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| ** ] is the engine developed by Microsoft for ]. It is a largely rewritten fork of Trident with all legacy code removed. | ** ] is the engine developed by Microsoft for ]. It is a largely rewritten fork of Trident with all legacy code removed. | ||
| * ] was developed by Microsoft for use in ]. | * ] was developed by Microsoft for use in ]. | ||
| * ] |
* ] was developed by the ] project but has since been discontinued. | ||
| ** ] is a fork of KHTML by ] used in Apple ], and formerly in ] and ]. | ** ] is a fork of KHTML by ] used in Apple ], and formerly in ] and ]. | ||
| *** ] is a 2013 fork of WebKit's WebCore component by Google used in Chromium, Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Opera, and ].<ref name="ars-blink">{{cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/04/google-going-its-own-way-forking-webkit-rendering-engine/ |title=Google going its own way, forking WebKit rendering engine |date=April 3, 2013 |publisher=Ars Technica |access-date=4 April 2013}}</ref> | *** ] is a 2013 fork of WebKit's WebCore component by Google used in Chromium, Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Opera, and ].<ref name="ars-blink">{{cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/04/google-going-its-own-way-forking-webkit-rendering-engine/ |title=Google going its own way, forking WebKit rendering engine |date=April 3, 2013 |publisher=Ars Technica |access-date=4 April 2013}}</ref> | ||
| Line 57: | Line 57: | ||
| * ] (]) | * ] (]) | ||
| ** ] (for Windows based on K-Meleon core, mostly written in ]) | ** ] (for Windows based on K-Meleon core, mostly written in ]) | ||
| ** ] for Windows |
** ] (for Windows based on K-Meleon) | ||
| * ] (for ]) | * ] (for ]) | ||
| * ] (for mobile) | * ] (for mobile) | ||
| Line 79: | Line 79: | ||
| ** ''']''' (Firefox-based web browser for Windows, macOS, and Linux) | ** ''']''' (Firefox-based web browser for Windows, macOS, and Linux) | ||
| ** ] (formerly XeroBank Browser and Torpark), portable browser for anonymous browsing, originally based on Firefox | ** ] (formerly XeroBank Browser and Torpark), portable browser for anonymous browsing, originally based on Firefox | ||
| * ''']''' (codenamed ''Fennec'') | * ''']''' (codenamed ''Fennec'') | ||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| ** ] (separate ], based on Mozilla Application Suite) | ** ] (separate ], based on Mozilla Application Suite) | ||
| Line 92: | Line 92: | ||
| === Goanna-based === | === Goanna-based === | ||
| * ] – similar to Pale Moon, but with the interface of Firefox 29–56 and a few other differences | * ] – similar to Pale Moon, but with the interface of Firefox 29–56 and a few other differences | ||
| * ''']''' – starting from version 77 (2019) | * ''']''' – starting from version 77 (2019) | ||
| * ''']''' – a fork of Firefox that maintains support for ]/] extensions and retains the user interface of the Firefox 4–28 era | * ''']''' – a fork of Firefox that maintains support for ]/] extensions and retains the user interface of the Firefox 4–28 era | ||
| Line 125: | Line 125: | ||
| * ''']''' | * ''']''' | ||
| * |
* ] | ||
| === Presto-based === | === Presto-based === | ||
| Line 159: | Line 159: | ||
| | discontinued || ] (qtwebkit version discontinued) (up to Version 1.56) | | discontinued || ] (qtwebkit version discontinued) (up to Version 1.56) | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | || ] for |
| || ] for ], ], ]<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 12, 2022 |title=Introducing DuckDuckGo for Mac: A Private, Fast, and Secure Browsing App |url=https://spreadprivacy.com/introducing-duckduckgo-for-mac/}}</ref>, ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | |
| | ||
| | |
|''']''' | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | discontinued || ] (version 3.0 and above) | | discontinued || ] (version 3.0 and above) | ||
| Line 176: | Line 176: | ||
