasers and the Socs, short for Socials, who are separated by ] and ] beliefs. '''''The Outsiders''''' is a ] by ] published in ] by ]. The book details the conflict between two rival gangs of ] divided by their ]: the ] "]s" and the ] "Socs" (pronounced {{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|oʊ|ʃ|ᵻ|z}} {{respell|SOH|shiz}}—short for '']''). The story is told in ] by teenage protagonist ], and takes place in ], in 1965,<ref name="sehinton1" /> although this is never explicitly stated in the book.


Hinton began writing the novel when she was 15 and wrote the bulk of it when she was 16 and a junior in high school.<ref>{{cite book | last=Hinton | first=S. E. | author-link=S. E. Hinton | title=The Outsiders | orig-year=1977 | year=2005 | publisher=Speak/Penguin Putnam | isbn=0-14-038572-X | chapter=speaking with S. E. Hinton | page= | url=https://archive.org/details/outsiders000hint | url-access=registration }}</ref> She was 18 when the book was published.<ref name="sehinton1">{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=SE Hinton.com|url=http://www.sehinton.com/misc/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100425081833/http://www.sehinton.com/misc/|archive-date=April 25, 2010|access-date=2010-04-13|website=www.sehinton.com}}</ref> She released the work using her initials rather than her feminine ]s (Susan Eloise) so that her gender would not lead male ]s to dismiss the work.<ref name=faq>
''The Outsiders'' is ranked 43rd on the ]'s top 100 Most Frequently Challenged Books of 1990-2000 , and 38th on their 1990-1999 list . The book was challenged in ] because of its portrayal of violence, language, drug and alcohol abuse, and the fact that "virtually all the characters were from broken homes."{{Fact|date=May 2007}}
{{cite web |title=Frequently Asked Questions |url=http://sehinton.com/misc/faq.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013090947/http://sehinton.com/misc/faq.html |archive-date=October 13, 2007 |website=sehinton.com |access-date= January 28, 2015 }}</ref>


A ] was directed in 1983 by ], and a short-lived ] appeared in 1990, picking up where the movie left off. A dramatic stage adaptation was written by Christopher Sergel and published in 1990. A ]-winning stage musical adaptation ] premiered on Broadway in 2024.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.theatermania.com/san-diego-theater/news/the-outsiders-musical-world-premiere-la-jolla_93457.html | title=The Outsiders Musical to Make World Premiere at la Jolla Playhouse &#124; TheaterMania }}</ref>
==Plot summary==


==Plot==
The main characters in ''The Outsiders'' are ], ], ], ], ], ], and ], a gang of Greasers in ]. The story is narrated by Ponyboy, younger brother of both Sodapop and Darrel, or Darry. The three boys are orphaned after a car accident that kills their parents. Darry assumes the parental role to keep them from getting sent to different homes. Darry feels overly burdened and cannot provide all of the things they need. Although he is smart, he quit school so he could get a job and provide food for the other two boys, Sodapop and Ponyboy.
<!-- Per ], "There is no universal set length for a plot summary, though it should not be excessively long." Please use consideration when adding material to this section. -->


Ponyboy Curtis, a fourteen-year-old boy who is a member of a "gang of greasers", is leaving a movie theater when he is jumped by "Socs", the greasers' rival gang. Several greasers, including Ponyboy's two older brothers—the paternal Darry and the popular Sodapop—come to his rescue. The next night, Ponyboy and two greaser friends, the hardened Dally and the quiet Johnny, meet Cherry and Marcia, a pair of Soc girls, at a drive-in movie theater. Cherry scorns Dally's rude advances, but Ponyboy speaks civilly with Cherry, emotionally connecting with a Soc for the first time in his life.
The Greasers, who are generally poverty-stricken, derive their nickname from the grease they use to slick back their hair. The Socs (pronounced ''soashes'', an abbreviation of the Socials) are the products of privileged upbringing. Although "the outsiders" may seem to refer to the alienated Greasers, both groups are set back by economic and/or social limits.
The story begins with Ponyboy, the narrator and main character, walking out of a movie house and begins walking home. On his way, a red ] begins trailing him with a group of Socs in it. After a bit of trailing, the Corvair stops and a group of Socs come out. One Soc says to Ponyboy, "Need a haircut, greaser?" and then proceeds to knock him down, sit on his chest, and hold a switchblade to his throat. Realizing that he could get killed, Ponyboy starts yelling for anyone in the gang. Moments later, the whole gang shows up and scares the Socs away and in the confusion, the switchblade brushes against the side of Ponyboy's head and cuts him. Later, Dallas says he is going to go to a drive-in movie the next night to hunt some action and Ponyboy and Johnny agree to go with him. Two-Bit agrees to meet them later if he is not drunk.


Afterward, Ponyboy, Johnny, and their wisecracking friend Two-Bit begin to walk Cherry and Marcia home, when they are stopped by Cherry's boyfriend Bob, who badly beat up Johnny a few months back. Bob and the greasers exchange taunts, but Cherry prevents a fight by willingly leaving with Bob. Ponyboy gets home at two in the morning, enraging Darry until he suddenly slaps Ponyboy. As Darry tries to apologize, Pony runs out the door and meets up with Johnny, expressing his anger at Darry's increasing coldness in the wake of his parents' recent deaths in a car crash.
At the open drive-in theater, Dallas starts hitting on two Soc girls, Sherri "Cherry" Valance and her friend Marcia. After Cherry throws a ] in Dallas' face and Johnny tells him to leave her alone, Dallas angrily leaves. Ponyboy and Johnny introduce themselves to Cherry and Marcia. Soon after Two-Bit arrives and they watch the movie and talk for a while. Later, while Ponyboy, and Johnny are walking Cherry and Marcia home after the show, their boyfriends, Bob Sheldon and Randy Adderson, catch up to them, in their blue Mustang. Bob and Randy, who have been drinking, are angry that the Greaser boys are accompanying the girls. The situation worsens when Two-Bit happens upon the scene and is eager to engage the Socs in a fight, but the girls decide to return home with their boyfriends to defuse the situation.


Running away from home, Ponyboy and Johnny wander into a park, where Bob and four other Socs surround them. After some heated talk, Ponyboy spits at the Socs, prompting them to attempt to drown him in a nearby fountain, but Johnny stabs Bob, killing him and dispersing the rest. Terrified as to what to do next, Ponyboy and Johnny rush to find Dally, who gives them money and a loaded firearm, directing them to hide in an abandoned church in Windrixville. During their stay there, Pony cuts and dyes his hair as a disguise, reads '']'' to Johnny, and, upon viewing a beautiful sunrise, recites the poem "]" by ].
Johnny is reluctant to go home so he and Ponyboy go hang out in a vacant lot. The boys fall asleep, which results in Ponyboy coming home later than he had intended. Darry is worried about and angry with Ponyboy and hits him after a heated exchange with him and Sodapop. Ponyboy runs out of the house back to the vacant lot. He wakes Johnny, and the two of them run to the park to cool off.


Days later, Dally comes to check on them, revealing that violence between the greasers and Socs has escalated since Bob's death into all-out city-wide warfare, with Cherry acting out of guilt as a spy for the greasers. Johnny decides to turn himself in and Dally agrees to take the boys back home. As they attempt to leave, they notice the church has caught fire and several local schoolchildren have become trapped inside. The greasers run inside the burning church to save the children, but Ponyboy is rendered unconscious by the fumes. At the hospital he discovers that he and Dally are not badly injured, but a piece of the church roof fell on Johnny and broke his back. Sodapop and Darry come to the hospital; Darry breaks down and cries. Ponyboy then realizes that Darry cares about him, and is only hard on him because he loves him and cares about his future.
While Ponyboy and Johnny are at the park, Bob, Randy, and their friends drive by. They begin to harass the two Greasers, but Ponyboy stands up to them. The Socs, determined to put the Greasers in their place, kick Johnny and another Soc named David attempts to drown Ponyboy in a nearby fountain. Johnny, hoping to save his friend, takes out his switchblade and stabs Bob to death. Randy and the other Socs run away in fright. The two boys seek help from Dallas, who gives them a loaded gun, money, and directions to an abandoned church in Windrixville, where they will hide out. Dallas tells them that he will go fetch them when everything has blown over. Ponyboy and Johnny hop aboard a freight train and are on their way.


