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	{{Short description\|Father of Zhu Yuanzhang}}		{{Short description\|Father of Zhu Yuanzhang}}
	{{More citations needed\|date=November 2021}}
	{{Infobox royalty		{{Infobox royalty
	\| name = Zhu Shizhen<br>{{~~nobold\|{{lang~~\|zh\|朱世珍}}}}		\| name = Zhu Shizhen<br>{{langn\|zh\|朱世珍}}
			\| title =
	\| title = ] (posthumously)
			\| image = Sculptures of the mausoleum of Zhu Shizhen.jpg
⚫	\| birth_name = Zhu Wusi<br>(朱五四)
			\| caption = Tomb of Zhu Shizhen in ], ], ]
	\| birth_date = 1281<br>Zhiyuan 18<br>(至元十八年)
		⚫	\| birth_name = Zhu Wusi<br>({{zhi\|c=朱五四}})
			\| birth_date = 1281
	\| birth_place = Jurong		\| birth_place = Jurong
	\| death_date = 1344 ~~(aged 63)<br>Zhizheng 4<br>(至正四年)~~		\| death_date = 1344
	\| death_place =		\| death_place =
	\| burial_place = Ming Imperial Mausoleum (明皇陵)		\| burial_place = Ming Imperial Mausoleum ({{zhi\|c=明皇陵}}, in present-day ], Anhui)
	\| spouse = Empress Chun		\| spouse = Empress Chun
	\| issue = ~~{{plainlist\|~~		\| issue-link = #Family
		⚫	\| issue = ]
	* Zhu Chongsi (Zhu Xinglong), Prince of Nanchang
		⚫	\| full name = Zhu Shizhen ({{zhi\|c=朱世珍}})
	* Zhu Chongliu (Zhu Xingsheng), Prince of Xuyi
		⚫	\| posthumous name = Emperor '''Chun''' ({{zhi\|c='''淳'''皇帝}})
	* Zhu Chongqi (Zhu Xingzu), Prince of Linhuai
		⚫	\| temple name = Renzu ({{zhi\|c=仁祖}})
⚫	* ]
	* Grand Princess Taiyuan
	* Grand Princess of Cao}}
⚫	\| full name = Zhu Shizhen~~<br>~~(朱世珍)
⚫	\| posthumous name = Emperor '''Chun'''~~<br>~~('''淳'''皇帝)
⚫	\| temple name = Renzu (仁祖)
	\| father = Zhu Chuyi		\| father = Zhu Chuyi
	\| mother = Empress Yu		\| mother = Empress Yu
			\|module={{Infobox Chinese
⚫	}}
			\|child= yes
	'''Zhu Shizhen''' ({{zh\|c=朱世珍\|p=Zhū Shìzhēn}}; 1281–1344), born '''Zhu Wusi''' ({{zh\|c=朱五四\|p=Zhū Wǔsì\|links=no}}),<ref></ref> was the father of ], the founder of the ]. He was a native of Jurong (present-day ]). His father, Zhu Chuyi, moved to Xuyi, ] (present-day ], ]), and Zhu Shizhen moved again to Zhongli, ] (present-day ], ]).<ref>''Ming Taizu Shilu '' (明太祖实录), Volume 1：“宋季时，熙祖始徙家渡淮居泗州，父仁祖讳世珍，元世又徙居钟离之东乡，勤俭忠厚，人称长者。母太后陈氏生四子，上其季也。”</ref>
			\|c = 朱世珍
			\|p = Zhū Shìzhēn
			\|w =
			\|altname = Zhu Wusi
			\|c2 = 朱五四
			\|p2 = Zhū Wǔsì
			\|w2 =
		⚫	}}}}

			'''Zhu Shizhen''' (1281–1344), born '''Zhu Wusi''',<ref>{{Cite wikisource\|title=明太祖御制朱氏世德碑记\|wslink=zh:朱氏世德碑记\|language=zh}}</ref> a native of Jurong (present-day ]), was the father of ], the founding emperor of the ].{{sfnm\|1a1=Mote\|1y=2003\|1p=542\|2a1=Hung\|2y=2016\|2p=21}} The Zhu family originally lived in ] but later relocated to Jurong. Zhu Shizhen's father, Zhu Chuyi, then moved to Xuyi in ] (present-day ], ]), and Zhu Shizhen himself later moved to Zhongli in ] (present-day ], ]).{{sfnp\|Taizu Shilu\|loc=vol. 1}}
	His wife was Lady Chen, posthumously Empress Chun. He had four sons — the eldest, Zhu Chongsi the Prince of Nanchang (Zhu Xinglong), the second, Zhu Chongliu the Prince of Xuyi (Zhu Xingsheng), the third, Zhu Chongqi the Prince of Linhuai (Zhu Xingzu), and the fourth was Zhu Yuanzhang the Hongwu Emperor — and two daughters — Grand Princess of Cao (mother of Li Wenzhong) and Grand Princess Taiyuan.

	In 1344, there was a great drought in Huaibei, and ~~Zhu~~ ~~Shizhen,~~ ~~Lady~~ ~~Chen,~~ ~~and~~ ~~Zhu~~ ~~Xinglong~~ ~~the~~ ~~Prince~~ of ~~Nanchang~~, ~~died successively.~~		Zhu Shizhen was member of the impoverished peasant class. In 1344 there was a great drought in Huaibei, and his entire family died of starvation, save for two of his sons.{{sfnm\|1a1=Mote\|1y=2003\|1pp=541–542\|2a1=Mote\|2y=1988\|2p=44\|3a1=Hung\|3y=2016\|3pp=1, 21}}

	In 1363, Han Lin'er posthumously ~~gave~~ Zhu Wusi the titles ~~''Kai~~ fu yi ~~tong~~ ~~san~~ ~~si''~~ (開府儀同三司), ~~''Shang~~ ~~zhu~~ ~~guo''~~ (上柱國), ~~''Lu~~ ~~jun~~ ~~guo~~ ~~zhong~~ ~~shi''~~ (錄軍國重事), ~~''Zhong~~ ~~shu~~ ~~you~~ ~~cheng~~ ~~xiang''~~ (中書右丞相), ~~''Tai~~ ~~wei''~~ (太尉), and ~~''Wu~~ ~~guo~~ ~~gong''~~ (吳國公). His wife, Lady Chen, was posthumously ~~given~~ the title ~~''Gong furen''~~ (公夫人).~~<ref>''~~Yanshan ~~Hall~~ ~~Collection''~~ ~~(弇山堂别集), Volume~~ 6 ~~(San zu jue feng, 三祖爵封)</ref>~~		In 1363, ] posthumously accorded Zhu Wusi the titles Executor and Assistant Minister of the Three Offices ({{zhi\|t=開府儀同三司}}), Senior Pillar of the State ({{zhi\|t=上柱國}}), Head of Privy Councilor for Extraordinary Affairs ({{zhi\|t=錄軍國重事}}), Right Chancellor of the Central Secretariat ({{zhi\|t=中書右丞相}}), Grand Commandant ({{zhi\|t=太尉}}), and Duke of Wu ({{zhi\|t=吳國公}}). His wife, Lady Chen, was posthumously accorded the title Duchess ({{zhi\|c=公夫人}}).{{sfnp\|Yanshan tang bie ji\|loc=vol. 6}}

	In 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming dynasty in Nanjing and posthumously honoured Zhu Shizhen as emperor, with the ] '''Renzu''' (仁祖)~~<ref>''History of Ming, Volume~~ 2~~''：追尊高祖考曰玄皇帝，廟號德祖，曾祖考曰恆皇帝，廟號懿祖；祖考曰裕皇帝，廟號熙祖，皇考曰淳皇帝，廟號仁祖，妣皆皇后。</ref>~~ and ] '''Emperor Chun''' (淳皇帝)~~. His tomb was Ming Imperial Mausoleum in Fengyang~~.		In 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang established the ] in ] and posthumously honoured Zhu Shizhen as emperor, with the ] '''Renzu''' ({{zhi\|c=仁祖}}){{sfnp\|Zhang\|1739\|loc=vol. 2}} and the ] '''Emperor Chun''' ({{zhi\|c=淳皇帝}}).

	==Family==		==Family==
	~~'''~~Consorts and Issue:~~'''~~		Consorts and Issue:
	* Empress Chun, of the Chen clan ({{~~lang\|zh~~\|淳皇后陳氏}}; 1286–1344)		* Empress Chun, of the Chen clan ({{zhi\|t=淳皇后陳氏}}; 1286–1344)
	** Zhu Chongsi (Zhu Xinglong), Prince of Nanchang ({{~~lang\|zh~~\|南昌王朱重四 (朱興隆)}}; 1307–1344), first son		** Zhu Chongsi (Zhu Xinglong), Prince of Nanchang ({{zhi\|t=南昌王朱重四 (朱興隆)}}; 1307–1344), first son
	** Zhu Chongliu (Zhu Xingsheng), Prince of Xuyi ({{~~lang\|zh~~\|盱眙王朱重六 (朱興盛)}}; ?–?), second son		** Zhu Chongliu (Zhu Xingsheng), Prince of Xuyi ({{zhi\|t=盱眙王朱重六 (朱興盛)}}; ?–?), second son
	** Zhu Chongqi (Zhu Xingzu), Prince of Linhuai ({{~~lang\|zh~~\|臨淮王朱重七 (朱興祖)}}; ?–?), third son		** Zhu Chongqi (Zhu Xingzu), Prince of Linhuai ({{zhi\|t=臨淮王朱重七 (朱興祖)}}; ?–?), third son
	** Zhu Chongba (Zhu Xingzong, Zhu Yuanzhang), the ] ({{~~lang\|zh~~\|洪武帝朱重八 (朱興宗, 朱元璋)}}; 21 October 1328 – 24 June 1398), fourth son		** Zhu Chongba (Zhu Xingzong, Zhu Yuanzhang), the ] ({{zhi\|t=洪武帝朱重八 (朱興宗, 朱元璋)}}; 21 October 1328 – 24 June 1398), fourth son
	** Grand Princess Taiyuan ({{~~lang\|zh~~\|太原長公主}}), first daughter		** Grand Princess Taiyuan ({{zhi\|t=太原長公主}}), first daughter
	*** Married Wang Qiyi ({{~~lang\|zh~~\|王七一}})		*** Married Wang Qiyi ({{zhi\|c=王七一}})
	** Grand Princess of Cao ({{lang\|zh\|曹國長公主}}; 1317–1351), personal name Fonü ({{~~lang\|zh~~\|佛女}}), second daughter		** Grand Princess of Cao ({{lang\|zh\|曹國長公主}}; 1317–1351), personal name Fonü ({{zhi\|c=佛女}}), second daughter
	*** Married Li Zhen ({{~~lang\|zh~~\|李貞}}; 1304–1379), and had issue (one son)		*** Married Li Zhen ({{zhi\|t=李貞}}; 1304–1379), and had issue (one son)

	==Ancestry==		==Ancestry==
	{{see\|Family tree of Zhu Shizhen}}
	{{ahnentafel \| align = center		{{ahnentafel \| align = center
	\| boxstyle_1 = background-color: #fcc;		\| boxstyle_1 = background-color: #fcc;
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	==References==		==References==
			===Citations===
	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}

			===Works cited===
			{{Refbegin}}
			* {{Cite book \|last=Zhang \|first=Tingyu \|author-link=Zhang Tingyu \|title=Ming Shi \|title-link=History of Ming \|year=1739 \|script-title=zh:明史 \|trans-title=History of Ming}}
			* {{Cite book \|title=Taizu Shilu \|year=n.d. \|script-title=zh:太祖實錄 \|trans-title=Veritable Records of Emperor Taizu \|ref={{harvid\|Taizu Shilu}}}}
			* {{Cite book \|last=Wang \|first=Shizhen \|title=Yan shan tang bie ji \|script-title=zh:弇山堂別集 \|trans-title=Yanshan Hall Collection \|ref={{harvid\|Yanshan tang bie ji}}}}
			* {{Cite book \|last=Mote \|first=Frederick W. \|author-link=Frederick W. Mote \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SQWW7QgUH4gC&pg=PA727 \|title=Imperial China 900-1800 \|publisher=Harvard University Press \|year=2003 \|isbn=978-0-674-01212-7 \|pages=727–}}
			* {{Cite book \|last=Mote \|first=Frederick W \|author-link=Frederick W. Mote \|title=The Cambridge History of China Volume 7: The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 1 \|publisher=Cambridge University Press \|year=1988 \|isbn=0521243327 \|editor-last=Mote \|editor-first=Frederick W. \|location=Cambridge \|chapter=The rise of the Ming dynasty, 1330–1367 \|editor-last2=Twitchett \|editor-first2=Denis C \|editor-link2=Denis Twitchett}}
			* {{Cite book \|last=Hung \|first=Hing Ming \|title=From the Mongols to the Ming Dynasty: How a Begging Monk Became Emperor of China, Zhu Yuan Zhang \|publisher=Algora Publishing \|year=2016 \|isbn=9781628941524 \|location=New York}}
			{{Refend}}

	{{DEFAULTSORT:Zhu, Shizhen}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Zhu, Shizhen}}
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	]		]
	]		]
	]
	]		]

Latest revision as of 03:45, 15 December 2024

Father of Zhu Yuanzhang

Zhu Shizhen
朱世珍

Tomb of Zhu Shizhen in Fengyang County, Chuzhou, Anhui

Born

Zhu Wusi
(朱五四)
1281
Jurong

Died

1344

Burial

Ming Imperial Mausoleum (明皇陵, in present-day Fengyang, Anhui)

Spouse

Empress Chun

Issue
Detail

Hongwu Emperor

Names
Zhu Shizhen (朱世珍)
Posthumous name
Emperor Chun (淳皇帝)
Temple name
Renzu (仁祖)

Father

Zhu Chuyi

Mother

Empress Yu

Chinese name

Chinese

朱世珍

Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Zhū Shìzhēn

Zhu Wusi

Chinese

朱五四

Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Zhū Wǔsì

Zhu Shizhen (1281–1344), born Zhu Wusi, a native of Jurong (present-day Jurong, Jiangsu), was the father of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming dynasty. The Zhu family originally lived in Pei but later relocated to Jurong. Zhu Shizhen's father, Zhu Chuyi, then moved to Xuyi in Si Prefecture (present-day Xuyi, Jiangsu), and Zhu Shizhen himself later moved to Zhongli in Haozhou (present-day Fengyang, Anhui).

Zhu Shizhen was member of the impoverished peasant class. In 1344 there was a great drought in Huaibei, and his entire family died of starvation, save for two of his sons.

In 1363, Han Lin'er posthumously accorded Zhu Wusi the titles Executor and Assistant Minister of the Three Offices (開府儀同三司), Senior Pillar of the State (上柱國), Head of Privy Councilor for Extraordinary Affairs (錄軍國重事), Right Chancellor of the Central Secretariat (中書右丞相), Grand Commandant (太尉), and Duke of Wu (吳國公). His wife, Lady Chen, was posthumously accorded the title Duchess (公夫人).

In 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming dynasty in Nanjing and posthumously honoured Zhu Shizhen as emperor, with the temple name Renzu (仁祖) and the posthumous name Emperor Chun (淳皇帝).

Family

Consorts and Issue:

Empress Chun, of the Chen clan (淳皇后陳氏; 1286–1344)
- Zhu Chongsi (Zhu Xinglong), Prince of Nanchang (南昌王朱重四 (朱興隆); 1307–1344), first son
- Zhu Chongliu (Zhu Xingsheng), Prince of Xuyi (盱眙王朱重六 (朱興盛); ?–?), second son
- Zhu Chongqi (Zhu Xingzu), Prince of Linhuai (臨淮王朱重七 (朱興祖); ?–?), third son
- Zhu Chongba (Zhu Xingzong, Zhu Yuanzhang), the Hongwu Emperor (洪武帝朱重八 (朱興宗, 朱元璋); 21 October 1328 – 24 June 1398), fourth son
- Grand Princess Taiyuan (太原長公主), first daughter
  - Married Wang Qiyi (王七一)
- Grand Princess of Cao (曹國長公主; 1317–1351), personal name Fonü (佛女), second daughter
  - Married Li Zhen (李貞; 1304–1379), and had issue (one son)

Ancestry

Zhu Zhongba

Zhu Bailiu

Lady Chen

Zhu Sijiu

Empress Xuan

Zhu Chuyi

Empress Heng

Zhu Shizhen (1281–1344)

Empress Yu

References

Citations

明太祖御制朱氏世德碑记 (in Chinese) – via Wikisource.
Mote 2003, p. 542; Hung 2016, p. 21.
Taizu Shilu, vol. 1.
Mote 2003, pp. 541–542; Mote 1988, p. 44; Hung 2016, pp. 1, 21.
Yanshan tang bie ji, vol. 6.
Zhang (1739), vol. 2.

Works cited

Zhang, Tingyu (1739). Ming Shi 明史 [History of Ming].
Taizu Shilu 太祖實錄 [Veritable Records of Emperor Taizu]. n.d.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
Wang, Shizhen. Yan shan tang bie ji 弇山堂別集 [Yanshan Hall Collection].
Mote, Frederick W. (2003). Imperial China 900-1800. Harvard University Press. pp. 727–. ISBN 978-0-674-01212-7.
Mote, Frederick W (1988). "The rise of the Ming dynasty, 1330–1367". In Mote, Frederick W.; Twitchett, Denis C (eds.). The Cambridge History of China Volume 7: The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521243327.
Hung, Hing Ming (2016). From the Mongols to the Ming Dynasty: How a Begging Monk Became Emperor of China, Zhu Yuan Zhang. New York: Algora Publishing. ISBN 9781628941524.

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