| | || ''']''' (version 3.0 to 5.0. Since version 6 Maxthon uses Chromium<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.maxthon.com/mx6/changelog/|title=Maxthon Browser|access-date=April 6, 2022|archive-date=February 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210211062458/https://www.maxthon.com/mx6/changelog/|url-status=dead}}</ref>) | | || ''']''' (version 3.0 to 5.0. Since version 6 Maxthon uses Chromium<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.maxthon.com/mx6/changelog/|title=Maxthon Browser|access-date=April 6, 2022|archive-date=February 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210211062458/https://www.maxthon.com/mx6/changelog/|url-status=dead}}</ref>) | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | || ] | | || ] (versions released after acquisition in 2019 use Gecko) | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | || ] for iOS | | || ] for iOS | ||
| Line 185: | Line 185: | ||
| |] NetFront Browser NX | |] NetFront Browser NX | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | discontinued|| |
| discontinued||] | ||
| ⚫ | |- | ||
| | | |||
| | | |||
| |- | |- | ||
| | || ''']''' (uses Blink and WebKit; aims to recreate the features of old Opera) | | || ''']''' (uses Blink and WebKit; aims to recreate the features of old Opera) | ||
| Line 194: | Line 197: | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | || ''']''' (a ]-based backend is currently used by default) | | || ''']''' (a ]-based backend is currently used by default) | ||
| ⚫ | |- | ||
| | || ''']''' | |||
| |- | |- | ||
| | discontinued || Rekonq | | discontinued || Rekonq | ||
| Line 205: | Line 206: | ||
| | discontinued || ] | | discontinued || ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | |
| || ''']'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.slimboat.com/en/ |title=Slimboat |website=slimboat.com |access-date=11 February 2015}}</ref> (versions released since 2019 use Gecko) | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | discontinued || ] for ] | | discontinued || ] for ] | ||
| Line 227: | Line 228: | ||
| ** ''']''' | ** ''']''' | ||
| ** ''']''' | ** ''']''' | ||
| ** |
** ] | ||
| ** ''']''' | ** ''']''' | ||
| ** ''']''' | ** ''']''' | ||
| ** ''']'''<ref>{{cite web|author=JoWa |
** ''']'''<ref>{{cite web|author=JoWa|date=2 May 2014|title=Blink, since v. 28|url=https://forums.comodo.com/news-announcements-feedback-cd/comodo-dragon-33-vs-opera-20-vs-firefox-29-t104231.0.html;msg757861#msg757861|access-date=21 Apr 2017|publisher=Comodo Group, Inc.|archive-date=March 17, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160317110435/https://forums.comodo.com/news-announcements-feedback-cd/comodo-dragon-33-vs-opera-20-vs-firefox-29-t104231.0.html;msg757861#msg757861|url-status=dead}}</ref> | ||
| ** ''']''' | ** ''']''' | ||
| ** ''']''' (based on ] since Chrome v. 28) | ** ''']''' (based on ] since Chrome v. 28) | ||
| Line 241: | Line 242: | ||
| ** ''']''' (Blink backend mostly stable) | ** ''']''' (Blink backend mostly stable) | ||
| ** ''']''' | ** ''']''' | ||
| ** |
** ] | ||
| ** ] | |||
| ** ''']''' | ** ''']''' | ||
| ** ''']''' | ** ''']''' | ||
| ** ] | ** ] | ||
| ** ''']''' | ** ''']''' | ||
| ** ''']''' | ** ''']''' | ||
| Line 262: | Line 264: | ||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| * ''']''' | * ''']''' (only the Android version is actively developed as of 2022) | ||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| Line 275: | Line 277: | ||
| Important note ends. --> | Important note ends. --> | ||
| ⚫ | * ] (for children with ], ] disorders such as ], pervasive developmental disorders (PDD), and PDD-NOS) | ||
| ⚫ | * ] ( |
||
| ⚫ | * ] ( |
||
| ====Discontinued==== | ====Discontinued==== | ||
| Line 283: | Line 284: | ||
| Important note ends. --> | Important note ends. --> | ||
| * ] ( |
* ] (to enhance social networking, ], photo-sharing, and ] news-reading) | ||
| * ] ( |
* ] (blends into the ] to hide activity) | ||
| * ] ( |
* ] (created specially for browsing Misplaced Pages) | ||
| * ] ( |
* ] (designed for data analytics) | ||
| * ] ( |
* ] (a media browser that integrates a ] addon) | ||
| * ] (open source ] and web browser based on the Songbird (see below) media player source code) | * ] (open source ] and web browser based on the Songbird (see below) media player source code) | ||
| * ] ( |
* ] (executable only within the application) | ||
| * ] ( |
* ] (designed to combine web browsing, and social activities such as ] and ] into a unified one window experience) | ||
| * ] (browser with advanced audio streaming features and built-in media player with library |
* ] (browser with advanced audio streaming features and built-in media player with library) | ||
| ⚫ | * ] (search the web in 3D) | ||
| === Mosaic-based === | === Mosaic-based === | ||
Revision as of 00:08, 18 December 2024
 | This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (October 2021) |
The following is a list of web browsers that are notable.
Historical
This is a table of personal computer web browsers by year of release of major version. The increased growth of the Internet in the 1990s and 2000s means that current browsers with small market shares have more total users than the entire market early on. For example, 90% market share in 1997 would be roughly 60 million users, but by the start of 2007 9% market share would equate to over 90 million users.
Layout engines
- Gecko is developed by the Mozilla Foundation.
- Goanna is a fork of Gecko developed by Moonchild Productions.
- Servo is an experimental web browser layout engine being developed cooperatively by Mozilla and Samsung. In 2020 the engine's development was transferred to the Linux Foundation.
- Presto was developed by Opera Software for use in Opera. Development stopped as Opera transitioned to Blink.
- Trident is developed by Microsoft for use in the Windows versions of Internet Explorer 4 to Internet Explorer 11.
- Tasman was developed by Microsoft for use in Internet Explorer 5 for Macintosh.
- KHTML was developed by the KDE project but has since been discontinued.
- WebKit is a fork of KHTML by Apple Inc. used in Apple Safari, and formerly in Chromium and Google Chrome.
Graphical
Current and maintained projects are listed in boldface.
Trident shells
 | This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
Other software publishers have built browsers and other products around Microsoft's Trident engine. The following browsers are all based on that rendering engine:
- 360 Secure Browser
- AOL Explorer
- Deepnet Explorer
- GreenBrowser
- Internet Explorer
- MediaBrowser
- MSN Explorer
- NeoPlanet
- NetCaptor
- QQ Browser
Gecko-based
- Camino for Mac OS X (formerly Chimera)
- Conkeror, (keyboard-driven browser)
- Galeon, (GNOME's old default browser)
- K-Meleon (Windows)
- K-MeleonCCF ME (for Windows based on K-Meleon core, mostly written in Lua)
- K-Ninja (for Windows based on K-Meleon)
- MicroB (for Maemo)
- Minimo (for mobile)
- Mozilla Firefox (formerly Firebird and Phoenix, developed by the Mozilla foundation)
- AT&T Pogo (based on Firefox)
- Cliqz (Firefox fork)
- CometBird (an optimized fork of Firefox allowing video downloads)
- Comodo IceDragon (Firefox-based web browser for Windows with privacy and performance enhancements developed by Comodo)
- Flock (was based on Firefox until version 2.6.1, and based on Chromium thereafter)
- Floorp (based on Firefox with increased customization options)
- Iceweasel (Debian's Firefox rebrand)
- Swiftweasel (processor-optimised builds based on Iceweasel)
- GNU IceCat (GNU's fork of Firefox)
- LibreWolf
- Netscape Browser 8 to Netscape Navigator 9 (discontinued)
- TenFourFox (Firefox port to PowerPC versions of Mac OS X)
- Timberwolf (AmigaOS' Firefox rebrand)
- Tor Browser (privacy enabled browser)
- Mullvad Browser (based on Tor Browser)
- Swiftfox (processor-optimised builds based on Firefox)
- Waterfox (Firefox-based web browser for Windows, macOS, and Linux)
- xB Browser (formerly XeroBank Browser and Torpark), portable browser for anonymous browsing, originally based on Firefox
- Firefox for Android (codenamed Fennec)
- Mozilla Application Suite
- Skyfire (for mobile)
- SlimBrowser
- Yahoo! Browser (or partnership browsers e.g. "AT&T Yahoo! Browser"; "Verizon Yahoo! Browser"; "BT Yahoo! Browser", etc.)
Goanna-based
- Basilisk – similar to Pale Moon, but with the interface of Firefox 29–56 and a few other differences
- K-Meleon – starting from version 77 (2019)
- Pale Moon – a fork of Firefox that maintains support for XUL/XPCOM extensions and retains the user interface of the Firefox 4–28 era
Gecko- and Trident-based
Browsers that use both Trident and Gecko include:
- K-Meleon with the IE Tab extension
- Mozilla Firefox with the IE Tab extension
- Netscape Browser 8
Webkit- and Trident-based
- GNOME Web
- Maxthon (up until version 4.2)
- QQ browser
Blink- and Trident-based
Gecko-, Trident-, and Blink-based
Browsers that can use Trident, Gecko and Blink include:
KHTML-based
Presto-based
- Internet Channel (for Wii console, Opera-based)
- Nintendo DS Browser (Opera-based)
- Opera (for releases up until 12.18)
WebKit-based
| Status | Browser |
|---|---|
| Aloha Browser (iOS and Android) | |
| experimental | Amazon Kindle NetFront Browser |
| discontinued | Arora |
| discontinued | BOLT browser |
| Google Chrome for iOS | |
| Dolphin Browser (Android and Bada) | |
| discontinued | Dooble (qtwebkit version discontinued) (up to Version 1.56) |
| DuckDuckGo for Android, iOS, macOS, Windows | |
| Firefox for iOS | |
| discontinued | Flock (version 3.0 and above) |
| GNOME Web (Epiphany) | |
| iCab (version 4 uses WebKit; earlier versions used its own rendering engine) | |
| discontinued | Iris Browser |
| Konqueror (version 4 can use WebKit as an alternative to its native KHTML) | |
| Maxthon (version 3.0 to 5.0. Since version 6 Maxthon uses Chromium) | |
| Midori (versions released after acquisition in 2019 use Gecko) | |
| Microsoft Edge for iOS | |
| Nintendo 3DS NetFront Browser | |
| Nintendo Wii U NetFront Browser NX | |
| discontinued | OmniWeb |
| Orion | |
| Otter Browser (uses Blink and WebKit; aims to recreate the features of old Opera) | |
| discontinued | OWB |
| discontinued | QtWeb |
| qutebrowser (a Blink-based backend is currently used by default) | |
| discontinued | Rekonq |
| Safari | |
| discontinued | PhantomJS (a headless browser) |
| discontinued | Shiira |
| SlimBoat (versions released since 2019 use Gecko) | |
| discontinued | Steel for Android |
| surf | |
| discontinued | Uzbl |
| discontinued | Web Browser for S60, used in all Nokia Symbian smartphones |
| discontinued | webOS, used in the Palm Pre, Palm Pixi, Pre 2, HP Veer, Pre 3, and TouchPad mobile devices |
| WebPositive, browser in Haiku | |
| discontinued | xombrero |
Blink-based
- Chromium
- Amazon Silk
- Arc
- Avast Secure Browser
- Beaker
- Brave
- Cốc Cốc
- Comodo Dragon
- Epic
- Google Chrome (based on Blink since Chrome v. 28)
- JioPages
- Microsoft Edge
- NAVER Whale
- Opera
- Opera GX
- Puffin Browser
- qutebrowser (Blink backend mostly stable)
- Redcore
- Rockmelt
- SalamWeb
- Sleipnir
- SRWare Iron
- Torch
- Ungoogled-chromium
- Vivaldi
- Yandex Browser
- Qt WebEngine
EdgeHTML-based
- Microsoft Edge (formerly using EdgeHTML, now using Blink)
For Java platform
- BOLT Browser
- HotJava
- Opera Mini (only the Android version is actively developed as of 2022)
- ThunderHawk
Specialty browsers
See also: Augmented browsing, List of augmented browsing software, and Site-specific browserBrowsers created for enhancements of specific browsing activities.
Current
- ZAC Browser (for children with autism, autism spectrum disorders such as Asperger syndrome, pervasive developmental disorders (PDD), and PDD-NOS)
Discontinued
- Flock (to enhance social networking, blogging, photo-sharing, and RSS news-reading)
- Ghostzilla (blends into the GUI to hide activity)
- Gollum browser (created specially for browsing Misplaced Pages)
- Kirix Strata (designed for data analytics)
- Miro (a media browser that integrates a BitTorrent addon)
- Nightingale (open source audio player and web browser based on the Songbird (see below) media player source code)
- Prodigy Classic (executable only within the application)
- Rockmelt (designed to combine web browsing, and social activities such as Facebook and Twitter into a unified one window experience)
- Songbird (browser with advanced audio streaming features and built-in media player with library)
- SpaceTime (search the web in 3D)
Mosaic-based
Mosaic was the first widely used web browser. The National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) licensed the technology and many companies built their own web browser on Mosaic. The best known are the first versions of Internet Explorer and Netscape.
- AMosaic
- IBM WebExplorer
- Internet Explorer 1.x
- Internet in a Box
- Mosaic-CK
- Netscape
- Spyglass Mosaic
- VMS Mosaic
Others
- Abaco (for Plan 9 from Bell Labs and Linux)
- Amaya
- Arachne (for DOS and Linux)
- Arena
- Ariadna (AMSD Ariadna) (first Russian web browser)
- AWeb (AmigaOS)
- Baidu Mobile Browser
- Charon (for Inferno)
- Dillo (for lower-end computers)
- DR-WebSpyder (for DOS)
- Embrowser (for DOS)
- Flow browser
- Gazelle (from Microsoft Research, OS-like)
- IBrowse (for AmigaOS)
- Ladybird (from SerenityOS)
- Mothra (for Plan 9 from Bell Labs)
- NetPositive (for BeOS)
- NetSurf (an open source web browser originally for RISC OS and GTK, e.g. Linux, Windows and more platforms, written in C)
- Phoenix, a browser based on tkWWW
- Planetweb browser (for Dreamcast)
- Qihoo 360 mobile browsers
- tkWWW, based on Tcl
- Voyager (for AmigaOS)
Mobile browsers
Main article: Mobile browser- Amazon Silk
- Apple Safari
- Arc
- Brave
- Dolphin browser
- Firefox Focus
- Google Chrome
- Microsoft Edge
- Mozilla Firefox
- Opera Mobile
- Puffin Browser
- QQ browser
- Samsung Internet
- UC Browser
- Vivaldi
Text-based
Main article: Text-based web browserSee also
- History of the web browser
- Timeline of web browsers
- Comparison of web browsers
- Comparison of browser engines
- List of search engines
- List of web browsers for Unix and Unix-like operating systems
- Usage share of web browsers
- Browser wars
References
- "History and Growth of the Internet". Internet World Stats. June 21, 2011. Retrieved July 23, 2011.
- Brennan, Elaine (June 13, 1993). "World Wibe Web Browser: Ms-Windows (Beta) (1/149)". Humanist Archives Vol. 7. Retrieved March 27, 2010.
- Großmann, Prof. Dr. Hans Peter. "Department of Information Resource Management". University of Ulm. Retrieved March 22, 2010.
- ^ "Release history". W3C. Retrieved May 2, 2009.
- "Oracle Introduces PowerBrowser". Oracle Corporation. June 18, 1996. Retrieved October 31, 2007.
- "Opera Software Releases 3.60" (Press release). Opera Software. May 12, 1998. Retrieved February 19, 2008.
- "Opera 4.0 for Windows Released" (Press release). Opera Software. June 27, 2000. Retrieved December 10, 2008.
- "The Browser War Lights Up in Europe" (Press release). Opera Software. December 6, 2000. Retrieved December 10, 2008.
- "Opera 6.0 for Windows launched after record-breaking beta" (Press release). Opera Software. November 29, 2001. Retrieved February 19, 2008.
- "Opera 7 Ready to Rock the Web" (Press release). Opera Software. January 28, 2003. Retrieved February 19, 2008.
- "Speed, Security and Simplicity: Opera 8 Web Browser Released Today" (Press release). Opera Software. April 19, 2005. Retrieved February 19, 2008.
- "Your Web, Your Choice: Opera 9 Gives You the Control" (Press release). Opera Software. June 20, 2006. Retrieved December 10, 2008.
- "Opera redefines Web browsing yet again" (Press release). Opera Software. June 12, 2008. Retrieved June 12, 2008.
- "Turbocharge your Web experience with Opera 10" (Press release). Opera Software. September 1, 2009. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
- "History of the Pale Moon project". Retrieved January 5, 2017.
- "The world's fastest browser for Windows" (Press release). Oslo, Norway: Opera Software. March 2, 2010. Retrieved March 28, 2010.
- ^ "General information". Retrieved January 5, 2017.
- "Google going its own way, forking WebKit rendering engine". Ars Technica. April 3, 2013. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
- http://caminobrowser.org Camino reaches its end
- "Have it all: Lunascape, the browser with three engines". CNET News. November 24, 2008. Archived from the original on October 25, 2012. Retrieved May 20, 2010.
- "300 million users and move to WebKit". Opera Developer News.
- "Surprise: Opera 12.18 has been released – gHacks Tech News". gHacks Technology News. February 16, 2016. Retrieved November 3, 2017.
- "Introducing DuckDuckGo for Mac: A Private, Fast, and Secure Browsing App". April 12, 2022.
- "Projects/WebKit/Part — KDE TechBase". KDE TechBase. Retrieved March 30, 2010.
- "Maxthon Browser". Archived from the original on February 11, 2021. Retrieved April 6, 2022.
- "Slimboat". slimboat.com. Retrieved February 11, 2015.
- JoWa (May 2, 2014). "Blink, since v. 28". Comodo Group, Inc. Archived from the original on March 17, 2016. Retrieved April 21, 2017.
- "Microsoft Edge: Making the web better through more open source collaboration". Microsoft Windows Blog. Microsoft. December 6, 2018. Retrieved December 7, 2018.
- "A first peek at Opera 15 for Computers". Opera. Archived from the original on June 7, 2013. Retrieved June 24, 2013.
- "The new Microsoft Edge is now mandatory in Windows 10 20H2". News, Reviews and Technical Support. BleepingComputer. October 20, 2020. Retrieved October 28, 2020.
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on May 6, 2016. Retrieved February 23, 2017.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
External links
- Adrian Roselli, evolt.org Browser Archive (2004). List and archive of many current and obsolete web browsers.
- Daniel R. Tobias, Brand-X Browsers (2002).
- Michael Bernadi, DOS Applications for Internet Use (2006).
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