The following morning the newspapers declare Pony and Johnny heroes, but Johnny will be charged with manslaughter for Bob's death. Two-Bit tells them that the greaser&ndash;Soc rivalry is to be settled in a final ]. Ponyboy and Two-Bit are approached by a Soc named Randy, Bob's best friend, who expresses remorse for his involvement in the gang war, lacks confidence about the rumble ending the feud, and says he will not participate.
At the church, Ponyboy and Johnny cut off their long greasy hair to be less recognizable, and Johnny bleaches Ponyboy's hair with peroxide. During this time, the boys bond even more, and discover they both have a love for the beautiful things in life that are often not obvious, such as sunsets, while going through the daily struggles of living on the "wrong" side of town. To pass the time, they smoke cigarettes and play poker. Ponyboy also reads to Johnny from a paperback copy of ''Gone with the Wind''. While they watch a sunrise, Ponyboy shares the ] poem "]" with Johnny, confessing he never quite understood what the poem meant.


Later, Ponyboy visits Johnny at the hospital, where he is in critical condition. On their way home, Pony spots Cherry and they talk. Cherry says she is unwilling to visit Johnny in the hospital because he killed her boyfriend. Pony calls her a traitor, but after she explains herself they end on good terms. After escaping the hospital, Dally shows up just in time for the rumble. The greasers win the fight. Afterward, Pony and Dally hurry back to the hospital to see Johnny, but he dies moments later and a hysterical Dally runs out of the room. Pony returns home that night feeling confused and disoriented. Dally calls the house to say that he has robbed a store and is running from the police. The greasers find Dally deliberately pointing an unloaded firearm at the police, causing them to ] him. Overwhelmed, Ponyboy faints and is sick in bed for many days due to the resulting ] from the rumble. When the hearing finally comes, the judge frees Ponyboy from responsibility for Bob's death and allows Pony to remain at home with Darry and Sodapop.
Dallas comes to visit Ponyboy and Johnny a week later. He brings them to a nearby Dairy Queen to get some hot food. While there, he tells them that Cherry is willing to testify that Bob had gone looking for a fight while drunk, and Ponyboy and Johnny had fought back in self-defense. After hearing this, Johnny tells Dallas that he and Ponyboy should go home and turn themselves in. Dallas is angry, feeling the boys had gone to a lot of trouble for nothing. He still agrees to take the boys home and tells Johnny that he doesn't want to see Johnny get hardened in jail the way he did. Ponyboy is somewhat shocked, because Dallas has never been as forthcoming as he was then, but he stays quiet.


Ponyboy returns to school, but his grades drop. Although he is failing English, his teacher, Mr. Syme, says he will pass him if he writes a decent theme. In the copy of ''Gone with the Wind'' that Johnny gave him before dying, Ponyboy finds a letter from Johnny describing how he will die proudly after saving the kids from the fire. Johnny also urges Ponyboy to "stay golden". Ponyboy decides to write his English assignment about the recent events, and begins his essay with the opening line of the novel: "When I stepped out into the bright sunlight from the darkness of the movie house, I had only two things on my mind: ] and a ride home".{{sfn|Hinton|1967| p=180}}
On the way back home, the boys see that the old church is on fire. Ponyboy feels guilty because he assumes that he and Johnny must have left a lit cigarette burning in the church, thus starting the fire. When they hear the screams of children trapped inside, Ponyboy and Johnny both run in to rescue them. Ponyboy describes this as the first time Johnny did not have his usual scared, beaten-down look. Ponyboy and Johnny get all the children out safely, and Ponyboy is able to escape the fire, but Johnny is pinned by a burning roof beam that had fallen on his back. After knocking Ponyboy to the ground in an effort to put out the flames on the younger boy's jacket, Dallas hurries into the inferno to save Johnny.


==Major characters==
The three are taken to the hospital in town. Dallas has burns on one arm and Ponyboy is bruised, but otherwise unhurt. Johnny, however, is in critical condition; his back had been broken by the falling timber and he was in severe shock and suffering from third-degree burns. Ponyboy reunites with his brothers, finally realizing that Darry's seeming harshness with him is only because Darry loves him and is afraid of losing him.
===Greasers===
*]: The narrator and the youngest Curtis brother, Ponyboy is 14 years old, and gets good grades and runs track. He is the most sensitive of the greasers (besides Johnny), and enjoys reading books.
*Sodapop "Soda" Curtis: The middle Curtis brother, 16 years old, a popular high school dropout who works at a gas station. He is often described as being attractive and comedic, the reason for his popularity. He is a supportive brother to Ponyboy.
*Darrel "Darry" Curtis: The oldest Curtis brother, 20 years old, who has been caring for his brothers since their parents died in a car crash. He is the unofficial leader of the gang. He is described as being very athletic and strong.
*Johnny Cade: Ponyboy's best friend. 16 years old, who is extremely quiet and lives with his ], neglectful, and ] parents. He is sensitive in the first part of the book. However, in the latter part of the book, Johnny faces his fears, becoming a hero-like figure.
*Dallas "Dally" Winston: A 17-year-old juvenile delinquent, he is the roughest and most volatile of the greasers, but cares more about Johnny than he does anyone else. He lived on the streets of ] for three years. He carries an unloaded firearm at all times.
*Keith "Two-Bit" Mathews: A wise-cracking ]. He is known for carrying a ].
*Steve Randle: Sodapop's best friend since grade school.
*Timothy "Tim" Shepard: Leader of another greaser gang: an organized downtown one. He is also a friend of Dally's.
*Curly Shepard: Tim Shepard's younger brother, mentioned as a friend of Ponyboy's.
*Sandy: Sodapop's disloyal girlfriend, who eventually leaves him.


===Socs===
Bob's death at Johnny's hand is the reason for the Socs to challenge the Greasers to a "rumble," or gang fight. On the day of the rumble, Ponyboy is confronted by Bob's friend Randy. Randy reveals that he does not want to and will not take part in the rumble, because nothing good would come of it. He has grown sick of the fighting, to the point that he is ready to leave town, but before he did, he wanted to tell someone who would understand. Randy and Ponyboy part, each with a new perspective of the other.
* Sherri "Cherry" Valance: Attends the same high school as Ponyboy. Bob's girlfriend.
* Robert "Bob" Sheldon: Considered the leader of the Socs. Cherry's boyfriend who is stabbed and killed by Johnny.
* Randy Adderson: Bob's best friend and Marcia's boyfriend. After Bob’s death, Randy has a conversation with Ponyboy requesting for peace.
* Marcia: Cherry's best friend and Randy's girlfriend.
*Paul Holden: Darry's old friend from high school.
* David: A member of the Socs who tries to drown Ponyboy in the fountain.


===Other characters===
Two-Bit and Ponyboy go to see Johnny and Dallas in the hospital. At first, the nurses will not let them see Johnny, but then a doctor says that he had been asking for them and "it can't hurt now." Johnny is happy to see them and manages a couple weak grins. He asks them to get him another copy of ''Gone with the Wind.'' When Two-Bit runs to the drugstore for the book, Johnny breaks down to Ponyboy that he does not want to die, because he is only sixteen and has not seen or experienced all that is out there. Johnny passes out cold and the nurse asks Ponyboy to leave just as Two-Bit returns. They go to see Dally, who is yelling at his nurse. Dallas admits that he was scared he might have accidentally killed Ponyboy back at the church when he tried to put out the fire on Ponyboy's back. He is also very upset about having to be in the hospital during the rumble and he asks to hold Two-Bit's prized switchblade. Right before they leave, Dallas tells them, "We gotta win that fight tonight, we gotta get even with the Socs. For Johnny."
* Jerry Wood: The schoolteacher responsible for the children who were in the seemingly abandoned church.
* Mr. Syme: Ponyboy's English teacher who assigns him a theme to write that becomes the story of the novel itself.


==Controversy==
Dallas breaks out of the hospital to fight in the rumble. Darry steps up first for the Greasers, and his challenge is met by a Soc named Paul, Darry's former friend. With that, the rumble begins. Though outnumbered, the Greasers are the eventual victors. Immediately after, Dallas grabs Ponyboy and they rush to the hospital. The doctor on duty refuses to let them pass, saying that Johnny is dying. Dallas brandishes Two-Bit's switchblade, but the doctor replies that the knife does not frighten him. He admits that the boys are the closest thing to a family that Johnny has, so he lets them by. Dallas tells Johnny about winning the rumble, but Johnny says that "fighting ain't no good," so Dallas tells Johnny that he is proud of him. Johnny is ecstatic; his hero is proud of him. Johnny leans over to Ponyboy and faintly tells him to "stay gold," then dies. Completely devastated, Dallas runs from the room, crying for the first time in years.
''The Outsiders'' was a controversial book at the time of its publication; it is still currently challenged and debated.<ref>Fallon, Claire (2017). "". ''The Huffington Post''. HuffPost News (Oath Inc.).</ref> It was ranked #38 on the American Library Association’s Top 100 Most Frequently Challenged Books of 1990–1999.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ala.org/ala/issuesadvocacy/banned/frequentlychallenged/challengedbydecade/1990_1999/index.cfm |title=100 most frequently challenged books: 1990–1999 &#124; American Library Association |publisher=Ala.org |access-date=2012-07-24}}</ref> This book has been banned from some schools and libraries because of the portrayal of ], underage smoking and drinking, strong language/], and ].<ref>.'']'' Department of Special Collections.</ref> However, in many U.S. schools, the book is part of the English curriculum at the middle- or high-school level.<ref>Cummings, Siena (2017). "." ''Standard-Examiner''. Ogden Publishing Corporation.</ref>


==Critical reception==
Ponyboy, dazed and confused, returns home to tell the rest of the gang that Johnny has died. The gang is shocked, despite knowing that Johnny's condition was grave, and saddened. Ponyboy tells Darry that he is scared for Dallas and what he might do next. Validating Ponyboy's fears, Dallas calls from a pay phone a few minutes later. He has robbed a grocery store and is on the run from the police. The gang races to meet Dallas at the vacant lot, where he is surrounded by police. Dallas then pulls out an unloaded gun and commits ] by police. Ponyboy wonders for a split second why Dallas wanted to commit suicide, but then realizes that Dallas had actually wanted to die; having lost the only thing that he truly loved, he had lost the will to live. Overwhelmed by the situation at hand, injuries sustained in the rumble, and general sickness, Ponyboy passes out.
On November 5, 2019, the '']'' listed ''The Outsiders'' on its list of the ].<ref name=Bbc2019-11-05/>


== Legacy ==
Ponyboy wakes up a few days later, his mind foggy. As he becomes more lucid, he enters a state of denial, telling himself that it was he that killed Bob, not Johnny. Darry makes Ponyboy stay in bed by for at least a week until he recovers fully. During this time, Ponyboy has several visitors, one of whom is Randy. Randy does not blame Ponyboy for Bob's death, but when Randy mentions that Johnny was the one who killed Bob, Ponyboy deliriously insists that he himself was the killer. He just wanted to protect Johnny.
Ponyboy Curtis appears in Hinton's later novel '']'' (1971).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hinton |first=S.E. |title=That Was Then, This Is Now |publisher=Penguin Group |year=1971 |isbn=978-0-14-038966-1 |edition= |location=New-York |pages=43–64 |language=English}}</ref>


], directed by ],<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/67060 |access-date=2022-04-02 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> has retained a fanbase since its release.<ref name=":2">{{cite web |last=O'Shansky |first=Joe |date=August 4, 2016 |title=The Curtis House in Crutchfield |url=http://www.thetulsavoice.com/August-A-2016/The-Curtis-House-in-Crutchfield/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220515172908/https://www.tulsapeople.com/the-curtis-house-in-crutchfield/article_ae42c4d4-ff60-5aec-9e67-d91e5cc4c25d.html |archive-date=May 15, 2022 |access-date=June 6, 2017 |website=TulsaPeople Magazine |language=en}}</ref> The film is notable for casting young actors before their rise to fame, which includes ], ], ], ], ], ], ], and ].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tramel |first=Jimmie |title='The Outsiders' actor Matt Dillon tours Outsiders House Museum |url=https://tulsaworld.com/entertainment/movies/the-outsiders-actor-matt-dillon-tours-outsiders-house-museum/article_3e668d02-ac5e-11ec-8124-83c241a3144d.html |access-date=2022-04-10 |website=Tulsa World |date=March 25, 2022 |language=en}}</ref>
A court trial was scheduled to decide if the Curtis brothers will be allowed to stay together or if Sodapop and Ponyboy will have to be sent to a boys' home. The judge determines that Darry is a fit guardian, and the boys are allowed to stay together. At the same trial, the matter of Bob's death was settled as self-defense, clearing Johnny of charges.


] based on the characters of the novel and film aired in 1990. It consists of a different cast playing the same characters. It picks up right after the events of the film's ending and lasted only one season.
Ponyboy, who normally made A's and B's in school, finds his grades slipping, thanks to being distracted by the recent turmoil in his life. His English teacher gives him a chance to pass the class by turning in a special composition. Darry and Ponyboy have another argument, this time regarding Ponyboy's composition. Sodapop suddenly shouts at his brothers to stop fighting and runs out the door. Darry and Ponyboy discover a letter that Sodapop's girlfriend had returned unopened, breaking up with him, and they put aside their argument to chase after Sodapop together. Ponyboy and Darry catch up to Sodapop at the park. Sodapop cries and tells his brothers that he feels scared and helpless when they fight, so Ponyboy and Darry vow not to fight again for their brother's sake.


In ]' 2006 video game '']'', The Greasers and the Preppies/Preps, are based on ''The Outsiders''.
While flipping through the copy of ''Gone With the Wind'' Two-Bit had bought for Johnny, Ponyboy finds a letter Johnny wrote to him, explaining that "Nothing Gold Can Stay" in the Frost poem meant to always appreciate the things one finds wondrous when one is young. "Staying gold" is the way to be, and Johnny urges Ponyboy to tell Dallas this. It is, of course, too late to tell Dallas, and Ponyboy thinks about other kids in the world that are in similar situations. He thinks about Johnny, Dallas, Bob, and all the others who would die young; who would stay hoodlums forever. Inspired, Ponyboy starts writing his English composition, beginning by recounting the events of the day that changed his life forever, which was also the very first sentence in the book: "When I stepped out into the bright sunlight from the darkness of the movie house I had only two things on my mind: Paul Newman and a ride home."


A stage musical ] held its world premiere at ] in February/March 2023. The production will be directed by Danya Taymor from a libretto by ], with songs by ] and music supervision, arrangements, and orchestrations by Justin Levine.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 8, 2022 |title=The Outsiders Musical to Make World Premiere at la Jolla Playhouse |url=https://www.theatermania.com/san-diego-theater/news/the-outsiders-musical-world-premiere-la-jolla_93457.html |website=Theater Mania}}</ref> The show began previews on ] at the ] on March 16, 2024 and officially opened on April 11. It received 12 nominations at the ], winning 4 including ].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/16/theater/the-outsiders-best-musical-tony.html#:~:text=The%20gritty%2C%20bloody%20and%20relentlessly,seen%20on%20a%20Broadway%20stage | title='The Outsiders,' a Broadway Adaptation of the Classic Novel, Wins the Tony for Best Musical | work=The New York Times | last1=Paulson | first1=Michael }}</ref>
==The Socs==
The Socs, (pronounced "soashes", as in "social"), are spoiled kids from well-to-do rich families. They have no reservations about "jumping" Greasers without provocation. They listen to the Beatles and wear madras shirts.
Main characters who are Socs include:
* '''Robert "Bob" Sheldon''': Cherry's boyfriend, who was revealed to have beat up Johnny before the events in the book. According to Randy, though Bob was spoiled by his parents, he really just wanted them to say no to him every once in a while and set limits for him, instead of accepting the blame as bad parents and buying him off. Bob and his friends corner Johnny and Ponyboy at the park and try to kill them for talking to Cherry and Marcia. Johnny stabs and kills Bob in self defense. His friendship with Randy Adderson is described by Ponyboy as being similar to that of Sodapop and Steve, with Randy being like Sodapop and Bob being like Steve.
*''']''': Bob's girlfriend, whose nickname comes from her fiery red hair. She sympathizes with the Greasers and becomes Ponyboy's friend. She admits to Ponyboy that she could fall in love with Dallas Winston and hoped to never see him again because of it. Though Cherry is appreciative of Johnny telling Dallas to leave her alone at the drive-in, she refuses to go visit Johnny at the hospital because he killed Bob.
* '''Randy Adderson''': Bob's friend, who is tired of the fighting between the Greasers and the Socs. He is the only person shown to voluntarily not participate in the rumble. When he meets Ponyboy at the Tasty Freeze convenience store, he tells Ponyboy that he is impressed with the younger boy's heroics and admits that he himself would have been too scared to do the same, though Ponyboy disagrees.


=== Museum and film locations ===
==The Greasers==
] opened in Tulsa, Oklahoma, on August 9, 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tramel |first=Jimmie |date=August 5, 2019 |title=Outsiders House history stretches from land run to museum's opening night |url=https://tulsaworld.com/outsiders-house-history-stretches-from-land-run-to-museums-opening-night/article_0deacc5f-2df1-5af6-89eb-7c2860f996ba.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220425024607/https://tulsaworld.com/outsiders-house-history-stretches-from-land-run-to-museums-opening-night/article_0deacc5f-2df1-5af6-89eb-7c2860f996ba.html |archive-date=April 25, 2022 |access-date=2022-04-25 |website=Tulsa World |language=en}}</ref> In 2009, hip-hop artist ] discovered the house that was used for the Curtis Brothers' home. Moving forward O'Connor kept the thought of buying it, which he eventually did in 2016.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Barnard |first=Matt |date=August 8, 2019 |title=From ruins to Tulsa icon: The story behind the famous Outsiders House |url=https://tulsaworld.com/entertainment/from-ruins-to-tulsa-icon-the-story-behind-the-famous-outsiders-house/collection_387abafc-58ab-51a2-8cc2-5519153c88fd.html |access-date=2022-05-15 |website=Tulsa World |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Krischer |first=Hayley |date=March 19, 2017 |title=Why 'Outsiders' lives on: a teen novel turns 50 |journal=The Herald |pages=3D}}</ref> O'Connor said he bought it sight unseen and when he first went inside that it was falling apart. With the help of friends, the Oklahoma Film and Music Office, the City Council, local business and individuals who volunteered the restoration started.<ref name=":222">{{cite web |last=O'Shansky |first=Joe |date=August 4, 2016 |title=The Curtis House in Crutchfield |url=http://www.thetulsavoice.com/August-A-2016/The-Curtis-House-in-Crutchfield/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220515172908/https://www.tulsapeople.com/the-curtis-house-in-crutchfield/article_ae42c4d4-ff60-5aec-9e67-d91e5cc4c25d.html |archive-date=May 15, 2022 |access-date=June 6, 2017 |website=TulsaPeople Magazine |language=en}}</ref><ref name="tulsaworld.com">{{cite web |last1=Graham |first1=Ginnnie |date=April 2, 2016 |title=Ginnie Graham: Going inside 'The Outsiders' house |url=http://www.tulsaworld.com/news/columnists/ginniegraham/ginnie-graham-going-inside-the-outsiders-house/article_ca377a70-0045-57a6-b87d-d85a96be4562.html |access-date=June 6, 2017 |website=Tulsa World |language=en}}</ref> After raising funds the house went through extensive renovations to restore it and maintain its authenticity from the film.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Terrell |first1=Ron |date=January 12, 2017 |title='Outsiders' House: The Latest On The Renovations |url=http://www.fox23.com/news/renovations-continue-on-north-tulsa-home-seen-in-the-outsiders-film/483560436 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220413013615/https://www.fox23.com/news/renovations-continue-on-north-tulsa-home-seen-in-the-outsiders-film/483560436/ |archive-date=April 13, 2022 |access-date=June 6, 2017 |website=Fox23 News}}</ref> A ] was set up for additional funds,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jayne |first=Ian |date=August 26, 2016 |title=A hip-hop icon is included in a team of enthusiasts dedicated to preserving The Outsiders house |url=https://www.okgazette.com/oklahoma/a-hip-hop-icon-is-included-in-a-team-of-enthusiasts-dedicated-to-preserving-the-outsiders-house/Content?oid=2980957 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220515195305/https://www.okgazette.com/oklahoma/a-hip-hop-icon-is-included-in-a-team-of-enthusiasts-dedicated-to-preserving-the-outsiders-house/Content?oid=2980957 |archive-date=May 15, 2022 |access-date=2022-05-15 |website=Oklahoma Gazette |language=en}}</ref> notable donors include ] who donated $30,000 and ]. Also to raise funds, screenings of the film were organized that actor ] attended. Also in 2016, the street signs on the corner were changed to "The Outsiders way" and "The Curtis Brothers Lane".<ref name=":13">{{Cite web |last=Barnard |first=Matt |date=August 8, 2019 |title=From ruins to Tulsa icon: The story behind the famous Outsiders House |url=https://tulsaworld.com/entertainment/from-ruins-to-tulsa-icon-the-story-behind-the-famous-outsiders-house/collection_387abafc-58ab-51a2-8cc2-5519153c88fd.html |access-date=2022-05-15 |website=Tulsa World |language=en}}</ref> Since its opening, the museum now contains a collection of ''The Outsiders'' memorabilia.<ref name="FromOutside">{{cite news |last=Graham |first=Ginnie |date=May 5, 2017 |title=From the Outside: Hip-hop artist Danny Boy O'Connor saves a house, finds a mission |work=Tulsa World |location=Tulsa, OK |url=https://tulsaworld.com/lifestyles/magazine/from-the-outside-hip-hop-artist-danny-boy-o-connor-saves-a-house-finds-a/article_6cd301fc-bff8-5875-ab31-5945d00bf48c.html |access-date=July 28, 2021}}</ref> Aside from Howell, between its restoration and opening, other stars of the films visited this includes ], ], and ].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Tramel |first=Jimmie |date=August 5, 2019 |title=Outsiders House history stretches from land run to museum's opening night |url=https://tulsaworld.com/outsiders-house-history-stretches-from-land-run-to-museums-opening-night/article_0deacc5f-2df1-5af6-89eb-7c2860f996ba.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220425024607/https://tulsaworld.com/outsiders-house-history-stretches-from-land-run-to-museums-opening-night/article_0deacc5f-2df1-5af6-89eb-7c2860f996ba.html |archive-date=April 25, 2022 |access-date=2022-04-25 |website=Tulsa World |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tramel |first=Jimmie |date=March 25, 2022 |title='The Outsiders' actor Matt Dillon tours Outsiders House Museum |url=https://tulsaworld.com/entertainment/movies/the-outsiders-actor-matt-dillon-tours-outsiders-house-museum/article_3e668d02-ac5e-11ec-8124-83c241a3144d.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220515203251/https://tulsaworld.com/entertainment/movies/the-outsiders-actor-matt-dillon-tours-outsiders-house-museum/article_3e668d02-ac5e-11ec-8124-83c241a3144d.html |archive-date=May 15, 2022 |access-date=2022-03-26 |website=Tulsa World |language=en}}</ref> For his efforts on preserving a cultural landmark O'Connor received a key to the city of Tulsa.<ref>{{cite web |title=Stay gold: Hinton, Howell, O'Connor honored |url=https://www.tulsaworld.com/scene/books/stay-gold-hinton-howell-o-connor-honored-during-ceremony-at/article_38cfd58b-7c26-5563-9617-9d5f1839061a.html |website=Tulsa World|date=November 3, 2018 }}</ref>


In 2022, in ], the group Upward Sperry restored the now un-operational DX gas station seen in the film. The group's president Gary Coulson said, "It's really growing. I almost hate to say, but it's almost like a cult following. They stream through here – what that does is get people here." With O'Connor they are planning to revitalize ''Outsiders'' nostalgia in Sperry.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ayer |first=Justin |date=September 26, 2022 |title=DX gas station from 'The Outsiders' draws revitalization in Sperry |url=https://www.kjrh.com/news/local-news/dx-gas-station-from-the-outsiders-draws-revitalization-in-sperry |access-date=2022-09-30 |website=2 News Oklahoma |language=en}}</ref>
While the Socs live carefree lives of privilege, the Greasers all come from hard-knock backgrounds. They like to listen to the music of ]. Their attire usually consists of tight fitting t-shirts, leather jackets, and snug jeans. Many Greasers are engaged in criminal activities, which causes many people to incorrectly assume that all Greasers are juvenile delinquents (JDs).


==References==
*''']''', 14: The youngest of the Curtis brothers and protagonist of the novel, he is a daydreamer, painter, and a bit of a bookworm. Ponyboy watches the sunsets from his backyard and often wonders what life would be like if there were no Greasers or Socs; no labels, just people. At the beginning of the novel, he thinks that only Greasers have problems, but comes to realize that the Socs often have similar problems, that some of them are as tired of fighting as he is, and that they too want to live in an environment where no one looks over their shoulder for fear of being "jumped." A heavy smoker, Ponyboy is also a star on his school's track team and is best friends with Johnny Cade. He analyzes many things deeply, but sometimes overlooks the obvious, which leads to Darry scolding him for not using his head. Ponyboy is particularly attached to his hair and was upset when Johnny told him that he had to cut it when they were on the run. He often thinks the blond hair makes him look stupid and wimpy. He has a very close relationship with his second-oldest brother, Sodapop, who he feels is the only other person, besides Johnny, that he can confide in. His parents died in a car crash, leaving his oldest brother, Darry, to take care of the two of them. Ponyboy feels that Darry is too hard on him and does not love him, but later realizes that Darry is firm with him because he loves both his brothers very much and wants them to have the opportunities that he himself did not have. Ponyboy is often considered, though not clearly stated, the baby, the "kid".
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name=Bbc2019-11-05>
{{cite news
| url = https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-50302788
| title = 100 'most inspiring' novels revealed by BBC Arts
| work = ]
| date = 2019-11-05
| access-date = 2019-11-10
| quote = The reveal kickstarts the BBC's year-long celebration of literature.
}}
</ref>
}}


==Bibliography==
*''']''', 16: "If you can picture a little dark puppy that has been kicked too many times and is lost in a crowd of strangers, you'll have Johnny," says Ponyboy. Johnny is a small and timid boy. His shy and nervous nature stems from years of abuse from his parents and from a recent jumping from a Soc, who is later revealed to be Bob Sheldon. Johnny's face bears scars from the beating from Bob, who was wearing several large rings at the time. Ever since then, Johnny never walks alone, and carries a six-inch switchblade in his back pocket. He looks up to Dallas Winston and is prone to instability and emotional oversensitivity. Although he never finished school, Johnny is very good at analyzing things that many other people do not understand. Johnny is the "gang's pet, everyone's kid brother," and relies on the Greasers for the love and affection he does not get at home. He also does his share with the gang, however. He would do anything to protect Ponyboy, and this is shown while up in Windrixville. Also, he risks his life to save little children, claiming that they have more to live for. He does not have much self-confidence, but in the end, he realizes that he never wanted to die, and sixteen years was too young for anyone.
{{cite book|last1=Hinton|first1=S.E.|title=The Outsiders|date=1967|publisher=SPEAK|location=New York|isbn=9780140385724|url=https://archive.org/details/outsiders000hint}}


==External links==
*''']''', 17: The tough guy of the group, Dallas is considered extremely dangerous. He grew up on the streets of New York and was arrested at the age of 10. Although he is not muscular, many people wouldn't fight him. Dallas is the opposite of Johnny; he is prone to react rashly and violently, even to his friends, and avoids showing emotion as much as possible. He does, however, have a soft spot for Johnny, and is very protective of the younger boy. Ponyboy on Dallas: "He had an elfish face, with high cheekbones and a pointed chin, small, sharp animal teeth, and ears like a lynx. His hair was almost white it was so blonde, and he didn't like haircuts, or hair oil either, so it fell over his forehead in wisps and kicked out the back in tufts and curled behind his ears and along the nape of his neck. His eyes were blue, blazing ice, cold with a hatred of the world." Dally has a record with the police 'a mile long'.
*
*, '']'', April 26, 2017.
* By Dale Peck '']'' September 23, 2007


{{Outsiders (novel)}}
*''']''', 16: The middle Curtis brother, he is described as extremely good looking and is an undefeated fighter, though he is not the runner his brothers are. Sodapop is very carefree, preferring to play around rather than do any work. He isolates himself and smokes only when he is upset; otherwise, he is social and hyperactive. Although he is generally very optimistic, when reality hits him, he descends into an extremely deep funk. Sodapop confides in Ponyboy and sticks up for him when Darry lectures him. He is the only person who can tease Darry and get away with it. Towards the end of the novel, Soda is greatly upset when he learns the hard way that Sandy, a girl he considered his one true love, has moved to Florida and rejected him. "I guess she didn't love him, like he thought she did," Darry says to Ponyboy.
{{Hinton}}

{{BILBY Older Readers Award}}
*''']''', 20: The eldest of the Curtis boys, Darry is tall, broad-shouldered, and muscular. Darry is occasionally perceived as cold and uncaring, as a result of assuming the role of parental figure after the death of his parents, in order to keep the family together. Ponyboy had believed that Darry did not love him, yet later realizes otherwise when Darry cried for him, since Darry did not cry at the death of their parents. Because of his build, Darry is often referred to as "Superman" or "Muscles." However, Darry is quite intelligent, and he seems to at least slightly resent the hulking-strongman stereotype; Steve once calls him "all brawn and no brains," leading Darry to punch him hard in the jaw. He roofs houses for a living. He is Ponyboy's opposite; he is as logical as Ponyboy is imaginative. Darry is extremely concerned about Ponyboy's grades, though not upset about Sodapop dropping out of high school. Darry is very bitter about the fact that he never went to college. Even though he had been offered an athletic ], he turned down the opportunity to raise Sodapop and Ponyboy, thus keeping them out of an ]. Even though Darry is associated with the Greasers, he keeps his hair cut short. Ponyboy notes that Darry is very Soc-like and too "smart" to be a Greaser, and the only reason that Darry was not a Soc was because he would not turn his back on his brothers or the gang.
{{Authority control}}

*''']''', 18: He has been known as "Two-Bit" for so long that even his teachers have forgotten that his real name is Keith. Two-Bit is the joker of the gang, always smiling and cracking jokes. Like Sodapop, he lives for action and fun. Though nearly 19 years old, Two-Bit is still a junior in high school because he finds school "entertaining." With his long sideburns and deep grey eyes, Two-Bit is known as both a shoplifter and a ladies' man, though he is not perceived to be as good-looking as Sodapop. He loves fighting, his stolen black-handled ] (a ] in the film), blondes, and flirting. He flirts with Marcia, even though he knows that she is the girlfriend of a Soc.

*''']''', 17: He has thick greasy hair that he combs back "in complicated swirls." Steve is tall, lean, cocky, and arrogant, though smart and skilled at driving. He is the only one of the gang who does not care much for Ponyboy. Steve has been Sodapop's best friend since grade school; the two even work at the same gas station. Steve and Sodapop often bicker and get into wrestling and arm wrestling matches to vent their excessive energy. Steve does not think before he speaks and sometimes says hurtful things to his friends, even if he does not mean what he says. On one occasion, he called Darry "all brawn and no brains," which infuriated Darry so much that he punched Steve in the jaw and nearly shattered it. He considers Ponyboy a "hanger-on" and does not like when Sodapop brings him along to places.

*''']''', 18: Though he is friends with the main characters, Tim leads a gang that bears his own name. The Shepard gang had rumbled with the Curtises and their friends in the past and they join forces at the rumble against the Socs. Tim is described as having dark, curly hair and blue eyes. A tramp slashed him with a broken pop bottle, so he has a scar from his temple to his chin. He dishes out harsh discipline to his gang. His nose had been broken twice before and was broken a third time during the rumble. Tim and Dallas are "two of a kind," says Ponyboy.

==Slang within the book==
The slang in the book reflects both the times of the setting and its cast; much of it is 1950s slang, while the remainder dates from mid-1960s, when the book was written. The following is a partial list.

* '''booze''' – Any form of alcohol; particularly beer. Likewise, '''boozed''' means drunk
* '''broad''' – A girl
* '''cooler''' – Prison
* '''cancer stick'''; '''weed''' – ]
* '''Chessy Cat''' – Cheshire Cat
*'''Glory'''-some type of exclamation
* '''hacked off''' – To be angry
* '''heater''' – A hand-gun
* '''high''' – Drunk
* '''hot''' – Recently stolen
* '''fly''' – An attractive girl
* '''fuzz''' – Police/law enforcement
* '''Hoods''' – Gang of hardened criminals; bad people, greasers had heart, hoods were just thugs.
* '''JD''' – Juvenile delinquent
* '''jumped''' – To be attacked; the Greasers use this to describe attacks by the Socs
* '''lift''' – To steal, shoplift, or pick-pocket
* '''lighting up''' – Smoking
* '''lone it''' – Doing something alone
* '''rank''' – Something uncool and not fun
* '''rolled''' – To have been robbed or to have robbed
* '''rumble''' – Gang fight
* '''scrap''' – To fight
* '''switchblade''' – hand knife used to defend or show off, usually opening at the push of a button
* '''tuff''' – Something cool or nice
*''' tough''' – Rough; also used as "tough-looking" used as a compliment
* '''woofin'''' – To be kidding

==Film version==
{{main|The Outsiders (film)}}

A film adaptation of the novel was made in 1983 by Francis Ford Coppola. In September 2005, Coppola re-released the film, including 22 minutes of additional footage, entitled ''The Outsiders: The Complete Novel'', reinserting scenes that were left out of the previous version, making this new version much closer to the book.

S.E. Hinton played the nurse in the film.

===Differences between the film and the novel===
{{Trivia|date=September 2007}}
* In the movie when they get off the train the church is right next to the tracks; in the book they had to walk for a bit to get to the church.
* In the movie Soda has brown hair, but in the book he has dark-gold hair.
* In the movie, there is a much greater description of where the Socs and the Greasers hang out.
* In the novel, the two main sides of town are East and West; in the film, they are North and South. S.E. Hinton originally wrote it as North and South; it was changed to East and West because North/South was a real rivalry at the time. Coppola made the decision to go with the original in the film.
* Two-Bit's ] is changed to a ], or butterfly knife, in the film.
*In the novel, Johnny tells Dally to leave the girls alone, and Dally does shortly after, but in the film, he gets angry at Johnny, calling him a "little shit" and a "wise ass".
* While talking to Cherry for the first time in the film, Ponyboy does not mention a few things he talks about in the novel; among them, Soda's favorite horse, "Mickey Mouse", and watching sunsets.
* It is mentioned in the novel that Steve Randle almost had his jaw shattered by Darry after remarking that the older boy was "all brawn and no brain." In the film, he says this without any consequences before the rumble. Also, while he breaks three ribs during the rumble in the novel, he escapes with only cuts and bruises in the film, along with a missing tooth.
* Although Sodapop's girlfriend Sandy leaves him in the novel, she is not mentioned again in the film after Sodapop announces his plans to marry her.
* Dallas is approached by a little girl in Windrixville in the film. This was not in the novel. The part of the little girl is played by the director's daughter, ].
* Ponyboy talks with Dally during the rumble in the novel; in the film, he does not.
* The Brumly Boys do not fight in the rumble in the film, although they are present in the novel.
* Ponyboy keeps Two-Bit from arguing with Johnny's mother in the novel because he doesn't like to see women get verbally abused "even if they deserved it"; however, in the film, he does not intercede when Two-Bit tells Johnny's mother to "go straight to hell".
* Darry pushes Ponyboy in the film but hits him in the novel.
* Randy Adderson's last name is spelled "Anderson" in the film credits.
* In the novel Soda plays pranks on the reporters and police while at the hospital; in the film, he is not even present.
* In the film, Dallas stole money from a man at a drug/convenience store. In the novel, it was from a grocery store.
* In the novel, Dallas crumpled under the street light when shot by police and died ''immediately''. In the movie, he gets up and is shot down repeatedly, but stays alive long enough to crawl over towards Ponyboy and try to speak to him before dying.
* In the book, Dally is said to have "hair so blond it is almost white." In the movie, Dally has brown hair.
* The novel says that in the hospital there were reporters, but in the movie it just cuts to the part were Darry is taking Ponyboy into the house.
* In the novel Two-bit Mathews has thick sideburns.... In the movie he does not.

==TV version==
{{main|The Outsiders (TV series)}}

A 13-part television series based on the characters from the novel was aired in 1990 by ]. S.E. Hinton co-wrote the pilot episode with Alan Shapiro.

==Allusions/references from other works==
{{Trivia|date=September 2007}}
* In the movie '']'', when Damian come into Cady and Gretchen's English class dressed as Santa Claus, behind him on the chalkboard it says "Test on Friday - The Outsiders"
* In the TV series '']'', Earl the protagonist tells his ex wife Joy about how he used to hang out in an abandoned barn with Donnie (his friend) "Ponyboy" style, while the police were after them.
*]'s first major label album was titled '']''. Additionally, an early recording of the song "Hit or Miss" included a clip of Johnny and Ponyboy discussing the sunset.
*] has an album named '']''.
*] have a song named "Stay gold, Ponyboy".
*The Massachusetts metalcore band ] recorded a song called "The Outsiders" on their 2004 album ''Cover Your Tracks''. During live performances of the song the band orchestrates a mosh pit known as a ] and simulates a gang fight.
*]'s animated show '']'' has a gang called "The Greasers", which beats up the main characters a lot.
*The Japanese manga '']'' references Ponyboy and ''The Outsiders'' when the protagonist makes a drastic change from black hair to blonde hair.
*] ]'s eighties novelty hit "]" ends with, "I did it for Johnny," as the explanation of her ].
*In '']'', Wallace observes that a confrontation between two of the town's gangs feels like something from the "Outsiders." Veronica replies, "Stay Cool, Sodapop".
*In '']'', Darlene tells a boy attempting to put his arm around her, "Stop right there, Ponyboy. You and the rest of The Outsiders can just go rumble someplace else."
*In an episode of '']'', entitled "]", a friend of ], ironically named Johnny, tells him in a flashback, "Not only will I stay gold, Ponyboy, I will drink to it."
*In the book '']'' by ], the main character Phillip reads ''The Outsiders''.
*In the video game '']'', random greaser NPCs can be heard saying "Stay Gold Ponyboy" and "Do it for Johnny". Additionally a mission called 'Rumble' Chapter III parallels the fight between the greasers and the socs/preppies.
*In an episode from the first season of '']'', Rory asks Dean to just call her Ponyboy. Later in the episode Dean says "Hey, Ponyboy."
*In the '']'' episode "]", ] is reading the book to ] when he is catatonic and in hospital. The text Jimbo reads, however, is not anywhere in the book.
*In the platform game '']'' the song "Midnight Frankenstein" is by a band called Stay Gold Ponyboy.
*In a scene from the 2005 film '']'' a student reads the scene in which Dally dies from a script of ''The Outsiders''.<!-- I rewrote this but left in the
word "script". Is this accurate? Is this a reference to the script of the film version? Or was the student actually reading from the book? -->
*The band "The Bravery" references the book in the song "Time Won't Let me Go" by saying "Never had a Cherry Valance of my own".
*In ''Summerland'' episode "Fireworks" Cameron and Nikki open the episode discussing the novel
*In the '']'' episode titled "Dirty Laundry", Simon is reading The Outsiders and tells Ruthie how sad the novel is. The entire episode was about being isolated from the mainstream.
*In the novel "A Good Conviction" (see amazon.com ISBN 1595941622) a wrongly convicted young man survives in prison in part by teaching other inmates to read and write using "The Outsiders" as a model.
*In "Idiot Box", an episode of the television program ], a sound clip from the ] is used.
*]'s feature clothing line, Clandestine Industries, has a few clothing items quoting "Stay Gold". He also sports a tattoo on his upper right arm that also quotes it.
* In the second episode of ], Jonah's English class is reading The Outsiders. On the back wall of the room, there is a poster with Ponyboy as the title.
*In the novel Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie, the main character Scott had to read The Outsiders for his English class and decided to tell his friend Patrick to read it but his friend said that he would rather waste his time watching TV.
* In the Children's Book "Madison Finn", they mention about reading The Outsiders in class.

==See also==
*'']'' - Takes place in the same setting, with ] having a small role, being called by his last name, "Curtis."
*'']'' - The film adaptation of the novel
*]
*The ] themed YA novel '']'' (2006) was heavily influenced by S.E. Hinton generally and ''The Outsiders'' in particular.

==External links==
*{{imdb title|id=0086066|title=The Outsiders}}
*
*
*
*
*
* by ], in '']''


{{DEFAULTSORT:Outsiders, The}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Outsiders, The}}
] ]
] ]
] ]
] ]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
] ]

]

Latest revision as of 12:03, 9 December 2024

1967 novel by S. E. Hinton

The Outsiders
First hardcover edition, 1967
AuthorS. E. Hinton
Cover artistRobert Hunt
LanguageEnglish
GenreYoung adult fiction
PublisherViking Press, Dell Publishing
Publication dateApril 24, 1967
Publication placeUnited States
Media typePrint (hardcover, paperback), Audiobook
Pages192
ISBN0-670-53257-6
OCLC64396432
Followed byThat Was Then, This Is Now 

The Outsiders is a coming-of-age novel by S. E. Hinton published in 1967 by Viking Press. The book details the conflict between two rival gangs of White Americans divided by their socioeconomic status: the working-class "Greasers" and the upper-middle-class "Socs" (pronounced /ˈsoʊʃɪz/ SOH-shiz—short for Socials). The story is told in first-person perspective by teenage protagonist Ponyboy Curtis, and takes place in Tulsa, Oklahoma, in 1965, although this is never explicitly stated in the book.

Hinton began writing the novel when she was 15 and wrote the bulk of it when she was 16 and a junior in high school. She was 18 when the book was published. She released the work using her initials rather than her feminine given names (Susan Eloise) so that her gender would not lead male book reviewers to dismiss the work.

A film adaptation was directed in 1983 by Francis Ford Coppola, and a short-lived television series appeared in 1990, picking up where the movie left off. A dramatic stage adaptation was written by Christopher Sergel and published in 1990. A Tony Award-winning stage musical adaptation of the same name premiered on Broadway in 2024.

Plot

Ponyboy Curtis, a fourteen-year-old boy who is a member of a "gang of greasers", is leaving a movie theater when he is jumped by "Socs", the greasers' rival gang. Several greasers, including Ponyboy's two older brothers—the paternal Darry and the popular Sodapop—come to his rescue. The next night, Ponyboy and two greaser friends, the hardened Dally and the quiet Johnny, meet Cherry and Marcia, a pair of Soc girls, at a drive-in movie theater. Cherry scorns Dally's rude advances, but Ponyboy speaks civilly with Cherry, emotionally connecting with a Soc for the first time in his life.

Afterward, Ponyboy, Johnny, and their wisecracking friend Two-Bit begin to walk Cherry and Marcia home, when they are stopped by Cherry's boyfriend Bob, who badly beat up Johnny a few months back. Bob and the greasers exchange taunts, but Cherry prevents a fight by willingly leaving with Bob. Ponyboy gets home at two in the morning, enraging Darry until he suddenly slaps Ponyboy. As Darry tries to apologize, Pony runs out the door and meets up with Johnny, expressing his anger at Darry's increasing coldness in the wake of his parents' recent deaths in a car crash.

Running away from home, Ponyboy and Johnny wander into a park, where Bob and four other Socs surround them. After some heated talk, Ponyboy spits at the Socs, prompting them to attempt to drown him in a nearby fountain, but Johnny stabs Bob, killing him and dispersing the rest. Terrified as to what to do next, Ponyboy and Johnny rush to find Dally, who gives them money and a loaded firearm, directing them to hide in an abandoned church in Windrixville. During their stay there, Pony cuts and dyes his hair as a disguise, reads Gone with the Wind to Johnny, and, upon viewing a beautiful sunrise, recites the poem "Nothing Gold Can Stay" by Robert Frost.

Days later, Dally comes to check on them, revealing that violence between the greasers and Socs has escalated since Bob's death into all-out city-wide warfare, with Cherry acting out of guilt as a spy for the greasers. Johnny decides to turn himself in and Dally agrees to take the boys back home. As they attempt to leave, they notice the church has caught fire and several local schoolchildren have become trapped inside. The greasers run inside the burning church to save the children, but Ponyboy is rendered unconscious by the fumes. At the hospital he discovers that he and Dally are not badly injured, but a piece of the church roof fell on Johnny and broke his back. Sodapop and Darry come to the hospital; Darry breaks down and cries. Ponyboy then realizes that Darry cares about him, and is only hard on him because he loves him and cares about his future.

The following morning the newspapers declare Pony and Johnny heroes, but Johnny will be charged with manslaughter for Bob's death. Two-Bit tells them that the greaser–Soc rivalry is to be settled in a final rumble. Ponyboy and Two-Bit are approached by a Soc named Randy, Bob's best friend, who expresses remorse for his involvement in the gang war, lacks confidence about the rumble ending the feud, and says he will not participate.

Later, Ponyboy visits Johnny at the hospital, where he is in critical condition. On their way home, Pony spots Cherry and they talk. Cherry says she is unwilling to visit Johnny in the hospital because he killed her boyfriend. Pony calls her a traitor, but after she explains herself they end on good terms. After escaping the hospital, Dally shows up just in time for the rumble. The greasers win the fight. Afterward, Pony and Dally hurry back to the hospital to see Johnny, but he dies moments later and a hysterical Dally runs out of the room. Pony returns home that night feeling confused and disoriented. Dally calls the house to say that he has robbed a store and is running from the police. The greasers find Dally deliberately pointing an unloaded firearm at the police, causing them to shoot and kill him. Overwhelmed, Ponyboy faints and is sick in bed for many days due to the resulting concussion from the rumble. When the hearing finally comes, the judge frees Ponyboy from responsibility for Bob's death and allows Pony to remain at home with Darry and Sodapop.

Ponyboy returns to school, but his grades drop. Although he is failing English, his teacher, Mr. Syme, says he will pass him if he writes a decent theme. In the copy of Gone with the Wind that Johnny gave him before dying, Ponyboy finds a letter from Johnny describing how he will die proudly after saving the kids from the fire. Johnny also urges Ponyboy to "stay golden". Ponyboy decides to write his English assignment about the recent events, and begins his essay with the opening line of the novel: "When I stepped out into the bright sunlight from the darkness of the movie house, I had only two things on my mind: Paul Newman and a ride home".

Major characters

Greasers

  • Ponyboy Curtis: The narrator and the youngest Curtis brother, Ponyboy is 14 years old, and gets good grades and runs track. He is the most sensitive of the greasers (besides Johnny), and enjoys reading books.
  • Sodapop "Soda" Curtis: The middle Curtis brother, 16 years old, a popular high school dropout who works at a gas station. He is often described as being attractive and comedic, the reason for his popularity. He is a supportive brother to Ponyboy.
  • Darrel "Darry" Curtis: The oldest Curtis brother, 20 years old, who has been caring for his brothers since their parents died in a car crash. He is the unofficial leader of the gang. He is described as being very athletic and strong.
  • Johnny Cade: Ponyboy's best friend. 16 years old, who is extremely quiet and lives with his alcoholic, neglectful, and abusive parents. He is sensitive in the first part of the book. However, in the latter part of the book, Johnny faces his fears, becoming a hero-like figure.
  • Dallas "Dally" Winston: A 17-year-old juvenile delinquent, he is the roughest and most volatile of the greasers, but cares more about Johnny than he does anyone else. He lived on the streets of New York City for three years. He carries an unloaded firearm at all times.
  • Keith "Two-Bit" Mathews: A wise-cracking kleptomaniac. He is known for carrying a switchblade.
  • Steve Randle: Sodapop's best friend since grade school.
  • Timothy "Tim" Shepard: Leader of another greaser gang: an organized downtown one. He is also a friend of Dally's.
  • Curly Shepard: Tim Shepard's younger brother, mentioned as a friend of Ponyboy's.
  • Sandy: Sodapop's disloyal girlfriend, who eventually leaves him.

Socs

  • Sherri "Cherry" Valance: Attends the same high school as Ponyboy. Bob's girlfriend.
  • Robert "Bob" Sheldon: Considered the leader of the Socs. Cherry's boyfriend who is stabbed and killed by Johnny.
  • Randy Adderson: Bob's best friend and Marcia's boyfriend. After Bob’s death, Randy has a conversation with Ponyboy requesting for peace.
  • Marcia: Cherry's best friend and Randy's girlfriend.
  • Paul Holden: Darry's old friend from high school.
  • David: A member of the Socs who tries to drown Ponyboy in the fountain.

Other characters

  • Jerry Wood: The schoolteacher responsible for the children who were in the seemingly abandoned church.
  • Mr. Syme: Ponyboy's English teacher who assigns him a theme to write that becomes the story of the novel itself.

Controversy

The Outsiders was a controversial book at the time of its publication; it is still currently challenged and debated. It was ranked #38 on the American Library Association’s Top 100 Most Frequently Challenged Books of 1990–1999. This book has been banned from some schools and libraries because of the portrayal of gang violence, underage smoking and drinking, strong language/slang, and family dysfunction. However, in many U.S. schools, the book is part of the English curriculum at the middle- or high-school level.

Critical reception

On November 5, 2019, the BBC News listed The Outsiders on its list of the 100 most influential novels.

Legacy

Ponyboy Curtis appears in Hinton's later novel That Was Then, This Is Now (1971).

The 1983 film adaptation, directed by Francis Ford Coppola, has retained a fanbase since its release. The film is notable for casting young actors before their rise to fame, which includes C. Thomas Howell, Ralph Macchio, Matt Dillon, Patrick Swayze, Rob Lowe, Emilio Estevez, Tom Cruise, and Diane Lane.

A television series based on the characters of the novel and film aired in 1990. It consists of a different cast playing the same characters. It picks up right after the events of the film's ending and lasted only one season.

In Rockstar Games' 2006 video game Bully, The Greasers and the Preppies/Preps, are based on The Outsiders.

A stage musical of the same name held its world premiere at La Jolla Playhouse in February/March 2023. The production will be directed by Danya Taymor from a libretto by Adam Rapp, with songs by Jamestown Revival and music supervision, arrangements, and orchestrations by Justin Levine. The show began previews on Broadway at the Bernard B. Jacobs Theatre on March 16, 2024 and officially opened on April 11. It received 12 nominations at the 77th Tony Awards, winning 4 including Best Musical.

Museum and film locations

The Outsiders House Museum opened in Tulsa, Oklahoma, on August 9, 2019. In 2009, hip-hop artist Danny Boy O'Connor discovered the house that was used for the Curtis Brothers' home. Moving forward O'Connor kept the thought of buying it, which he eventually did in 2016. O'Connor said he bought it sight unseen and when he first went inside that it was falling apart. With the help of friends, the Oklahoma Film and Music Office, the City Council, local business and individuals who volunteered the restoration started. After raising funds the house went through extensive renovations to restore it and maintain its authenticity from the film. A GoFundMe was set up for additional funds, notable donors include Jack White who donated $30,000 and Billy Idol. Also to raise funds, screenings of the film were organized that actor C. Thomas Howell attended. Also in 2016, the street signs on the corner were changed to "The Outsiders way" and "The Curtis Brothers Lane". Since its opening, the museum now contains a collection of The Outsiders memorabilia. Aside from Howell, between its restoration and opening, other stars of the films visited this includes Rob Lowe, Ralph Macchio, and Matt Dillon. For his efforts on preserving a cultural landmark O'Connor received a key to the city of Tulsa.

In 2022, in Sperry, Oklahoma, the group Upward Sperry restored the now un-operational DX gas station seen in the film. The group's president Gary Coulson said, "It's really growing. I almost hate to say, but it's almost like a cult following. They stream through here – what that does is get people here." With O'Connor they are planning to revitalize Outsiders nostalgia in Sperry.

References

  1. ^ "SE Hinton.com". www.sehinton.com. Archived from the original on April 25, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.
  2. Hinton, S. E. (2005) . "speaking with S. E. Hinton". The Outsiders. Speak/Penguin Putnam. p. 162. ISBN 0-14-038572-X.
  3. "Frequently Asked Questions". sehinton.com. Archived from the original on October 13, 2007. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  4. "The Outsiders Musical to Make World Premiere at la Jolla Playhouse | TheaterMania".
  5. Hinton 1967, p. 180.
  6. Fallon, Claire (2017). "50 Years After 'The Outsiders,' S.E. Hinton Is Sure The Characters Aren’t Gay". The Huffington Post. HuffPost News (Oath Inc.).
  7. "100 most frequently challenged books: 1990–1999 | American Library Association". Ala.org. Retrieved July 24, 2012.
  8. Banned Books: Young Adult Novels.University of Tulsa Department of Special Collections.
  9. Cummings, Siena (2017). "After 50 years, 'Outsiders' continues to 'stay gold'." Standard-Examiner. Ogden Publishing Corporation.
  10. "100 'most inspiring' novels revealed by BBC Arts". BBC News. November 5, 2019. Retrieved November 10, 2019. The reveal kickstarts the BBC's year-long celebration of literature.
  11. Hinton, S.E. (1971). That Was Then, This Is Now. New-York: Penguin Group. pp. 43–64. ISBN 978-0-14-038966-1.
  12. "AFI|Catalog". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved April 2, 2022.
  13. O'Shansky, Joe (August 4, 2016). "The Curtis House in Crutchfield". TulsaPeople Magazine. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved June 6, 2017.
  14. Tramel, Jimmie (March 25, 2022). "'The Outsiders' actor Matt Dillon tours Outsiders House Museum". Tulsa World. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
  15. "The Outsiders Musical to Make World Premiere at la Jolla Playhouse". Theater Mania. March 8, 2022.
  16. Paulson, Michael. "'The Outsiders,' a Broadway Adaptation of the Classic Novel, Wins the Tony for Best Musical". The New York Times.
  17. Tramel, Jimmie (August 5, 2019). "Outsiders House history stretches from land run to museum's opening night". Tulsa World. Archived from the original on April 25, 2022. Retrieved April 25, 2022.
  18. Barnard, Matt (August 8, 2019). "From ruins to Tulsa icon: The story behind the famous Outsiders House". Tulsa World. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  19. Krischer, Hayley (March 19, 2017). "Why 'Outsiders' lives on: a teen novel turns 50". The Herald: 3D.
  20. O'Shansky, Joe (August 4, 2016). "The Curtis House in Crutchfield". TulsaPeople Magazine. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved June 6, 2017.
  21. Graham, Ginnnie (April 2, 2016). "Ginnie Graham: Going inside 'The Outsiders' house". Tulsa World. Retrieved June 6, 2017.
  22. Terrell, Ron (January 12, 2017). "'Outsiders' House: The Latest On The Renovations". Fox23 News. Archived from the original on April 13, 2022. Retrieved June 6, 2017.
  23. Jayne, Ian (August 26, 2016). "A hip-hop icon is included in a team of enthusiasts dedicated to preserving The Outsiders house". Oklahoma Gazette. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  24. Barnard, Matt (August 8, 2019). "From ruins to Tulsa icon: The story behind the famous Outsiders House". Tulsa World. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  25. Graham, Ginnie (May 5, 2017). "From the Outside: Hip-hop artist Danny Boy O'Connor saves a house, finds a mission". Tulsa World. Tulsa, OK. Retrieved July 28, 2021.
  26. Tramel, Jimmie (August 5, 2019). "Outsiders House history stretches from land run to museum's opening night". Tulsa World. Archived from the original on April 25, 2022. Retrieved April 25, 2022.
  27. Tramel, Jimmie (March 25, 2022). "'The Outsiders' actor Matt Dillon tours Outsiders House Museum". Tulsa World. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved March 26, 2022.
  28. "Stay gold: Hinton, Howell, O'Connor honored". Tulsa World. November 3, 2018.
  29. Ayer, Justin (September 26, 2022). "DX gas station from 'The Outsiders' draws revitalization in Sperry". 2 News Oklahoma. Retrieved September 30, 2022.

Bibliography

Hinton, S.E. (1967). The Outsiders. New York: SPEAK. ISBN 9780140385724.

External links

S. E. Hinton's The Outsiders (1967)
Characters
Adaptations
Related
Category
S. E. Hinton
Bibliography
Books
Characters
Adaptations
Books I Love Best Yearly: Older Readers Award
Categories: