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{{short description|Misplaced Pages list article}} {{Short description|None}}
A '''multimedia franchise''' (or a '''transmedia franchise''') is a ] for which installments exist in multiple forms of ], such as ]s, ]s, ], ], and ]s. Multimedia franchises usually develop due to the popularization of an original creative work, and then its expansion to other media through ]s, with respect to ] in the franchise's characters and settings,<ref>See, e.g., Barry Langford, ''Post-classical Hollywood: Film Industry, Style and Ideology Since 1945'', p. 207, {{ISBN|074863858X}}: "For the studios, a home-run is a film from which a multimedia 'franchise' can be generated; the colossally expensive creation of cross-media conglomerates predicated on synergistic rewards provides an obvious imperative to develop such products".</ref> although the trend later developed wherein franchises would be launched in multiple forms of media simultaneously.<ref name="Brown">Harry J. Brown, ''Videogames and Education'' (2008), p. 41, {{ISBN|0765629496}}: A '''multimedia franchise''' (or a '''transmedia franchise''') is a ] for which installments exist in multiple forms of ], such as ]s, ]s, ], ], ] and ]s. Multimedia franchises usually develop due to the popularization of an original creative work, and then its expansion to other media through ]s, with respect to ] in the franchise's characters and settings,<ref>See, e.g., Barry Langford, ''Post-classical Hollywood: Film Industry, Style and Ideology Since 1945'', p. 207, {{ISBN|074863858X}}: "For the studios, a home-run is a film from which a multimedia 'franchise' can be generated; the colossally expensive creation of cross-media conglomerates predicated on synergistic rewards provides an obvious imperative to develop such products".</ref> although the trend later developed wherein franchises would be launched in multiple forms of media simultaneously.<ref name="Brown">Harry J. Brown, ''Videogames and Education'' (2008), p. 41, {{ISBN|0765629496}}:


{{quote|In one of the most celebrated ventures in media convergence, Larry and Andy Wachowski, creators of ''The Matrix'' trilogy, produced the game ''Enter the Matrix'' (2003) simultaneously with the last two films of the trilogy, shooting scenes for the game on the movie's sets with the movie s actors, and releasing the game on the same day as ''The Matrix: Reloaded''. Likewise, on September 21, 2004, Lucasfilm jointly released a new DVD box set of the original ''Star Wars'' trilogy with ''Star Wars: Battlefront'', a combat game in which players can reenact battles from all six ''Star Wars'' films. In 2005, Peter Jackson likewise produced his blockbuster film ''King Kong'' (2005) in tandem with a successful ''King Kong'' game designed by Michael Ancel and published by Ubisoft. In the last several years, numerous licensed videogame adaptations of major summer and holiday blockbusters were released a few days before or a few days after their respective films, including: all three ''Star Wars'' films (1999–2005); all five ''Harry Potter'' films (2001–2008); all three ''Spider-Man'' films (2002–2007); ''Hulk'' (2002); ''The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers'' (2002); ''The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King'' (2003); ''The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe'' (2005); ''Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest'' (2006); ''Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End'' (2007); and ''Transformers'' (2007). These multimedia franchises have made it more difficult to distinguish the production of films and videogames as separate enterprises.}}</ref> {{blockquote|In one of the most celebrated ventures in media convergence, Larry and Andy Wachowski, creators of ''The Matrix'' trilogy, produced the game ''Enter the Matrix'' (2003) simultaneously with the last two films of the trilogy, shooting scenes for the game on the movie's sets with the movie s actors, and releasing the game on the same day as ''The Matrix: Reloaded''. Likewise, on September 21, 2004, Lucasfilm jointly released a new DVD box set of the original ''Star Wars'' trilogy with ''Star Wars: Battlefront'', a combat game in which players can reenact battles from all six ''Star Wars'' films. In 2005, Peter Jackson likewise produced his blockbuster film ''King Kong'' (2005) in tandem with a successful ''King Kong'' game designed by Michael Ancel and published by Ubisoft. In the last several years, numerous licensed videogame adaptations of major summer and holiday blockbusters were released a few days before or a few days after their respective films, including: all three ''Star Wars'' films (1999–2005); all five ''Harry Potter'' films (2001–2008); all three ''Spider-Man'' films (2002–2007); ''Hulk'' (2002); ''The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers'' (2002); ''The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King'' (2003); ''The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe'' (2005); ''Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest'' (2006); ''Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End'' (2007); and ''Transformers'' (2007). These multimedia franchises have made it more difficult to distinguish the production of films and videogames as separate enterprises.}}</ref>


In order to qualify for this list, a franchise must have works in at least '''three''' forms of media, and must have two or more separate works in at least '''two''' of those forms of media (a television series or comic book series is considered a single work for purposes of this list; multiple spin-off series or ] of a previously ended series are considered multiple works). For example, a television series that spawned one film and one novelization would not qualify; a television series that had a spin-off series, or was remade as a new series, and which spawned two films and one novelization does qualify. This list does not include ], but which do not involve licensing or other means by which an author or owner controls the franchise. A franchise may be included if it obtained multimedia franchise status prior to works within the collection entering the public domain. In order to qualify for these lists, a franchise must have works in at least '''three''' forms of media, and must have two or more separate works in at least '''two''' of those forms of media (a television series or comic book series is considered a single work for purposes of this list; multiple spin-off series or ] of a previously ended series are considered multiple works). For example, a television series that spawned one film and one novelization would not qualify; a television series that had a spin-off series, or was remade as a new series, and which spawned two films and one novelization does qualify. These lists do not include ] only after the works entered the public domain, which do not involve licensing or other means by which an author or owner controls the franchise. A franchise may be included if it obtained multimedia franchise status prior to works within the collection entering the public domain.


Following are lists of multimedia franchises, divided by media characteristics:
Note: In the following table, the initial media through which the franchise characters or settings became known is shown in boldface. Only works of fiction are only considered part of the series; a book or a documentary film ''about'' the franchise is not itself an installment in the franchise.


==Franchises originating in literary works== ==Multimedia franchises originating in print==
{{main|List of multimedia franchises originating in print}} {{main|List of multimedia franchises originating in print}}
;Franchises originating in literary works
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==Franchises originating in comics and printed cartoons== ;Franchises originating in comics strips, comic books and webcomics, and other printed cartoons
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{{main|List of multimedia franchises originating in print}}
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==Franchises originating in television series== ==Multimedia franchises originating in television and web series==
{{main|List of multimedia franchises originating in television series}} {{main|List of multimedia franchises originating in television series}}


==Franchises originating in films== ;Franchises originating in animated television and web series
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{{main|List of multimedia franchises originating in films}}
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==Franchises originating in video games== ;Franchises originating in live action television and web series
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*]<ref>Not related to the Marvel franchise.</ref>
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==Multimedia franchises originating in films==
===Including film and/or television works===
{{main|List of multimedia franchises originating in films}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1"
! style="width:10%;"| '''Franchise'''<br><small>(Creator)</small>
! style="width:10%;"| '''Literature'''
! style="width:10%;"| '''Comics'''
! style="width:10%;"| '''Animated films'''
! style="width:10%;"| '''Live action films'''
! style="width:10%;"| '''Animated TV series'''
! style="width:10%;"| '''Live action TV series'''
! style="width:20%;"| '''Video games'''
! style="width:10%;"| '''Other media'''
|-
| ]<br><small>(])</small> || yes || yes || '']'' (2016)<br>'']'' (2019) || no || '']'' (2013-)<br>'']'' (2014) || no || ''''']''''' (2009)<br>] || theme parks, toys, food products
|-
| ]<br><small>(])</small> || ]<br> || ] || ] || '']'' (2009) <small>(short)</small><br>'']'' (2016) || no || no || ''''']''''' (2007)<br>] ||
|-
| ]<br><small>(])</small> || ] || ] || '']'' (2008)<br>'']'' (2011) || no || no || no ||''''']''''' (2008)<br>] ||-
|-
|]<br><small>(])</small> || ] || ]<br>] || no || no || '']'' (2007) || no || ''''']''''' (2001)<br>several sequels || -
|-
| ]<br><small>(])</small> || ] || Doom (1996) || no || '']'' (2005) <br> ] (2019) || no || no || ''''']''''' (1993)<br>] || '']''
|-
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| ] || ] || '']'' (2012) || no || no || '']'' (2011) || ''''']''''' (2009)<br>] || ]
|-
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| ] || ] || '']'' (1994)<br>'']'' (2001)<br>'']'' (2005)<br>'']'' (2005) || no || yes || no || ''''']''''' (1987)<br>] || ]
|-
| ]<br><small>(])</small> || ] || ] || '']'' (2010)|| no || no || '']'' (2012)<br>] || ''''']''''' (2001)<br>] || ], board game, action figures ]

|-
|]<br><small>(Kemono Friends Project, ])</small>||various guide books||''Kemono Friends: Welcome to Japari Park!'' (2015-2017)<br>''Kemono Friends à la carte''<br>''Kemono Friends 2'' || no || no || ''Kemono Friends'' (2017)<br>''Kemono Friends 2'' (2019) ||no|| '''''Kemono Friends''''' (2015-2016 ])<br>various other mobile games, ] game, arcade game || ''Welcome to Japari Park'' (2018–present, ])<br> two stage musicals, various music CDs, audio plays, '']'' ] cards

|-
| ]<br><small>(])</small> || no || ] || no || '']'' (2010)|| '']'' (2005–2006)<br>'']'' (2017) || no || ''''']''''' (1994)<br>] || ]
|-
| ]<br><small>(])</small> || no || '']'' (manga 1995-2006)<br>Various (manga) || no || no || '']'' (2001-2003) || no || ''''']''''' (1992)<br>] || ],<br>clothes, toys
|-
| ]<br><small>(], ])</small>|| ] || ] || no || no || '']'' (1989) || no || ''''']''''' (1986)<br>] || ]
|-
|]<ref>Roger Parry, ''The Ascent of Media: From Gilgamesh to Google Via Gutenberg'' (2011), p. 317, {{ISBN|1857885708}}: "Along with associated feature films, comic books, and character merchandise, Mario has become a hugely valuable global multimedia franchise".</ref><br><small>(])</small>|| ] || ]<br>] (comics)<br>] (manga) || '']'' (1986) || '']'' (1993) || ] || '']'' || ''''']''''' (1981)<br>numerous sequels and spin-offs || ]
|-
|] || '']'' (2007)<br>several sequels || ] || '']'' (2012) || no || no || no || ''''']''''' (2007)<br>] || ]
|-
|] || '']'' || ] || no || no || '']'' (1994–1995)<br>'']'' (2002–2003)<br>'']'' (2006–2007) || no || ''''']''''' (1987)<br>] || -
|-
|]<br><small>(], ])</small>|| yes || ] || '']'' (2020) || '']'' (1995)<br>'']'' (1997)<br>'']'' (2021) || '']'' (1996) || '']'' (1998)<br>'']'' (2011) || ''''']''''' (1992),<br>numerous sequels || collectible card game, live show, action figures
|-
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| no || yes || no || no || ] (1982–1983) || no || ''''']''''' (1980),<br>numerous sequels || collectible card game, live show, action figures
|-
|]<br><small>(], ])</small>|| yes || ] || ] || '']'' (2019) || ] || no || ''''']''''', various series beginning in 1996 || ], ]
|-
| ]<br><small>(])</small>|| no || ] (2004–2008)<br>] (2010–2011) || '']'' (2016) || no || no || no || ''''']''''' (2002)<br>] || ]
|-
| ]<br><small>(], ])</small>|| no || yes || no || no || '']'' (1999–2000) || no || ''''']''''' (1995)<br>] || Toy
|-
| ]<br><small>(])</small>|| ] || ] || '']'' (2008)<br>'']'' (2012) || ] || no || no || ''''']''''' (1996)<br>] || ]
|-
|] <br><small>(])</small> || yes || ] || no || '']'' (2006)<br /> '']'' (2012) || no || no || ''''']''''' (1999)<br />numerous sequels || ]
|-
|] || yes || ] || no || '']'' (2020) || yes || no || ''''']''''' (1991)<br>] || ]
|-
|] || yes || '']'' (1993)<br>'']'' (2003–2018, numerous manga) || yes || '']'' (1994)<br>'']'' (2009) || yes || '']'' (2014–Present) || ''''']''''' (1987)<br>] || Card game.
|-
|] || no || ] (manga) || '']'' (1998)<br>'']'' (2011) || '']'' (2010) || no || no || ''''']''''' (1994)<br>] ||-
|-
|] || ] || ] || no || '']'' (2001)<br>'']'' (2003)<br>'']'' (2018) || '']'' (2007) || no || ''''']''''' (1996)<br>] || ], ]
|-
| ] || ] || ] || no || '']'' (2016) || no || no || ''''']''''' (1994)<br>] || ]
|-
| ]<br><small>(])</small> || ] || no || no || '']'' (1999) || '']'' (1996) || no || ''''']''''' (1990)<br>] || ]
|}

===Not including film and/or television works===
{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" style="width:60%; margin:auto;" align="left"
! style="width:10%;"| '''Franchise'''<br><small>(Creator)</small>!! style="width:10%;"| '''Literature''' !! style="width:10%;"| '''Comics''' !! style="width:20%;"| '''Video games''' !! style="width:10%;"| '''Other media'''
|-
|] || ] || ] || ''''']''''' (1996)<br>'']'' (2000)<br>'']'' (2012) ||-
|-
| ] || '']'' (2008)<br>several sequels || ] || ''''']''''' (2006)<br>'']'' (2008)<br>'']'' (2011)<br>'']'' (2013) || ]
|-
| ] || ] || ] || '']'' (2005)<br>] || ]
|-
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| yes || ] || ''''']''''' (1987)<br>] || ]
|-
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| ] || trilogy graphic novels based on novels trilogy || ''''']''''' (2014)<br>] || merchandise
|-
|-
|] || ] || ] || ''''']''''' (1998 and later expansions)<br>'']'' (2010 and later expansions)<br> || tabletop games
|}
{{Clear|left}}


==Franchises originating in board games, card games, table-top games, and role-playing games== ;Franchises originating in animated films
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1"
*]
! style="width:10%;"| '''Franchise'''<br><small>(Creator)</small>
*]
! style="width:10%;"| '''Literature'''
*]
! style="width:10%;"| '''Comics'''
*]
! style="width:10%;"| '''Animated films'''
*]
! style="width:10%;"| '''Live action films'''
*]
! style="width:10%;"| '''Animated TV series'''
*]
! style="width:10%;"| '''Live action TV series'''
*]
! style="width:10%;"| '''Video games'''
*]
! style="width:20%;"| '''Other media'''
*]
|-
*]
|]<br><small>(], ])</small>|| ] || ] || no || no || '']'' (1994) || no || yes ||''''']'' wargame'''<br>several other table-top games
*]
|-
*]
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| 3 novels || yes || no || no || no || no || '']'' ||'''''Car Wars'' table-top game'''<br>other table-top games
*]
|-
*]
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| ] || ] || '']'' (2008) || '']'' (2000)<br>two sequels || '']'' (1983–1985) || no || ] || '''''Dungeons & Dragons'' role-playing game'''<br>board games
*]
|-
*]
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| several || several || no || no || no || no || several || '''''Magic: The Gathering'' trading card game'''
*]
|-
*]
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| 3 novels || yes || no || '']'' (2008) || no || no || '']'' (1995) || '''''Mutant Chronicles'' role-playing game'''<br>several table-top games<br>
*]
|-
*]
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| ] || no || no || no || no || no || ] || '''''Shadowrun'' role-playing game'''<br>several other table-top games
*]
|-
*]
| ] <small>(])</small> || ]<br>] || ]<br>] || '']'' (2010) || no || no || no || ] || '''''] miniature wargame'''''<br>several other table-top games
*]
|-
*]
| ] <small>(])</small> || several || yes || no || no || no || '']'' (1996) || yes || '''''] role-playing game'''''<br>several other table-top games
*]
|}
{{div col end}}


==Franchises originating in toys, attractions and other media== ;Franchises originating in live-action films
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1"
*]
! style="width:10%;"| '''Franchise'''<br><small>(Creator)</small>
*]
! style="width:10%;"| '''Literature'''
*]
! style="width:10%;"| '''Comics'''
*]
! style="width:10%;"| '''Animated films'''
*]
! style="width:10%;"| '''Live action films'''
*]
! style="width:10%;"| '''Animated TV series'''
*]
! style="width:10%;"| '''Live action TV series'''
*]
! style="width:10%;"| '''Video games'''
*]
! style="width:20%;"| '''Toys, attractions and other media'''
*]
|-
*]
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| no || yes || '']'' (1987)<br>'']'' (1999)<br>'']'' (2000)<br>several TV specials || '']'' (2004)<br>'']'' (2007)<br>'']'' (2009)<br>'']'' (2011)<br>'']'' (2015) || '']'' (1961–1962)<br>'']'' (1983–1990)<br>'']'' (2010) || no || yes || ''''']'''''; ]<br>live stage show
*]
|-
*]
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| ''Year of the Black Rainbow'' (2010) || ] || no || upcoming || no || no || yes || ''']''' by ]
*]
|-
*]
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| numerous || no || no ||] || no|| no || ] || ''']''' dolls
*]
|-
*]
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| numerous || yes || ] direct to video || no || '']'' (2012–)|| no || ] || ''']''' fashion dolls
*]
|-
|] *]
*]
(])
*]
|''BanG_Dream! Star Beat'' (2016)
*]
|]
*]
|''BanG Dream! Film Live'' (2019)
*]
''BanG Dream! Episode of Roselia (2021)''
*]
|no
*]
|'''''BanG Dream!''''' (2017-2020)
*]
''BanG Dream! Girls Band Party! Pico'' (2018–2020)
*]
|no
*]
|''''']''''' (2017)
*]
|'''Live Concerts, ]''' and various merchandise
*]
|-
*]
|]<br><small>(Carter Bryant)</small>|| several || no || ] direct to video || '']'' (2007)|| '']'' (2005–2006)|| '']'' (2008) || ] ||''']''' fashion dolls<br>]
*]
|-
{{div col end}}
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| numerous || several ||yes ||] and several others|| no || yes || ] ||'''] ''' Stage plays
|-
|]<br><small>(], ])</small>|| ] || ] || several || no || several || no || ] ||''']''' greeting cards<br>various merchandise
|-
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| '']'' Light Novel (2001) || ] || ] || no || ] || no || ] || ''']'''<br>]
|-
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| no || ] || '']'' (1987) || '']'' (2009)<br>'']'' (2013) || Various productions, beginning with '']'' (1985–1987) || no || ] || ]
|-
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| ] (1979–1992)<br>'']'' (2006) || ] || no || '']'' (2005) || no || '']'' (1981) || ] || ] (1978–1980)<br>stage play
|-
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| ] || no || '']'' franchise; ] || no || no|| no || ] || ''']''' building blocks; ] theme park
|-
|]<br><small>(] or ])</small>|| '']'' (1936), and numerous others || '']''| || no || '']'' (1938 film serial); || '']'' (1966–1968) || '']'' (1949–1957); ] || '']'' (1991) || '''''The Lone Ranger''''' (1933 radio show)
|-
|]<br><small>(])</small> || '']'' (2006) || no || '']'' || numerous || no || '']'' || no || ''''']''''' (1999)<br>Numerous other stage plays
|-
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| yes || yes<!-- There were the ones existed before the 2012 FIM comics. --> || '']'' (1986)<br>Various direct-to-video films produced in 2000s<!-- Hasbro isn't officially using terms like "Generation 3" for MLP, unlike Transformers Generation 1. --><br>'']'' (2013) and two sequels<br>'' ]'' (2017) || no || '']'' (1984 TV special)<!-- It's titled "My Little Pony" onscreen. "Rescue at Midnight Castle" is the title of 2-part edit. Will rename the article later. --><br>''My Little Pony: Escape from Catrina'' (1985 TV special)<br>'']'' (1986, part of ''My Little Pony {{'}}n Friends'' ])<br>'']'' (1992)<br>'']'' (2010) || no || yes || '''My Little Pony''' (toy line)
|-
|]<br><small>(])</small>|| no || no || no || '']'' (1968)<br>'']'' (1998) || '']'' (1975–1977) || '']'' (1970–1975)<br>'']'' (1982–1983)<br>'']'' (2015) || no || ''''']''''' (1965 stage play)
|-
|]
<small>(])</small>
|yes
|''Mobile Police Patlabor'' (1988−1994)
|'']'' (1989)
'']'' (1993)


==Multimedia franchises originating in games, toys, and merchandise==
'']'' (2002)
{{main|List of multimedia franchises originating in games, toys, and merchandise}}
|] (2015)
|] (1989−1990)
|'']'' (2014–2015)
|yes
|'''''Patlabor: Early Days''''' (1988–1989 ])
'']'' (1990–1992 ])


;Franchises originating in video games including film or television works
''Patlabor Concert Tour '92: Project Tokyo''
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;Franchises originating in video games not including film or television works
soundtracks
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;Franchises originating in board games, card games, tabletop games and role-playing games
toys
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;Franchises originating in toys, attractions and other media
model kits
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|]<ref name="Brown"/><br><small>(])</small>|| '']'' (12 books)<br>'']'' (5 books)<br>'']'' || no || no || ] (2003–2017) || no || no || ] || ''']''', beginning in 1967
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|]<br><small>(])</small>|| yes || yes || several || no || several || no || ] || ''']''' greeting cards<br>various merchandise
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|]<ref name="Brown"/><ref>Marc DiPaolo, ''War, Politics and Superheroes: Ethics and Propaganda in Comics and Film'' (2011), p. 39, {{ISBN|0786485795}}: "The multimedia franchise is bolstered by the imaginations of the Transformers fans that imbue the flimsy material with their own potent fantasies of family cars and household devices turning into robots".</ref><br><small>(], based on two existing toy lines created by ])</small>|| ] || ] || '']'' (1986) || ] (2007-) || '']'' (1982–1987); various series || no || ] || ]
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==See also== ==See also==
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==References== ==References==
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{{Media series}} {{Media series}}
{{List of lists|mass media}}


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Latest revision as of 04:56, 14 December 2024

A multimedia franchise (or a transmedia franchise) is a media franchise for which installments exist in multiple forms of media, such as books, comics, films, television series, animated series and video games. Multimedia franchises usually develop due to the popularization of an original creative work, and then its expansion to other media through licensing agreements, with respect to intellectual property in the franchise's characters and settings, although the trend later developed wherein franchises would be launched in multiple forms of media simultaneously.

In order to qualify for these lists, a franchise must have works in at least three forms of media, and must have two or more separate works in at least two of those forms of media (a television series or comic book series is considered a single work for purposes of this list; multiple spin-off series or reboots of a previously ended series are considered multiple works). For example, a television series that spawned one film and one novelization would not qualify; a television series that had a spin-off series, or was remade as a new series, and which spawned two films and one novelization does qualify. These lists do not include public domain works from which adaptations have been made in multiple media only after the works entered the public domain, which do not involve licensing or other means by which an author or owner controls the franchise. A franchise may be included if it obtained multimedia franchise status prior to works within the collection entering the public domain.

Following are lists of multimedia franchises, divided by media characteristics:

Multimedia franchises originating in print

Main article: List of multimedia franchises originating in print
Franchises originating in literary works
Franchises originating in comics strips, comic books and webcomics, and other printed cartoons

Multimedia franchises originating in television and web series

Main article: List of multimedia franchises originating in television series
Franchises originating in animated television and web series
Franchises originating in live action television and web series

Multimedia franchises originating in films

Main article: List of multimedia franchises originating in films
Franchises originating in animated films
Franchises originating in live-action films

Multimedia franchises originating in games, toys, and merchandise

Main article: List of multimedia franchises originating in games, toys, and merchandise
Franchises originating in video games including film or television works
Franchises originating in video games not including film or television works
Franchises originating in board games, card games, tabletop games and role-playing games
Franchises originating in toys, attractions and other media

See also

References

  1. See, e.g., Barry Langford, Post-classical Hollywood: Film Industry, Style and Ideology Since 1945, p. 207, ISBN 074863858X: "For the studios, a home-run is a film from which a multimedia 'franchise' can be generated; the colossally expensive creation of cross-media conglomerates predicated on synergistic rewards provides an obvious imperative to develop such products".
  2. Harry J. Brown, Videogames and Education (2008), p. 41, ISBN 0765629496:

    In one of the most celebrated ventures in media convergence, Larry and Andy Wachowski, creators of The Matrix trilogy, produced the game Enter the Matrix (2003) simultaneously with the last two films of the trilogy, shooting scenes for the game on the movie's sets with the movie s actors, and releasing the game on the same day as The Matrix: Reloaded. Likewise, on September 21, 2004, Lucasfilm jointly released a new DVD box set of the original Star Wars trilogy with Star Wars: Battlefront, a combat game in which players can reenact battles from all six Star Wars films. In 2005, Peter Jackson likewise produced his blockbuster film King Kong (2005) in tandem with a successful King Kong game designed by Michael Ancel and published by Ubisoft. In the last several years, numerous licensed videogame adaptations of major summer and holiday blockbusters were released a few days before or a few days after their respective films, including: all three Star Wars films (1999–2005); all five Harry Potter films (2001–2008); all three Spider-Man films (2002–2007); Hulk (2002); The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (2002); The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003); The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe (2005); Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest (2006); Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End (2007); and Transformers (2007). These multimedia franchises have made it more difficult to distinguish the production of films and videogames as separate enterprises.

  3. Not related to the Marvel franchise.
Media franchises
Media series
Media lists
Highest-grossing
Best-selling
Disambiguation iconThis article includes a mass media-related list of lists. Categories: